Detailed Project Report on Polystyrene

POLYSTYRENE

[EIRI/EDPR/1028] J.C.: 9669

INTRODUCTION

Polystyrene (IUPAC poly(1-phenylethene-1,2-diyl)) also known as Thermocole, abbreviated following ISO Standard PS, is an aromatic polymer made from the monomer styrene, a liquid hydrocarbon that is manufactured from petroleum by the chemical industry. Polystyrene is one of the most widely used plastics, the scale being several billion kilograms per year.

Polystyrene is a thermoplastic substance, which is in solid (glassy) state at room temperature, but flows if heated above its glass transition temperature of about 100 °C (for molding or extrusion), and becomes solid again when cooled. Pure solid polystyrene is a colorless, hard plastic with limited flexibility. It can be cast into molds with fine detail. Polystyrene can be transparent or can be made to take on various colors.

Solid polystyrene is used, for example, in disposable cutlery, plastic models, CD and DVD cases, and smoke detector housings. Products made from foamed polystyrene are nearly ubiquitous, for example packing materials, insulation, and foam drink cups.

Polystyrene can be recycled, and has the number "6" as its recycling symbol. The increasing oil prices have increased the value of polystyrene for recycling. No known microorganism has yet been shown to biodegrade polystyrene, and it is often abundant as a form of pollution in the outdoor environment, particularly along shores and waterways especially in its low density cellular form.

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity            10 MT/Day  

Land & Building (25,000 sq.mt.)    Rs. 16.10 Cr    

Plant & Machinery                    Rs. 6.09 Cr 

Working Capital for 2 Months    Rs. 4.94 Cr 

Total Capital Investment          Rs. 27.86 Cr 

Rate of Return                          14%

Break Even Point                      67%

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

HISTORY

STRUCTURE

POLYMERIZATION

ATACTIC POLYSTYRENE

ISOTACTIC AND SYNDIOTACTIC POLYSTYRENE

DEGRADATION

FORMS PRODUCED

POLYSTYRENE IS USED IN SOME POLYMER-BONDED EXPLOSIVES:

SHEET OR MOLDED POLYSTYRENE

DISPOSABLE POLYSTYRENE RAZOR

FOAMS

EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE

EXTRUDED POLYSTYRENE FOAM

COPOLYMERS

ORIENTED POLYSTYRENE

DISPOSAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

RECYCLING

THE RESIN IDENTIFICATION CODE SYMBOL FOR POLYSTYRENE

INCINERATION

REDUCING

FINISHING

SOME ACCEPTABLE FINISHING MATERIALS ARE

FIRE HAZARDS

POLYSTYRENE USES AND APPLICATIONS

GLOBAL STYRENE MARKET

POLYSTYRENE FOAM

POLYURETHANE FOAM

RECONSTITUTED FOAM

POLYETHYLENE FOAM

WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT USES OF POLYSTYRENE?

MARKET SURVEY

POLYSTYRENE: OVERVIEW IN INDIA

PRODUCTION

IMPORTS & EXPORTS

INDUSTRY

USAGE

BUSINESS CONCERNS

KEY SUCCESS FACTORS

BUSINESS CONCERNS

FUTURE

FUTURE OUTLOOK

DEMAND DRIVERS

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING POLYSTYRENE

METHODS 1 TO 3 AND COMPARATIVE METHODS 1 TO 5

SOLUTION VISCOSITY:

METHOD 4

COMPARATIVE METHOD 6

POLYSTYRENE PROCESS

METHOD

HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYSTYRENE AND METHOD

METHOD 1

METHOD 2

METHOD 3

METHOD 4

PROCESS FOR MAKING POLYSTYRENE

MATERIALS

CATION GENERATOR

REACTOR VESSEL

SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

METHOD 1

TABLE 3

FIRE RETARDANT POLYSTYRENE

THE PRESENT METHOD PROVIDES A COMPOSITION COMPRISING

METHOD 1

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING-IMPACT POLYSTYRENE

THE PROCESS ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT METHOD MAKES IT POSSIBLE:

METHOD 1

TABLE 2

METHOD 3

APPARATUS FOR EXPANDABLE POLYSTYRENE (EPS) PELLETS

POLYSTYRENE BEADS

POLYSTYRENE PROCESSING APPARATUS AND METHOD

PLANT LAYOUT

POLYSTYRENE MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS SOUTH AFRICA

SOUTH AFRICAN POLYSTYRENE MANUFACTURERS

MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF POLYSTYRENE RESINS

MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF POLYSTYRENE POLYMERS

CHEMICAL PLANT MACHINES

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)