Detailed Project Report on Agricultural Chemicals (Plant Growth Promoter and Plant Growth Regulator)

AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS (PLANT GROWTH PROMOTER AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR)

[EIRI/EDPR/1096] J.C: 9740

INTRODUCTION

The increasing pressure of population on the available land resources, necessitates higher agricultural productivity, which can be achieved through more intensive use of fertilizer nutrients. Fertilizer is generally defined as any material (organic or inorganic; natural or synthetic) which supplies one or more of the essential chemical elements to the plants. Broadly, sixteen elements have been identified as necessary for plant growth, of which nine are required in macro quantities and seven in micro quantities. 

The primary and secondary nutrients are required in 'macro quantities'. 'Primary nutrients' include nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P) and potassium(K). Indian soils are deficient in nitrogen and phosphorus. Hence, chemical fertilizers are used to meet the deficiency of these elements. For example, ammonium sulphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate,urea, etc are a source of nitrogen. Calcium(C), magnesium (Mg) and sulphur(S) are called 'secondary nutrients' and are required for plant growth in relatively smaller quantities than the primary nutrients. But, any deficiency of the secondary nutrients reduces the efficiency of primary nutrient by restricting the yield to low levels. Therefore, to obtain optimum results, crops have to be supplied with secondary nutrient in addition to primary nutrients. Iron, zinc, manganese, copper, boron, molybdenum and chlorine are a group of 'micronutrients' which are required by the plants in small quantities. Intensive cropping deplete all nutrients including micronutrients from the soil at a fast rate. Therefore selective use of micronutrients is necessary for increasing agricultural production. This can be possible by the use of Plant Growth Promoters and Plant Growth Regulators.

Among the major concerns in today's world are the pollution and contamination of soil by excessive and injudicious use of agrochemicals, as well as their detrimental effects to humans a burden borne, in particular, by agricultural workers and rural communities worldwide. Compelled to respond to concerns on both health and environmental grounds, governments all over the world are now switching from 'risk reduction' and 'safe use' procedures, to developing more environment-friendly alternatives of sustainable agricultural production such as the use of bio-fertilizers and bio-pesticides. 

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity            18 MT/Day

Land & Building (28,301 sq.mt.)    Rs. 34.46 Cr

Plant & Machinery                    Rs. 56.64 Cr

Working Capital for 3 Months    Rs. 1.14 Cr

Total Capital Investment          Rs. 2.15 Cr

Rate of Return                          64%

Break Even Point                      28%

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

USES & APPLICATION OF ORGANIC PLANT GROWTH PROMOTER

PLANT GROWTH PROMOTER/REGULATOR MARKET IN INDIA

TABLE I

TABLE II

TABLE III

NITROBENZENE

HUMIC COMPOUNDS

POTASSIUM HUMATE 85 FERTILIZER

SOLUBLE POTASSIUM HUMATE

SUPER POTASSIUM HUMATE

DRIP IRRIGATION:

AMMONIUM HUMATE GRANULAR

ORGANIC HUMIC FERTILIZERS

HUMIC ACID /FULVIC ACID

COMPACTED CLAY SOILS

ERODED SOILS

LIGHT SANDY SOILS

DRY SOILS

SALINISED SOILS

ACIDIC SOILS

ALKALINE SOILS

HUMIC ACID IS OFFERED IN THE FOLLOWING FORMS:

LIQUID HUMIC ACID BASED SOIL ENHANCER

AMINO PRODUCTS

AMINO ACID POWDER

AMINO ACID LIQUID

LIQUID AMINO PROTEIN

THE PRODUCTION OF FOLIC ACID

EXAMPLE 1

EXAMPLE 2

EXAMPLE 3

EXAMPLE 4

EXAMPLE 5

EXAMPLE 6

SILICON DIOXIDE

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SINGLE CRYSTAL OF SILICON

EXAMPLE 1

EXAMPLE 2

EXAMPLE 3

ENZYMES

FERMENTATION

SUBMERGED FERMENTATION

ADVANTAGES:

SOLID STATE FERMENTATION

VITAMINS

RAW MATERIALS

THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS

PRELIMINARY CHECK

PREBLENDING

WET GRANULATION

WEIGHING AND MIXING

ENCAPSULATING MACHINE

POLISHING AND INSPECTION

TABLETING

COATING

PACKAGING

QUALITY CONTROL

OTHER PLANT GROWTH PROMOTERS

EXAMPLE 1

EXAMPLE 2

EXAMPLE 3

PLANT GROWTH PROMOTER

EXAMPLE 1

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2

EXAMPLE 2

EXAMPLE 3

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 3

EXAMPLE 4

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 4

PLANT GROWTH PROMOTER & METHOD OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTION

EXAMPLES OF THE GROUP

EXAMPLES 1-10

EXAMPLES 22 AND 23

EXAMPLE 24

EXAMPLE 25

EXAMPLES 26-35

EXAMPLES 36-44

EXAMPLES 45-60

PLANT GROWTH PROMOTER

EXAMPLE 1 (GROWTH PROMOTION EFFECT ON EARLY VARIETY RADISH)

EXAMPLE 2 (GROWTH PROMOTION EFFECT ON POTATO WHEN SEED POTATOES WERE TREATED)

EXAMPLE 3 (GROWTH PROMOTION EFFECT ON POTATO WHEN SPRAYED DURING GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT STAGE)

EXAMPLE 4 (GROWTH PROMOTION EFFECT ON RICE WHEN RICE SEEDLINGS WERE SPRAYED)

EXAMPLE 5 (GROWTH PROMOTION EFFECT ON WHEAT WHEN WHEAT SEEDS WERE TREATED)

EXAMPLE 6 (GROWTH PROMOTION EFFECT ON WHEAT WHEN SPRAYED DURING GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT STAGE)

EXAMPLE 7 (GROWTH PROMOTION EFFECT ON STRAWBERRY WHEN SPRAYED DURING GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT STAGE)

EXAMPLE 8 (GROWTH PROMOTION EFFECT ON GRAPE WHEN SPRAYED ON FRUITS)

EXAMPLE 9 (GROWTH PROMOTION EFFECT ON COTTON WHEN COTTON SEEDS WERE TREATED)

EXAMPLE 10 (GROWTH PROMOTION EFFECT ON GRAMINEOUS WEED WHEN ITS SEEDS WERE TREATED)

EXAMPLE 11 (GROWTH PROMOTION EFFECT ON TOMATO WHEN SPRAYED DURING GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT STAGE)

EXAMPLE 12 (GROWTH PROMOTION EFFECT ON LILY)

EXAMPLE 13 (GROWTH PROMOTION EFFECT OF JASMONIC ACID DERIVATIVE AND BRASSINOSTEROID ON EARLY VARIETY RADISH WHEN SPRAYED DURING GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT STAGE)

EXAMPLE 14 (GROWTH PROMOTION EFFECT OF JASMONIC ACID DERIVATIVE AND BRASSINOSTEROID ON POTATO WHEN SEED POTATOES WERE TREATED)

EXAMPLE 15 (GROWTH PROMOTION EFFECT OF JASMONIC ACID DERIVATIVE AND BRASSINOSTEROID ON WHEAT WHEN WHEAT SEEDS WERE TREATED)

LIQUID COMPOSITION FOR PROMOTING PLANT GROWTH CONTAINING TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES

EXAMPLE 1

PREPARATION OF LIQUID COMPOSITION FOR PROMOTING PLANT GROWTH CONTAINING TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1

PREPARATION OF LIQUID COMPOSITION FOR PROMOTING PLANT GROWTH

TEST EXAMPLE 1

DISPERSION STABILITY TEST

1. TEST METHOD

2. TEST RESULTS

TEST EXAMPLE 2

MEASUREMENT OF DEGREE OF ABSORPTION OF THE INVENTIVE PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING COMPOSITION INTO PLANT FOLIAGE

TABLE 2

TEST EXAMPLE 3

TEST FOR EFFECTS OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING COMPOSITION IN RICE PLANTS

1. PREPARATION OF TEST MATERIALS

2. TEST METHOD

3. TEST RESULTS

TABLE 4

TABLE 5

TABLE 6

CONCENTRATED PLANT GROWTH PROMOTER COMPOSITION COMPRISING

N-6-BENZYLADENINE, AN ALCOHOL, AND A METAL HYDROXIDE

PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

PLANT GROWTH PROMOTER COMPOSITION COMPRISING N-6-BENZYLADENINE, AN ALCOHOL, AND A METAL HYDROXIDE

PLANT-ROOT GROWTH PROMOTING AGENT

EXAMPLE 1

PREPARATION OF POTTED STRAWBERRY SEEDLINGS

EXAMPLE 2

PREVENTION OF BEARING-ATTRIBUTED EXHAUSTION OF STRAWBERRIES

EXAMPLE 3

PREVENTION OF BEARING-ATTRIBUTED EXHAUSTION OF MELONS

EXAMPLE 4

INCREASE OF FLORAL BUDS OF LILIES

EXAMPLE 5

CULTIVATION OF BRASSICA RAPA VAR. PERVIDIS

EXAMPLE 6

PREVENTION OF DAMPING-OFF AND IMPROVEMENTS IN SWEETNESS DEGREE OF MELONS

EXAMPLE 7

CULTIVATION TEST (IN POTS) OF A CHRYSANTHEMUM CORONARIUM

(A) TESTING METHOD

(B) TESTING

(C) TEST RESULTS

EXAMPLE 8

CUCUMBERS

(A) TEST METHOD

(B) DESIGNING OF TEST PLOTS

(C) RESULTS

EXAMPLE 9 PEAS

MICROBIAL PLANT GROWTH PROMOTER

EXAMPLE 1

PREPARATION OF THE BACTERIAL CULTURE COMPONENT

PREPARATION OF THE ALGAL CULTURE COMPONENT

PREPARATION OF THE MICROBIAL PLANT GROWTH REGULATING COMPOSITION

EXAMPLE II

I. GREENHOUSE

II. GROWTH CHAMBER

EXAMPLE 3

PROCEDURE

TREATMENT 5--CONTROL; NO MICROBIAL COMPOSITION ADDED.

RESULTS

PLANT GROWTH MEDIUM

EXAMPLE 1

EXAMPLE 2

EXAMPLE 3

EXAMPLE 4

EXAMPLE 5

EXAMPLE 6

EXAMPLE 7

METHOD OF PROCESSING SEAWEED

EXAMPLES

EXAMPLE 1

EXAMPLE 2

EXAMPLE 3

EXAMPLE 4

EXAMPLE 5

EXAMPLE 6

PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

PLANT HORMONE

CHARACTERISTICS

CLASSES OF PLANT HORMONES

ABSCISIC ACID

AUXINS

CYTOKININS

ETHYLENE

GIBBERELLINS

OTHER KNOWN HORMONES

POTENTIAL MEDICAL APPLICATIONS

HORMONES AND PLANT PROPAGATION

SEED DORMANCY

PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

ISOXAZOLINE DERIVATIVES AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 1

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 2

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 3

SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 4

FORMULATION EXAMPLE 1 (DUST)

FORMULATION EXAMPLE 2 (WETTABLE POWDER)

FORMULATION EXAMPLE 3 (EMULSIFIABLE CONCENTRATE)

FORMULATION EXAMPLE 4 (DUST)

FORMULATION EXAMPLE 5 (WETTABLE POWDER)

FORMULATION EXAMPLE 7 (FLOWABLE PREPARATION)

TEST EXAMPLE 1

TEST EXAMPLE 2

TEST EXAMPLE 3

PLANT GROWTH REGULATING AGENTS

A. AQUEOUS COMPOSITIONS

(A) AQUEOUS COMPOSITIONS WITH BASES

(B) AQUEOUS COMPOSITIONS WITH ACIDS

B. WATER-SOLUBLE POWDER COMPOSITIONS

C. SOLID COMPOSITIONS

(A) SPRAY POWDER (WETTABLE POWDER)

(B) DUSTING AGENT

(C) GRANULATE

D. MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITIONS

(A) SPRAY DISPERSION COMPOSITION

EXAMPLE 1

EXAMPLE 2

EXAMPLE 3

EXAMPLE 4

EXAMPLE 6

PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

EXAMPLE 1

SPRING BARLEY, "VILLA" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 2

WINTER BARLEY, "BIRGIT" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 3

OATS, "FLAMINGSKRONE" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 4

OATS, "BORRUS" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 5

WINTER RYE, "CAROKURZ" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 6

WINTER RYE, "KUSTRO" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 7

INDIAN CORN, "LIMAC" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 8

WINTER BARLEY, "MIRRA" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 9

WINTER BARLEY, "OGRA" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 10

WINTER BARLEY, "DURA" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 11

SPRING RYE, "BEACON" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 13

WINTER RYE, "KUSTRO" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 14

SPRING RYE, "SOMRO" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 15

WINTER BARLEY, "AGO" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 16

GRASS OF THE PHLEUM PRATENSE, VAR. "HOLEA" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 17

GRASS OF THE FESTUCA PRATENSIS, VAR. "COSMOS 11" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 18

GRASS OF THE TRISETUM FLAVESCENS, VAR. "TRISETT 51" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 19

GRASS OF THE TRISETUM FLAVESCENS, "TRISETT 51" VARIETY

EXAMPLE 20

EXAMPLE 21

EXAMPLE 22

EXAMPLE 23

PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

PREPARATION OF THE COMPOUNDS

EXAMPLE I

EXAMPLE II

EXAMPLE III

EXAMPLE IV

EXAMPLE V

EXAMPLE VI

EXAMPLE VII

EXAMPLE VIII

EXAMPLE IX

PLANT GROWTH REGULATING COMPOSITIONS

EXAMPLE XX

PLANT GROWTH REGULATING EVALUATIONS

TEST A

TEST B

CYTOKININ OXIDASE

EXAMPLE 1

ISOLATION OF CKX1 & CHARACTERIZATION OF ITS ENCODING SEQUENCE

EXAMPLE 2

EXPRESSION OF CKX1 IN PICHIA PASTORIS

EXAMPLE 3

USE OF RECOMBINANT CYTOKININ OXIDASE IN A RAPID ASSAY METHOD FOR CYTOKININ

EXAMPLE 4

UNREGULATED AND REGULATED EXPRESSION OF CKX1 CONSTITUTIVELY AND IN THE ROOTS OF NICOTIANA TABACUM

GIBBERELLIC ACID

GIBBERELLINS

THE NATURE OF GIBBERELLINS

GIBBERELLIN HISTORY

FUNCTIONS OF GIBBERELLINS

PLANT GENES AFFECTING GIBBERELLIC ACID BIOSYNTHESIS

EXAMPLE 1

CLONING THE AN1 GENE

EXAMPLE 2

BASIS FOR SEMI-DWARFED NATURE OF AN1 PLANTS

EXAMPLE 3

AN1 TRANSCRIPT DISTRIBUTION

EXAMPLE 4

USE OF RECOMBINANT GENETIC METHODS TO AFFECT PLANT DEVELOPMENT

METHODS

PLANT MATERIAL

SOUTHERN ANALYSIS

CLONING PROTOCOL

CDNA LIBRARY SCREENING

RNA PREPARATION AND NORTHERN ANALYSIS

ANALYSIS OF ENT-KAURENE AND KAURENE SYNTHETASE ACTIVITY

PRODUCTION OF A TRANSGENIC PLANT

PLANT GROWTH PROMOTERS

PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

FOLIC ACID

ANIMED

PEL COAT FORMULATIONS

POLYSACCHARIDES

JASMONIC ACID

SILICON SALT

SUPREME SILICONES

AUROLAB

SHOVEN SILICONES

ORGANIC CHEMICALS

NUTAN CHEMICALS

NSC ORGANICS

BENZENE

CITRIC ACID

BOILERS

DG SETS

DISTILLATION COLUMNS

STORAGE TANK

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)