Detailed Project Report on e-rickshaws and e-scooter

E-RICKSHAWS AND E-SCOOTER

[CODE NO.4096]  

Electric rickshaws (also known as Tuk Tuk, e-rickshaw) have been becoming more popular in some cities since 2008 as an alternative to auto rickshaws and pulled rickshaw because of their low fuel cost, and less human effort compared to pulled rickshaws. They are being widely accepted as an alternative to Petrol/Diesel/CNG auto rickshaws. They are 3 wheels pulled by an electric motor ranging from 650-1400 Watts. They are mostly manufactured in China, only a few other countries manufacture these vehicles.

Battery-run rickshaws could be a low-emitter complementary transport for the low-income people, who suffer most from a lack of transport facility, if introduced in a systematic manner according to experts.

The electric automobile did not easily develop into a viable means of transportation. Research waned from 1920-1960 until environmental issues of pollution and diminishing natural resources reawakened the need of a more environmentally friendly means of transportation. Technologies that support a reliable battery and the weight of the needed number of batteries elevated the price of making an electric vehicle.[6] In 1837, Robert Davidson of Scotland appears to have been the builder of the first electric car, but it wasn't until the 1890s that electric cars were manufactured and sold in Europe and America. During the late 1890s, United States roads were populated by more electric automobiles than those with internal combustion engines.

E-Rickshaw is the most convenient and safe mode of local transportation of two or four passengers. E-rickshaw are commonly available in India and other parts under developed & developing countries for hiring on small rentals for limited time. Apart from E-Rickshaw, company will also make E-Rickshaw which can carry weight up to 300 kgs.

E-Rickshaw drivers will obtain licence through which he/she can drive E-rickshaw in city. The entire assembly and fabrication work for manufacturing E-Rickshaw performed in highly automatic plants.

Rims, Tyres, Brakes, Headlight, Taillight, Horn, Turning Lights & Traction Batteries, wire Harness, Throttle, Motor, & Controllers are purchased from the AIS approved companies. Whereas Company will make chasis & assemble the body parts alongwith painting & testing of the vehicle within the premises.

The components are made as per standard specifications and hence permit 100% inters changeability and the chasis is fabricated accordingly keeping the optimum ground clearance and other factors in view. Components are available in ready to use surface conditions. Automatic assembly-fixtures, working tools and testing equipments cover the range of installations. Normally the E-Rickshaw assembly unit with installed capacity around one lacks Nos. p.a., falls in a medium scale industry category. But a SSI-Unit can also be started with limited facilities like:-

E Rickshaws are three wheel battery operated vehicles, which are considered as an upgrade to conventional rickshaws, and economically better than auto rickshaws and other fuel variants, these rickshaws, since are battery powered have zero emission, and is often argued to be much better than other rickshaws as they are considered almost pollution free. E rickshaws are now fairly popular amongst Indian rickshaw drivers and has created new opportunities for people, as they require minimum investment to earn a living. They offer huge returns in less time, and are easy to operate and has low maintenance and running cost. A lot of variants are available these days, most of them started as low quality products and were imported from China. These days Indian e rickshaws have been developed offering a higher quality and better services at an equivalent cost. E rickshaws can provide a decent income since the battery charging cost is far lower than any other fuel, new material such as fibreglass has been introduced in them, since the material provides high strength, durability and lighter than metals.

Electric scooters are small vehicles that look like a cross between a bicycle and a motorcycle. Unlike gas-powered motorcycles, scooters are plugged in and run on electricity. The motor is connected to a battery that is recharged to allow the scooter to run.

Since these scooters are not able to get up to highway speeds, most municipalities do not allow them on the roads. However, scooters can typically be driven in bike lines and anywhere else that bicycles are allowed on the road.

As the electric scooter requires electricity to function, which will be stored in some type of rechargeable battery that is attached to the frame. Some of the most common type of batteries for scooters are lithium ion batteries, and sealed lead acid batteries.

How Electric Scooters Work

Electric scooters run on a battery that is recharged between rides. Batteries that are used in scooters are either lead acid or lithium ion types. These batteries are able to hold enough of a charge to allow a person to travel between 10 and 40 miles.

The motor of an electric scooter is mounted on the frame of the scooter. Electricity is transmitted from the battery to the motor through a series of wires. Depending on the type of scooter, this motor may make either just the back wheel or both wheels spin to propel the scooter forward.

The battery and motor combination only allows for top speeds of about 20 miles per hour, but safety is still a concern at these speeds. Anyone riding a scooter should purchase a sturdy helmet in case they are involved in a collision or fall while on the scooter. Helmets can help protect against head injury during an accident.

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity                                    60 Nos/Day

Land & Building (10,000 sq.mt.)  Rs. 5.50 Cr

Plant & Machinery                            Rs. 10.80 Cr

Working Capital for 2 Months            Rs. 19.43 Cr

Total Capital Investment                 Rs. 36.14 Cr

Rate of Return                                 42%

Break Even Point                             39%

• INTRODUCTION
• HOW ELECTRIC SCOOTERS WORK
• ELECTRIC SCOOTER PART
• (1) ELECTRIC SCOOTER HUB MOTOR
• (2) ELECTRIC SCOOTER WHEELS
• (3) ELECTRIC SCOOTER SOLID & INFLATED TIRES
• (4) ELECTRIC SCOOTER THROTTLE & CONTROLLERS
• (5) ELECTRIC SCOOTER BATTERY
• (6) ELECTRIC SCOOTER BRAKES
• (7) ELECTRIC SCOOTER CHARGERS
• OVERALL SPECIFICATION OF E-SCOOTER
• SPECIFICATIONS OF THE MOTOR CONTROLLER SYSTEM
• SPECIFICATIONS OF THE BATTERY/CHARGER
• SPECIFICATIONS OF THE BRAKING SYSTEM
• SPECIFICATIONS OF THE LIGHTING/INSTRUMENT/SWITCH
• ADVANTAGES-
• DISADVANTAGES-
• B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
• USES AND APPLICATIONS OF E -RICKSHAW
• ADVANTAGES OF E-RICKSHAWS
• MARKET OVERVIEW OF E-RICKSHAW
• BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES WITH E-RICKSHAW
• TERRA MOTORS EYES 30,000 E-RICKSHAWS SALES IN INDIA 
•     BY YEAR-END (2016-17)
• SAFETY AND SECURITY
• THREE-WHEELER FACEOFF
• FARE
• VEHICLE COST
• LAW
• SPEED
• SAFETY
• LICENCE
• ELECTRIC RICKSHAW FROM CHINA FOR INDIA AND BANGLADESH
• E-RICKSHAW LAW IN INDIA
• THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECT INTO CONSIDERATION
• BATTERY OPERATED E RICKSHAW IN DELHI
• 46% OF THESE MIGRATED FROM NORTHERN INDIA.
• APPROVAL, VERIFICATION AND AUTHORISATION
• FEATURES AND SPECIFICATION OF E-RICKSHAW
• FEATURES:
• SPECIFICATIONS:
• PRESENT MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF E-RICKSHAW
• GOVT LEGISLATIVE AND POLICY FOR E-RICKSHAW
• STATEMENT OF ISSUE
• FOLLOWING ISSUES NEED TO BE ADDRESSED THROUGH 
•     AN E-RICKSHAW POLICY:
• CPPR AND E-RICKSHAWS
• SUBSIDIES AND DETAILS OF GOVT APPROVAL FOR E-RICKSHAW
• CONTACT DETAILS
• REVIEW AND STUDY THE RULES AND REGULATION FOR E-RICKSHAW
• SCENARIO OF E-RICKSHAW
• SELECTIONS OF AREAS OF STUDY
• TABLE: COMPARATIVE COST ANALYSIS OF THE DIFFERENT TYPES 
•     OF RICKSHAWS IN DELHI
• CENTRAL MOTOR VEHICLES RULES,1989
• PARAMETER SELECTION
• SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
• TABLE PARAMETERS FOR THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC STUDY
• SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONCLUSIONS
• RESULTS OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC STUDY
• TABLE: RENTED RICKSHAWS
• TABLE: SELF-OWNED RICKSHAWS
• FIGURE: PREVIOUS PROFESSIONS OF THE BATTERY RICKSHAW DRIVERS
• TABLE: EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS OF DRIVERS
• DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF E-RICKSHAWS
• LESSONS FROM THE TRIPURA BATTERY OPERATED RICKSHAW 
•     RULES, 2014
• TECHNICAL STUDY FOR E-RICKSHAW
• TABLE: PARAMETERS FOR THE TECHNICAL STUDY
• CONCLUSIONS
• TABLE: RESULTS OF THE TECHNICAL STUDY
• KEY FINDINGS
• INDIAN MARKET OVERVIEW OF ELECTRIC SCOOTER AND MOTORCYCLE
• DEVELOPMENT IN E-BIKE MARKETING INDIA
• GLOBAL MARKET OF ELECTRIC SCOOTER AND MOTORCYCLE
• MARKET DYNAMICS:
• KEY MARKET PLAYERS
• MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF E-RICKSHAW
• PROCESS:-
• SUB ASSEMBLIES ARE:-
• PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING THROUGH FLOW SHEET
• WORKING OPERATED OF E-RICKSHAWS
• PROCESS FLOW CHART FOR ELECTRIC SCOOTER MANUFACTURE
• PRODUCTION PROCESS
• ASSEMBLING PROCESS
• ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS
• (1) HANDLE BAR
• (2) FRONT PANEL
• (3) FRONT WHEEL WITH DRUM BRAKE
• (4) FRONT WHEEL WITH DISK BREAK
• (4) STORAGE BOX
• (5) REARVIEW MIRRORS
• (6) BATTERY
• (1) FRONT WHEEL INSTALLATION:
• (2) HANDLEBARS INSTALLATION:
• (3) MIRRORS INSTALLATION:
• (4) PEDALS INSTALLATION:
• (5) REAR STORAGE TRUNK INSTALLATION:
• (6) THROTTLE & ACCESSORY CONTROL GRIP INSTALLATION:
• (7) SEAT INSTALLATION:
• (8) INSTALLATION OF REAR BRAKE:
• (9) TIRE INSTALLATION:
• WHEEL ADJUSTMENTS/MAINTANENCE:
• (10) DRIVE CHAIN INSTALLATION:
• CHECKING CHAIN TENSION:
• TIGHTEN DRIVE CHAIN:
• LOOSEN DRIVE CHAIN:
• (11) BATTERY INSTALLATION
• (12) INSTALLATION OF ADOPTER
• (13) TESTING OF ELECTRIC TWO WHEELER
• (PRODUCT TESTING) E-BIKE TEST PROCEDURE
• MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF ELECTRIC TWO WHEELERS
• EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
• 1. DEPRECIATION:
• 2. FIXED ASSETS:
• 3. WORKING CAPITAL:
• 4. BREAK-EVEN POINT:
• 5. OTHER FIXED EXPENSES:
• 6. MARGIN MONEY:
• 7. TERM LOANS:
• 8. TOTAL LOAD:
• 9. LAND AREA/MAN POWER RATIO:
• SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERY SUPPLIERS FOR E-RICKSHAW
• SUPPLIERS OF POWER PRESS
• SUPPLIERS OF POWER SHEARING MACHINE
• SUPPLIERS OF HYDRAULIC PRESS
• SUPPLIERS OF BENDING MACHINE
• SUPPLIERS OF WELDING EQUIPMENTS
• SUPPLIERS OF TESTING EQUIPMENT AND MACHINES
• SUPPLIERS OF POWDER COATING MACHINE
• SUPPLIERS OF MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
• SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS FOR E-RICKSHAW
• SUPPLIERS OF E-RICKSHAW SPARE PARTS
• SUPPLIERS OF CHASIS
• SUPPLIERS OF TRACTION BATTERY
• SUPPLIERS OF STEEL PIPE
• SUPPLIERS OF PICKLING CHEMICALS
• RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIERS FOR E-SCOOTER
• SUPPLIERS OF BLDC MOTOR
• SUPPLIERS OF MOTOR CONTROLLER
• SUPPLIERS OF LITHIUM- ION BATTERY
• SUPPLIERS OF TYRE
• SUPPLIERS OF WHEEL
• SUPPLIERS OF SPARES
• PLANT AND MACHINERY SUPPLIERS FOR ELECTRIC SCOOTER
• SUPPLIERS OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENTS
• SUPPLIERS OF AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENTS
• SUPPLIERS OF AIR COMPRESSORS
• SUPPLIERS OF MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
• SUPPLIERS OF FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENTS
• SUPPLIERS OF JIGS AND FIXTURE
• SUPPLIERS OF E-RICKSHAW AND E –SCOOTER CONVERSION KIT

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)