Zinc Oxide Powder Manufacturing of Different Grades: Ceramic Grade 96%, Rubber Grade 94% etc. (Capacity: 12 MT/Day)

ZINC OXIDE POWDER MANUFACTURING OF DIFFERENT GRADES: CERAMIC GRADE 96%, RUBBER GRADE 94% ETC.

[EIRI/EDPR/4657] J.C.: 2874XL

Zinc oxide is an inorganic compound with the formula ZnO. ZnO is a white powder that is insoluble in water, and it is widely used as an additive in numerous materials and products including rubbers, plastics, ceramics, glass, cement, lubricants, paints, ointments, adhesives, sealants, pigments, foods, batteries, ferrites, fire retardants, and first-aid tapes. 

ZnO is a wide-bandgap semiconductor of the II-VI semiconductor group. The native doping of the semiconductor due to oxygen vacancies or zinc interstitials is n-type. This semiconductor has several favorable properties, including good transparency, high electron mobility, wide bandgap and strong room-temperature luminescence. Those properties are valuable in emerging applications for:  transparent electrodes in liquid crystal displays, energy-saving or heat-protecting windows, and electronics as thin-film transistors and light-emitting diodes.

Zinc compounds are numerous and are widely used. Perhaps most important is zinc oxide (ZnO), a versatile compound with many uses. Other zinc compounds include zinc chloride, used as  a wood  preservative, in soldering fluxes, as a mordant  in  dyeing textiles,  and in adhesives and cements; and zinc sulphide,  used in  making  lithopone, as well as television  screens  and  X-ray apparatus.

Organic accelerators almost always need activators to achieve the highest efficiency in sulphur vulcanization. The most important activator is zinc oxide, which is used in nearly every rubber compound. Zinc oxide is an effective   vulcanization activator of very fine particle size and suitable for rubber and latex products based on natural and synthetic polymers.

Zinc oxide is nearly insoluble in water, but soluble in acids or alkalis. It occurs as white hexagonal crystals or a white powder, commonly known in the industry as zinc white. Zinc white is used as a rubber ingredient and as a pigment in paints. Normally less opaque than lithopone, it remains white when exposed to hydrogen sulphide or ultraviolet light. It is also used as filler for rubber goods and in coatings for paper.

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity            12 MT/Day  

Land & Building (4000 sq.mt.)    Rs. 3.06 Cr    

Plant & Machinery                    Rs. 1.20 Cr 

Working Capital for 1 Month    Rs. 4.48 Cr 

Total Capital Investment          Rs. 9.01 Cr 

Rate of Return                          28%

Break Even Point                      53%

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

TYPICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF ZINC OXIDE

PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES

GRADES OF ZINC OXIDE:-

BIS SPECIFICATION

USES & APPLICATIONS

THE FOLLOWING ARE SOME OF MAJOR APPLICATIONS OF ZINC OXIDE:

ZINC OXIDE IN RUBBER

ZINC OXIDE IN SKIN CARE PRODUCTS

ZINC OXIDE IN AGRICULTURE

RUBBER MANUFACTURE

CERAMIC INDUSTRY

MEDICINE

CIGARETTE FILTERS

FOOD ADDITIVE

PIGMENT

UV ABSORBER

COATINGS

RUBBER

ACTIVATION

ACCELERATION

COMPOUND DESIGN

PRESERVATION OF LATEX

REINFORCEMENT

HEAT AND LIGHT STABILIZATION

TACK RETENTION

RUBBER-METAL BONDING

ADHESIVES, MASTICS, SEALANTS

PLASTICS

PAINTS

METAL-PROTECTIVE COATINGS

CIGARETTE FILTERS

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY

EXPOSURE LIMITS

EXPOSURE SOURCES AND CONTROL METHODS

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

RESPIRATORS MAY BE USED:

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

PERSONAL HYGIENE PROCEDURES

RAW MATERIALS

ZINC OXIDE WHITE SEAL

APPLICATIONS:

ZINC OXIDE [FRENCH PROCESS]

SPECIFICATION OF ZINC OXIDE FOR RUBBER INDUSTRY

ZINC OXIDE SPECIFICATIONS 99.5% CERAMIC GRADE

ZINC OXIDE SPECIFICATIONS 99.5% RUBBER GRADE

REQUIREMENTS OF ZINC OXIDE FOR RUBBER INDUSTRY

PROCESS OF ZINC OXIDE WHITE SEAL GRADE

ADVANTAGES OF FRENCH PROCESS

METHODS OF OBTAINING ZINC OXIDE

METALLURGICAL PROCESS

CHEMICAL PROCESSES

HANDLING & PRECAUTION OF ZINC OXIDE

STORAGE

SPILLS AND LEAKS

ZINC OXIDE MARKET ANALYSIS

ZINC OXIDE MARKET TRENDS

THE RUBBER AND TIRE INDUSTRY DOMINATE THE MARKET

MARKET OVERVIEW OF ZINC OXIDE

MANUFACTURING PROCESS/CHEMICAL REACTIONS/PROCESS FLOW

CHEMICAL REACTIONS

REACTION

PROCESS FLOW

ADDRESSES OF PLANT AND MACHINERY SUPPLIERS

ZINC MELTING FURNACE

JAW CRUSHER

ADDRESSES OF RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIERS

ENGINEERING DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

ETP FACILITY

ETP FLOW DIAGRAM (TYPICAL)

SEWAGE AND WASTE WATER EFFLUENT

STP FLOW DIAGRAM (TYPICAL)

PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT

STORAGE LAYOUT:

EQUIPMENT LAYOUT:

SAFETY:

PLANT EXPANSION:

FLOOR SPACE:

UTILITIES SERVICING:

BUILDING:

MATERIAL-HANDLING EQUIPMENT:

RAILROADS AND ROADS:

MAJOR PROVISIONS IN ROAD PLANNING FOR MULTIPURPOSE SERVICE ARE:

PLANT LOCATION FACTORS

PRIMARY FACTORS

1. RAW-MATERIAL SUPPLY:

2. MARKETS:

3. POWER AND FUEL SUPPLY:

4. WATER SUPPLY:

5. CLIMATE:

SPECIFIC FACTORS

6. TRANSPORTATION:

A. AVAILABILITY OF VARIOUS SERVICES AND PROJECTED RATES

7. WASTE DISPOSAL:

8. LABOR:

9. REGULATORY LAWS:

10. TAXES:

11. SITE CHARACTERISTICS:

12. COMMUNITY FACTORS:

13. VULNERABILITY TO WARTIME ATTACK:

14. FLOOD AND FIRE CONTROL:

EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT

1. DEPRECIATION:

2. FIXED ASSETS:

3. WORKING CAPITAL:

4. BREAK-EVEN POINT:

5. OTHER FIXED EXPENSES:

6. MARGIN MONEY:

7. TOTAL LOAD:

8. LAND AREA/MAN POWER RATIO:

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES

INTRODUCTION

PROJECT HANDLING

PROJECT SCHEDULING

PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE

TIME SCHEDULE

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

CONSTRUCTION PHASE

OPERATION PHASE

MITIGATION MEASURES (PROPOSED)

HSE REQUIREMENT

PROPOSED IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE

CONCLUSIONS

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)