Detailed Project Report on brake pad
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BRAKE PAD
[CODE NO.4146]
Brakes are important parts of vehicles, machinery, and equipment used in transport, shipping, and other industries. The brakes have an assembly known as brake pad that consists of the brake lining. It also includes the brake backing. Thus, these two parts make the brake pad together. The brake lining is a type of surface in this assembly of brakes and it is used in heavy-duty vehicles and shipping industry. It is used in dry brakes. The Non asbestos brake lining material is ideal for use in the brake assembly systems in different industries. It helps in having an effective braking.
Brake pads are a component of disc brakes used in automotive and other applications. Brake pads are composed of steel backing plates with friction material bound to the surface that faces the disc brake rotors.
Brake Pads are a very important part of Brake System, every time we brake; it is the pad which rubs against the rotating rotor to give the braking force for stopping the vehicle. As Brake Pads wear out with every braking they are one of the fastest moving replacement parts for vehicles.
Brake pads are a component of disc brakes used in automotive and other applications. Brake pads are steel backing plates with friction material bound to the surface that faces the disk brake rotor. Brake pads convert the kinetic energy of the car to thermal energy by friction. Two brake pads are contained in the brake caliper with their friction surfaces facing the rotor.
When the brakes are hydraulically applied, the caliper clamps or squeezes the two pads together into the spinning rotor to slow/stop the vehicle. When a brake pad is heated by contact with a rotor, it transfers small amounts of friction material to the disc, turning it dull gray. The brake pad and disc (both now with friction material), then “stick” to each other, providing the friction that stops the vehicle.
Brake Pads convert the motion of the car into heat when the brakes create pressure. The linings are made of materials that can produce powerful friction. In the case of drum brakes, the brake linings are called shoes that are placed inside a metal called a drum. When the brake pedals are pushed, friction is generated into the shoes and it resists rolling speed of the car. In disk brakes, the brake linings are called pads which are placed into a C-shaped metal named caliper. The caliper surrounds a disc named a rotor. When the brake pads are squeezed against the rotor, friction is created and the car stops.
In the working process of brakes, many disturbances can occur, two of them are brake locking and brake fading. When the brake linings generate friction to stop the car but the car doesn’t stop because the motion of the rolling car generates stronger friction, brake locking happens. In this case, the driver loses control of the car. In the case of brake fading, heating damages the brake system. Cars stop by converting the speed into heat but there is always a chance of overheating. When the friction created for stopping the car generates an excessive amount of heat then the brakes fail and the car doesn’t stop or slow down.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 1 MT/Day
Land & Building (5000 sq.mt.) Rs. 8.38 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 1.88 Cr
Working Capital for 2 Months Rs. 97 Lac
Total Capital Investment Rs. 11.60 Cr
Rate of Return 32%
Break Even Point 50%
- INTRODUCTION
- ANATOMY OF A BRAKE PAD
- FUNCTION
- TYPES OF BRAKE PADS
- 1. CERAMIC BRAKE PADS
- HERE ARE SOME ADVANTAGES OF USING CERAMIC BRAKE PADS:
- SOME OF THEIR DISADVANTAGES INCLUDE:
- 2. LOW-METALLIC BRAKE PADS
- 3. NON-METALLIC BRAKE PADS
- 4. NON-ASBESTOS ORGANIC (NAO) BRAKE PADS
- ADVANTAGES OF NAO BRAKE PADS INCLUDE:
- DISADVANTAGES INCLUDE:
- 5. SEMI-METALLIC BRAKE PADS
- ADVANTAGES OF CHOOSING SEMI-METALLIC BRAKE PADS INCLUDE:
- SOME OF THE DISADVANTAGES INCLUDE:
- BENEFITS OF BRAKE PADS
- PROPERTIES OF BRAKE PADS
- FRICTION LEVEL
- RESISTANCE TO HEAT FADE
- RECOVERY FROM FADE
- RESISTANCE TO WEAR
- RESISTANCE TO RUBBING SPEED
- RESISTANCE TO THE INTENSITY OF PRESSURE
- RESISTANCE TO WATER CONTAMINATION
- RESISTANCE TO MOISTURE SENSITIVITY
- FRICTION MATERIALS
- RAW MATERIAL FOR BRAKE PADS
- BRAKE PADS ARE A MIX OF FIVE TYPES OF MATERIALS:
- BINDER (MATRIX) MATERIALS
- ABRASIVE MATERIALS
- FRICTION PRODUCERS/MODIFIERS
- FILLERS, REINFORCEMENTS AND MISCELLANEOUS
- PRODUCT PHOTOGRAPHS
- A LIST OF 2W DISC BRAKE PAD
- USES AND APPLICATION OF BRAKE LINING
- B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
- PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM-BRAKE PAD
- MANUFACTURING PROCESS
- HOT PRESSING MACHINE
- OVEN CURING
- SURFACE GRINDING
- SCORCHING
- POWDER COATING
- GAS FLAME TREATMENT
- SHIM BONDING & PRESSING
- FINISHING ASSEMBLY OPERATION
- CODE PRINTING MACHINE
- DOCK AUDIT
- RAW MATERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS
- BINDER
- ABRASIVES
- FRICTION PRODUCERS / MODIFIERS
- FILLERS, REINFORCEMENTS, AND MISCELLANEOUS
- TESTING OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES FOR FRICTION MATERIALS
- MIX TESTING
- EQUIPMENT:
- MOISTURE TESTING
- EQUIPMENT:
- BACKPLATE ROUGHNESS TESTING
- EQUIPMENT:
- MATERIAL USED IN SHOT BLASTING:
- BACK PLATE GLUE THICKNESS
- EQUIPMENT:
- GOGAN HARDNESS TESTING
- EQUIPMENT:
- DENSITY & POROSITY
- EQUIPMENT:
- ACETONE EXTRACTION
- EQUIPMENT:
- SHEAR STRENGTH TESTING
- EQUIPMENT:
- POWDER COATING TESTING
- EQUIPMENT:
- SALT SPRAY TESTING
- EQUIPMENT:
- SHIM BONDING TESTING (T-PULL)
- EQUIPMENT:
- MACHINERY PHOTOGRAPHS
- BRAKE PAD
- ULTRASONIC CLEANING
- MULTI-FUNCTION MIXER
- AUTOMATIC MATERIAL MIXING SYSTEM
- BRAKE PAD FRICTION MATERIAL MIX MACHINE
- GLUING MACHINE
- POWDER COATING MACHINE
- DUST COLLECTING SYSTEM
- HOT OVEN MACHINE
- SCORCHING MACHINE
- RIVETING MACHINE
- SLOT AND CHAMFER MACHINE
- GRINDING MACHINE
- COMBINED GRINDING MACHINE
- 6 WORKTABLES HOT PRESS
- AIR COMPRESS MACHINE
- HOT PRESSING
- BONDING
- GRINDING
- RIVETING
- PACKING
- BRAKE PAD MARKET: OVERVIEW
- DRIVERS OF BRAKE PAD MARKET
- CHALLENGES FOR BRAKE PAD MARKET
- SEGMENTATION OF BRAKE PAD MARKET
- BRAKE PAD MARKET: REGIONAL ANALYSIS
- BRAKE PAD MARKET: COMPETITION LANDSCAPE
- MARKET TREND
- ASIA PACIFIC DOMINANCE
- MARKET OVERVIEW
- CUSTOMERS AND COMPETITORS
- CUSTOMERS
- MAJOR CUSTOMERS
- PLANT LAYOUT
- SUPPLIERS OF BRAKE PAD
- SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIAL
- SUPPLIERS OF SULPHUR POWDER
- SUPPLIERS OF MBTS
- SUPPLIERS OF CARBON BLACK
- SUPPLIERS OF FRICTION DUST
- SUPPLIERS OF CALCIUM CARBONATE
- SUPPLIERS OF ZINC OXIDE
- SUPPLIERS OF MICA POWDER
- SUPPLIERS OF NBR RUBER POWDER
- SUPPLIERS OF BARYTES POWDER
- SUPPLIERS OF PETROLIUM COKE
- SUPPLIERS OF ZINC STEARATE
- SUPPLIERS OF MINERAL/FIBRE WOOL
- SUPPLIERS OF ALUMINIUM OXIDE
- SUPPLIERS OF CHINA CLAY
- SUPPLIERS OF GLASS FIBRE
- SUPPLIERS OF HEXAMIN
- SUPPLIERS OF LIQUID RESIN RESOLE
- CHINA SUPPLIERS OF BRAKE PAD MAKING MACHINE
- GERMANY SUPPLIERS OF BRAKE PAD MAKING MACHINE
- SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY (INDIAN)
- SUPPLIERS OF DG SETS
- SUPPLIERS OF EOT CRANE
- SUPPLIERS OF POWER TRANSFORMERS
- SUPPLIERS OF ELECTRICAL PANEL
- SUPPLIERS OF ELECTRIC MOTOR
- SUPPLIERS OF COOLING TOWER
- SUPPLIERS OF EFFULENT TREATMENT PLANT (ETP PLANT)
- SUPPLIERS OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF AIR COMPRESSORS
- SUPPLIERS OF PLATFORM WEIGHING MACHINE
- SUPPLIERS OF MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF SHOT BLASTING MACHINE
- SUPPLIERS OF JIGS AND FIXTURE
- SUPPLIERS OF SUBMERSIBLE WATER PUMP
APPENDIX –
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
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