Dissolved Acetylene Gas and Bottling Plant of Industrial Compressed Oxygen, Medical Oxygen, Argon, Co2 and Nitrogen (Cap: 2082 M3/Day)

DISSOLVED ACETYLENE GAS AND BOTTLING PLANT OF INDUSTRIAL COMPRESSED OXYGEN, MEDICAL OXYGEN, ARGON, CO2 AND NITROGEN (CAP: 2082 M3/DAY)

[EIRI/EDPR/4485] J.C.: 2701XL

INTRODUCTION

Acetylene is a colourless inflammable gas obtained by the action of water on calcium carbide:

CaC2+2H2O-->C2H2+Ca(OH)2+30.4kg.-cal.

When pure, it has a slightly ethereal odour, but when produced from commercial calcium carbide, it has a distinct unpleasant odour due to the presence of traces of phosphene etc. In small quantities the gas is non-poisonous, but when present in concentrations of more than 40 per cent., it may produce asphyxiation. Acetylene dissolves in an equal volume of water. It is more soluble in organic solvents, especially in acetone. At ordinary pressure and 15o acetone absorbs 25 times its volume of acetylene. At 12 atm., it takes up 300 volumes and at 15 atm. nearly 375 vol. This property is made use of for the storage of acetylene in the dissolved state.

Acetylene is an endothermic compound, its heat of formation being nearly 50kg.-cal. g. mol. Both the gas (tc, 37o; Pc, 62 atm.) and the liquid (b.p.,83.6o) are highly explosive, particularly under pressure. The gas forms explosive mixtures with air. DIt burns with sufficient air, it gives a clear white light. Its molecular heat of combustion at standard pressure is 320 kg.-cal.g. mol. Its cal. val. is ca. 1500 B. Th. U./c.ft. Compared with 500 in the case of coal gas. The large amount of heat thus evolved is made use of in the oxy-acetylene flame.

Acetylene reacts with several elements and yields certain metallic derivatives, the chief of which is copper acetylide. It com bines with chlorine to form additive compounds, but in sunlight the reaction may reduced to ethylene and in the presence of mercury salts it is converted into acetaldehyde. In recent years, these reactions have assumed very great technical importance and form the basis for the synthetic production of numerous open chain organic compounds.

Industrial gases are gaseous materials that are manufactured for use in Industry. The principal gases provided are nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, hydrogen, helium and acetylene; although a huge variety of gases and mixtures are available in gas cylinders. The industry producing these gases is known as the industrial gases industry, which is seen as also encompassing the supply of equipment and technology to produce and use the gases. Their production is a part of the wider chemical Industry (where industrial gases are often seen as "specialty chemicals").

Industrial gases are used in a wide range of industries, which include oil and gas, petrochemicals, chemicals, power, mining, steelmaking, metals, environmental protection, medicine, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, food, water, fertilizers, nuclear power, electronics and aerospace. Industrial gas is sold to other industrial enterprises; typically comprising large orders to corporate industrial clients, covering a size range from building a process facility or pipeline down to cylinder gas supply.

Some trade scale business is done, typically through tied local agents who are supplied wholesale. This business covers the sale or hire of gas cylinders and associated equipment to tradesmen and occasionally the general public. This includes products such as balloon helium, dispensing gases for beer kegs, welding gases and welding equipment, LPG and medical oxygen.

Retail sales of small scale gas supply are not confined to just the industrial gas companies or their agents. A wide variety of hand-carried small gas containers, which may be called cylinders, bottles, cartridges, capsules or canisters are available to supply LPG, butane, propane, carbon dioxide or nitrous oxide. Examples are Whipped-cream chargers, powerlets, campingaz and sodastream.

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity            2082 M3/Day  

Land & Building (4000 sq.mt.)    Rs. 1.97 Cr    

Plant & Machinery                    Rs. 3.10 Cr 

Working Capital for 2 Months    Rs. 3.98 Cr 

Total Capital Investment          Rs. 10.34 Cr 

Rate of Return                          18%

Break Even Point                      64%

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

A: ACETYLENE

CARBON DIOXIDE

NITROGEN

ARGON

PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERISTICS

A: ACETYLENE

PROPERTIES OF CARBON DIOXIDE

PROPERTIES OF OXYGEN:

GRADE

HAZARD

PROPERTIES OF NITROGEN:

GRADES OF NITROGEN:

PROPERTIES OF ARGON

GRADES:

SHIPMENT:

USES AND APPLICATIONS

A. ACETYLENE GAS

CHEMICALS MANUFACTURING

STEEL MANUFACTURING & METAL FABRICATION

HEALTH CARE & MEDICAL

ELECTRONICS

FOOD & BEVERAGE

WATER TREATMENT

ACETYLENE

HYDROGEN

CARBON DIOXIDE

NITROGEN

OXYGEN

ARGON

BIS SPECIFICATION SPECIFICATIONS

A: ACETYLENE

INDIAN STANDARDS:

COMPOSITION OF AIR:

MARKET OVERVIEW OF ACETYLENE GAS

OVERVIEW OF INDUSTRIAL GASES

PROCESS DESCRIPTION OF DA [DISSOLVED ACETYLENE] GAS

SPECIAL FEATURES OF OXYPLANTS ACETYLENE GAS PLANT:

OPERATION CONDITION: SITE CONDITION

TECHNICAL DETAILS OF ACETYLENE MANUFACTURE

CHEMICAL REACTION AND RAW MATERIALS

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF ACETYLENE

REACTION

RAW MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS

PROCESS DESCRIPTION

WET PROCESS

DRY PROCESS

EQUIPMENT USED

PURITY, YIELD STORAGE

PROCESS CONDITIONS

STORAGE OF CALCIUM CARBIDE

DISSOLVED ACETYLENE

FLOW DIAGRAM OF ACETYLENE GAS

METHOD OF CYLINDER FILLING

DISTRIBUTIONS

FILLING

CRYOGENIC LIQUID DISTRBUTION METHOD

GAS PURITY MEASUREMENTS IN GAS BOTTLING PLANTS

TABLE- GAS BOTTLING PLANT GAS ANALYZER APPLICATIONS

HEALTH AND SAFETY FACTORS

PROCESS OF COMPRESSED GAS BOTTLING PLANT 

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM 

ADDRESSES OF PLANT AND MACHINERY

ADDRESSES OF RAW MATERIALS

LIST OF PLANT AND MACHINERY

ACETYLENE PLANT SPECIFICATION

LIST OF CONNECTED LOAD FOR ACETYLENE GAS PLANT: 50 M³/HR.

PRICE FOR ABOVE ACETYLENE GAS PLANT:

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)