Detailed Project Report on vinyl acetate monomer from ethylene, acetic acid and oxygen

VINYL ACETATE MONOMER FROM ETHYLENE, ACETIC ACID AND OXYGEN

 [CODE NO.4342]  

Vinyl Acetate Monomer (also known as acetic acid ethenyl ester, acetic acid ethylene ether, acetoxyethene, 1-acetoxyethylene, ethenyl ethanoate, ethenyl acetate, and acetic acid vinyl ester) is a colourless mobile liquid with a pungent odour.  It has the formula CH3COOCH=CH2 and is a key raw material in the production of chemicals which are then used to manufacture a wide variety of consumer and industrial products.

 The main production method for vinyl acetate monomer is the reaction of ethylene and acetic acid with oxygen, in the presence of a palladium catalyst.  The VAM is recovered by condensation and scrubbing and is then purified by distillation.  A new manufacturing process, dubbed Leap, could offer large capital cost savings as a more efficient fluidised bed system replaces the fixed bed reactors currently in use.

The oldest means of manufacturing VAM is the addition of acetic acid to acetylene and this process is still used but not on a large scale.

Vinyl acetate monomer is stored in mild steel storage tanks and/or new or reconditioned steel drums and can be transported by bulk vessels or tank trucks.  It has a specific gravity of 0.933 and a flash point of -8° C (closed cup) and is highly flammable.  It should therefore be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area that is free from the risk of ignition.  For transportation purposes, it is classified as packing group II and hazard class 3 and it is an irritant.

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity                                666.67 MT/Day

Land & Building ( 60000 sq.mt.) Rs. 66.62 Cr

Plant & Machinery                         Rs. 399.35  Cr

Working Capital for 1 Month       Rs. 108.12 Cr

Total Capital Investment              Rs. 597.49 Cr

Rate of Return                                61%

Break Even Point                           33%

• INTRODUCTION
  
• PROPERTIES
• CONTAINERS & REGULATIONS:
• HAZARD:
• USES AND APPLICATION
• USE PATTERN:
• VINYL ACETATE MONOMER
• TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
• GENERAL DESCRIPTION
• TYPICAL PROPERTIES (1)
• CRITICAL DATA
• TYPICAL PROPERTIES (1) (CONTINUED)
• GLOBAL MARKET POSITION OF VINYL ACETATE MONOMER
• MARKET OPPORTUNITY:
• MARKET TENDS
• MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF VAM
• RAW MATERIAL
• TECHNOLOGY SOURCES:
• SEQUENCES IN VAM PROCESS
• ACETIC ACID EVAPORATION COLUMN
• REACTOR
• NON REACTIVE SUBSTANCE SEPARATOR
• ACETIC ACID RECOVERY COLUMN
• VAM REFINING COLUMN
• PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
• RAW MATERIAL CALCULATION
• REACTION
• RAW MATERIALS REQUIRED/MONTHS
• VAM PRODUCTION PROCESS
• PRODUCTION PROCESS USING ETHYLENE, ACETIC ACID AND OXYGEN
• REACTION SYSTEM
• THE REACTIONS THAT TAKE PLACE ARE:
• VAM DISTILLATION AND DEHYDRATION
• PRODUCTION DETAILS OF VINYL ACETATE MONOMER
• FIGURE: A SIMPLIFIED PROCESS SCHEME FOR THE PRODUCTION OF 
•    VINYL ACETATE MONOMER FROM A FATTY ACID OR TRIACYL 
•    GLYCERIDE-BASED OIL VIA NON-CATALYTIC CRACKING.
• PROCESS DESCRIPTION OF VAM USING ETHYLENE, ACETIC ACID 
•    AND OXYGEN
• [MAIN REACTION]
• [SIDE REACTION]
• TABLE: MATERIALS IN THE VAM PLANT
• PROCESS CONSTRAINTS
• FIG.: PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM OF THE VAM PLANT
• FIG.: START-UP OPERATION PROCEDURE OF THE VAM PLANT
• TECHNICAL ASPECT IN VAM MANUFACTURE
• FIGURE: VAM PRODUCTION PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM.
• REACTION SYSTEM
• THE REACTIONS THAT TAKE PLACE ARE:
• THE RATE LAW FOR THIS REACTION (1) IS GIVEN BY:
• VAM DISTILLATION AND DEHYDRATION
• UNIT OPERATION IN VAM MANUFACTURE
• THE FOLLOWING REACTIONS TAKE PLACE:
• FIGURE: VINYL ACETATE MONOMER PROCESS FLOWSHEET
• 1. CHEMICAL PRODUCT & MANUFACTURER’S DETAILS
• 2. CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
• 3. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION & HEALTH HAZARD
• 4. FIRST AID MEASURES
• EYE:
• SKIN:
• INHALATION:
• INGESTION:
• 5. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
• EXTINGUISHING MEDIA:
• SPECIAL FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURE:
• UNUSUAL FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD:
• 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
• 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE
• 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION
• 9. PHYSIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES & FIRE/ EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA
• 10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
• 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
• • ACUTE EFFECTS:
• • TARGET ORGANS:
• • TOXICITY:
• • CARCINOGENICITY:
• 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
• ECOTOXICITY:
• ENVIRONMENTAL FATE: THIS PRODUCT IS READILY BIODEGRADABLE
• 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATION
• 14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
• 15. REGULATORY INFORMATION
• EUROPEAN INFORMATION
• EC NO: 203-545-4
• US INFORMATION
• PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
• STORAGE LAYOUT:
• EQUIPMENT LAYOUT:
• SAFETY:
• PLANT EXPANSION:
• FLOOR SPACE:
• UTILITIES SERVICING:
• BUILDING:
• MATERIAL-HANDLING EQUIPMENT:
• RAILROADS AND ROADS:
• MAJOR PROVISIONS IN ROAD PLANNING FOR MULTIPURPOSE SERVICE ARE:
• PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
• PRIMARY FACTORS
• 1. RAW-MATERIAL SUPPLY:
• 2. MARKETS:
• 3. POWER AND FUEL SUPPLY:
• 4. WATER SUPPLY:
• 5. CLIMATE:
• SPECIFIC FACTORS
• 6. TRANSPORTATION:
• A. AVAILABILITY OF VARIOUS SERVICES AND PROJECTED RATES
• 7. WASTE DISPOSAL:
• 8. LABOR:
• 9. REGULATORY LAWS:
• 10. TAXES:
• 11. SITE CHARACTERISTICS:
• 12. COMMUNITY FACTORS:
• 13. VULNERABILITY TO WARTIME ATTACK:
• 14. FLOOD AND FIRE CONTROL:
• EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
• 1. DEPRECIATION:
• 2. FIXED ASSETS:
• 3. WORKING CAPITAL:
• 4. BREAK-EVEN POINT:
• 5. OTHER FIXED EXPENSES:
• 6. MARGIN MONEY:
• 7. TOTAL LOAD:
• 8. LAND AREA/MAN POWER RATIO:
• PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
• INTRODUCTION
• PROJECT HANDLING
• PROJECT SCHEDULING
• PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
• TIME SCHEDULE
• LICENCED CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND SERVICES
• SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
• SUPPLIERS OF REACTORS
• SUPPLIERS OF CONDENSER
• SUPPLIERS OF BOILERS
• SUPPLIERS OF STORAGE TANK
• SUPPLIERS OF LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS
• SUPPLIERS OF HEAT EXCHANGER
• SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)