Detailed Project Report on Aloevera Cultivation & Processing

ALOEVERA CULTIVATION & PROCESSING

[CODE NO.3562]  

Name of the plant

Scientific name              : Aloe barbadensis Mill.

Local name

English                      : Aloe barbadosaloe, Curacao aloe, Jaffarabad aloe and Indian Aloe

Hindi                        : Kunvar pathu and Gheekanvar

Sanskrit                     : Ghrit Kumari

Kannada                      : Lolesara

Tamil                        : Thazhai

Aloe leaves are used for medicinal and cosmetic uses.

In India, it is grown commercially for its high demand in cosmetic industries as well as in Indian System of Medicines. The succulent leaves are economic part of this plant. The characteristic bitter aloe juice from leaves is laxatic, stomachic, aphrodisiac, cathartic, emmenagogic, astringent, antidotal, anthelmintic and hepatic stimulant. The gel produced from mature leaves is used in cosmetic industry for preparation of shampoo, face creams and moisturising agents. Aloe gel is also given in fever, enlargement of liver, spleen and other glands, skin diseases, gonorrhoea, constipation, menstrual suppressions, piles, jaundice, rheumatic diseases, and for the treatment of burns and bruises.

Aloe barbadensis Mill. Popularly known as aloe, is perennial, shallow rooted and xerophytic plant of 30-60 cm height. The plant has triangular fleshy leaves with serrated edges, yellow tubular flowers, and fruits contain numerous seeds. Each leaf is composed of three layers: An inner clear layer of gel that contains 99% water and rest is made of glucomannans, amino acids, lipids, sterols and vitamins. The middle layer of latex contains bitter yellow sap and anthraquinones and glycosides.

The outer thick layer called as rind which has a protective function and synthesizes carbohydrates and proteins. Inside the rind, there are vascular bundles which are responsible for transportation of substances such as water (xylem) and starch (phloem). Flowers vary from yellow to rich orange in colour and arranged in axillary spikes. Flowers have 6 stamens and a trilocular ovary. Most flowers are male or sterile with scarcely fertile pollens.

Aloe is originated from warm and dry climate of Africa. However, because of its wide adaptability as well as its importance as medicinal plant, it is well distributed throughout the world. History showed its importance that Egyptian queens Nefertiti and Cleopatra used it as part of their regular beauty package and Alexander the Great and Christopher Columbus used it to treat their soldiers’ wounds. It grows mainly in the dry regions of Africa, Asia, Europe and America.

In 16th century it is reached to India and inspired growers for commercial cultivation in many parts of the country due to its multifarious uses as; medicinal plant, vegetable, pickle purposes etc. In India, it is cultivated in Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu.

Aloe   barbadensis Mill,  popularly  known  as  Aloe   vera originated in the warm, dry climates of Africa. However, because of its wide adaptability as well as its importance  as  medicinal plants, it is well distributed.

The  virtues of the plant have been recorded by  many  great civilizations, from those of Persia and Egypt in the Middle East, to those of Greece and Italy in Europe, to those of India and the African  continent.  The plant is widely known in  Asia  and  the Pacific,  and  is  found in the folklore  of  the  Japanese,  the Philippines and the Hawaiians. The Spanish used Aloe, and carried it with them to their new world colonies in South America and the Caribbean. In each age, on each continent, in each culture.  Aloe vera has drawn the attention of the most sophisticated minds.

In  India, it is grown commercially for its high  demand  in cosmetic industries as well as in Indian System of Medicines. The succulent leaves are economic part of this plant. Aloe is know by several  names  in India such as Ghrit Kumari, Kunvar  pathu  and Indian  Aloe.  Its  multifarious  uses  as medicinal plants, vegetables,  pickle  purposes  etc.  has  inspired  growers for commercial cultivation  in many parts of the  country.  The  gel produced from its mature leaves is used in cosmetic industry for preparation of shampoo, face creams and moisturizing agents.

The characteristic bitter taste of Aloe vera leaves possesses many medicinal properties. The leaves are  alterative, stomachic,   aphrodisiac,  cathartic,  emmenagogic,   astringent, antidotal, anthelmintic and hepatic stimulant. After removing the skin  of leaves, they are given in fevers, enlargement of  liver, spleen and other glands, skin diseases, gonorrhoea, constipation, menstrual suppressions, piles, jaundice, rheumatic diseases,  and for the treatment of burns and bruises.

COST ESTIMATION

Land & Building (1800 sq.mt.)  Rs. 1.69 Cr

Plant & Machinery                        Rs. 1 Cr

Working Capital for 2 Months    Rs. 25 Lac

Total Capital Investment             Rs. 3.29 Cr

Rate of Return                              20%

Break Even Point                          66%

• INTRODUCTION
• ALOE VERA LEAF GEL
• TEST SYSTEMS AND CLINICAL TRIALS 1
• BURNS AND INCISIONS
• IRRITATING COMPOUNDS PRODUCING GOEDEMA
• ADJUVANT ARTHRITIS
• TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATION
• WOUND HEALING
• BURN HEALING
• FROSTBITE
• BRADYKININ
• STEROIDS AND PROSTAGLANDINS
• INTERACTION WITH MACROMOLECULES: THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
• EFFECTS ON GASTROINTESTINAL FUNCTION AND ULCERS
• ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY
• MICROBIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
• A SELECTION OF MICROORGANISMS INHIBITED BY ALOE GEL PREPARATIONS
• VARIOUS ACTIVITIES
• RADIATION EFFECTS ON SKIN
• CHOLESTEROL LEVELS
• HORMONE LEVELS
• PSORIASIS
• DELETERIOUS EFFECTS
• ALOE GEL CONSTITUENTS
• EXUDATE COMPOUNDS
• GEL COMPOUNDS
• POLYSACCHARIDES FROM ALOE LEAF GEL
• ALEOVERA CULTIVATION AND MARKETING IN INDIA
• MEDICINAL USES
• RED ALOEVERA
• PLANT GUIDE FOR RED ALOEVERA
• VARIETIES AND CULTIVATION OF ALOEVERA
• VARIETIES
• SOIL AND CLIMATE
• SEED AND SOWING
• PLANTING SEASON
• PLANTING
• IRRIGATION
• MANURING
• PLANT PROTECTION
• HARVEST
• YIELD
• MARKET SURVEY
• GLOBALLY, ALOES HAVE BEEN USED FOR A LONG TIME FOR
• TABLE: USE OF ALOE PRODUCTS PER INDICATION
• FOOD SUPPLEMENTS
• DEMAND FOR ALOES IS GROWING
• SALES OF ALOES BENEFIT FROM CHANGING PERCEPTION OF HEALTH
• EXPECTED SUPPLY INCREASES OF ALOE VERA
• GLOBAL ALOEVERA FOOD MARKET SEGMENTATION
• ALOE VERA GEL
• MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS/EXPORTERS OF ALOEVERA PRODUCTS
• METHOD OF ALOEVERA CULTIVATION (GREEN)
• POPULAR VARIETIES WITH THEIR YIELD
• LAND PREPARATION
• SOWING
• TIME OF SOWING
• SPACING
• SOWING DEPTH
• METHOD OF SOWING
• SEED TREATMENT
• FERTILIZER
• WEED CONTROL
• IRRIGATION
• PLANT PROTECTION
• PEST AND THEIR CONTROL:
• DISEASE AND THEIR CONTROL:
• HARVESTING
• POST-HARVEST
• CULTIVATION DETAILS OF ALOEVERA
• SOIL
• LAND PREPARATION
• PLANTING TIME
• METHOD OF PLANTING
• PROPAGATION MATERIAL
• RECOMMENDED VARIETIES
• SEED RATE
• CROP NUTRITION
• IRRIGATION
• INTERCULTURAL OPERATIONS AND WEEDING
• INTERCROPPING
• INSECT PESTS AND DISEASES MANAGEMENT
• POST-HARVEST PROCESSING
• YIELD AND ECONOMICS
• MARKETING
• MARKET DEMAND
• GUIDE FOR ALOEVERA FARMING
• SOIL AND CLIMATE
• APPLICATION OF PLANT NUTRIENTS
• IRRIGATION AND INTERCULTURE
• PLANT PROTECTION
• YIELD
• MEDICINAL QUALITY
• PROCESSING DETAILS OF ALOEVERA (GREEN)
• PROCESSING OF ALOE VERA
• RECEPTION OF RAW MATERIAL
• FILLETING
• HOMOGENIZATION AND ENZYMATIC TREATMENT
• FILTRATION AND DEAREATION
• HOT PROCESSING AND FLASH COOLING
• COLD PROCESSING
• ADDITION OF PRESERVATIVES AND STABILIZERS
• STORAGE
• TRADITIONAL METHOD OF ALOE JUICE PROCESSING
• WHOLE LEAF PROCESSING METHOD
• MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF ALOEVERA PRODUCTS
• THERE ARE TWO BASIC PROCESSES USED IN THE MANUFACTURING 
• OF ALOE VERA PRODUCTS:
• THE KINDS OF ALOE VERA POWDERS PRODUCED ARE:
• BASICALLY THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF EQUIPMENT USED TO MAKE POWDERS
• DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENTS USED
• SOAK TANK
• CONVEYOR
• BRUSH WASHER
• RINSE TANK
• INSPECTION TABLE
• FILET MACHINE
• GRINDER
• HEAT EXCHANGER
• ENZYMES
• AGITATED JACKETED TANKS
• PULPER / FINISHER
• CHARCOAL AND DE
• FILTER
• PASTEURIZATION
• LOW TEMPERATURE LONG TIME (LTLT)
• HIGH TEMPERATURE SHORT TIME (HTST)
• ULTRA HIGH TEMPERATURE (UHT)
• EVAPORATOR
• SPRAY DRYER
• BOILER
• COOLING TOWER
• PROCESS CHILLERS
• POSITIVE PUMP
• DIAPHRAGM PUMP
• SOAP MAKING PROCESS
• PROCESSING DETAILS OF ALOEVERA PRODUCTS
• FOOD APPLICATIONS OF ALOE VERA PRODUCTS
• ALOE CONCENTRATE AND ITS FOOD APPLICATIONS
• ALOE POWDER AND ITS FOOD APPLICATIONS
• PROCESS FOR PREPARING EXTRACTS OF ALOE VERA
• PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM OF ALOEVERA PROCESSING
• PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM OF ALOEVERA GEL BY CENTRIFUGATION PROCESS
• PLANT LAYOUT
• SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
• JACKETED TANK
• FILTER PRESS
• HOMOGENIZER
• ROTARY VACUUM DRYERS
• ROTARY EVAPORATOR
• HEAT EXCHANGER
• ROOM DEHUMIDIFIER
• BLENDER
• AUTOMATIC TUBE FILLING MACHINE
• BOTTLE FILLING MACHINES
• COOLING TOWER
• PULVERIZER
• BOILERS
• GENERATOR SET
• SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
• ALOE VERA LEAF

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)