technology of bio-fuels (ethanol & biodiesel) (hand book)

TECHNOLOGY OF BIO-FUELS  (ETHANOL & BIO-DIESEL)


BIO-FUEL:FUTURE FUEL

Introduction
Bio-Fuel
Overview of Bio-Fuel
Production Processes of Bio-Fuel
Bio-diesel
Ethanol
Environmental & Legal Issues
Subsidies, Incentives, etc
Conclusion and Recommendation
Ethanol-its Prospects
Biodiesel
Jatropha curcassource of Biodiesel
Recommendations for Bio-Fuel

MARKETING STRATEGIES

Introduction
What is Bio-Mase?
What are Bio-Fuels?
Bio-Fuels from Waste
The Carbon Cycle  and Bio-Fuels
Scenario of Bio-Fuels
Bio-Fuel  Prduction and Growth
Growth
Bio-Mass Energy Today  and Tomorrow
Economic Benefits
Environmental Benefits
Potential Benefits of Bio-Fuels
Collaboration with Industry
Short Term
Mid Term
Long Term
Research to Market
Economics of Bio-Fuels
Resource Base Bio-Fuels
Biodiesel Markets in India
Future Bio Fuel Industry

TECHNOLOGY OF BIO-FUELS

Introduction
Advanced Bio-Fuel Technologies
The Fisher Tropsch (Ft) Process
Bio-oil (pyrolysis oil)
Hydro Thermal Upgrading (HTU)
Bio-Methanol
Dimethyl  ether (DME)
Bio-butanol
Bio-mass to Hydrogen
Biorefinery concept
Applications
FT diesel
Methanol
Biobutanol
Di-methyl ether
Bio-MTBE (Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether )
Bio-Oil
Bio-crude from HTU
Biofuel and Advanced Technologies
Indian Priorities

ETHANOL-A SUITABLE FUEL

Introduction
Objective
Design Challanges
Methodology
Experimental Setup
Bullet Engine Specification
Results and Discussions
Comparison Gasoline Vs E75 Vs E90
Safety of E90
Future or Ethanol
Conclusion

BIO-FUEL FOR RURAL EMPLOYMENT

Introduction
Objectives of the Study
Methodology
Limitation of the study
Results and Discussion

ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATION OF BIO-FUELS

Introduction
Factorsto be considered
Manufacturing of Alternative Fuels
Eco and National importance
Feed Stocks for Bio Diesel Production
Advantages for Bio-Fuels
Limitations of Bio-Fuels
Conclusion

BIO-FUEL RESOURCES OF ENERGY

Introduction
Rural Energy Scenario
Renewable Energy Status and Potential
Rajasthan: Renewable Energy Hub/Habitat
Role of Bio-Fuels in Rajasthan
Definition of Bio-Fuel Energy
Sources of Raw Material
Driving Forces of Development of Bio-Fuels
Advantages of Bio-Fuels as Energy Resources
Action Plane
Cooperative Movement for Bio-Fuel Resource Exploitation
Bio-Fuel as a Toof to remove indoor Pollution  

JATROPHA

Introduction
Biodiesel
Socio-Economic and Environemntal Consideration of using Biodiesel in the country
Carbon  Trading Potential

NETWORK OF JATROPHA OIL FOR BIODIESEL

Introduction
Biodiesel Production
Characters of Jatropha
The Supply chain Network
Service and Number of Facilities

POTENTIAL FOR BIODIESEL

Advantages of Biodiesel
Significant Benefits  of Biodiesel
Scope of Production of Biodiesel of India
Cultivation of Jatropha and other seeds in India
Bio-Fuel Policy inIndia
Commercial Production in India
Production Plans
Rising Crude Price
Biodiesel will have a pronounced impact on edible oil prices
Opportunities to Employment

PRODUCTION OF BIO-FUELS

Introduction
Biodiesel Production
Methods of Oil Extraction
Methods of biodiesel Production
Biending of Biodiesel  with Petro Diesel (Fossildiesel)
Benefits of Biodiesel
Cost Analysis (Industry Point of View)
Proposal for Success of Misson

BIOMASS ENERGY TECHNOLOGY

JATROPHA BASED BIO-DIESEL

Introduction
Jatropha Cultivation
Extraction and Trans Esterification
Conclusion

PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL

Raw Material and its Quality for the production of biodiesel
Work done in India
Lab Scale Projects
Plant for Trans Esterification of Vegetable Oils
Dimensions
How the Trans Exterification Process Works
Catalyst
Reclaiming Excess Methanol
Manufacturing Process for Biodiesel
First Stage
Second Stage
This is the Base Catalyzed Stage
Washing
Other uses of Biodiesel

BLENDING OF EASTERS AND DIESEL

STORAGE OF BIODIESEL

HANDLING OF BIODIESEL

ANALYSIS OF TECHNOLOGIES WITH  REFERENCE TO INDIAN RESOURCES AND REQUIREMENTS

PROPERTIES OF BIODIESEL

Density/Specific Gravity
Cetans Number
Viscosity
Distillation Characteristics
Flash Point
Cold Filter Plugging Point  (CFPP)
Pour Point
Cloud Point
Aromatics
Stability
Oxidation Stability
Thermal Stability
Storage Stability
Iodine Number and Polyunsaturated Methyl Ester
Free and Cold Glycerol
Mono Di and Triglycerides
Ester Content
Alkaline Matter
Total Contamination
Sulfur Content
Lubricity
Suifated Ash
Acid Number/Neutraliation Number
Water Content
Phosphorous Content
Methanol/Ethanol Content
Conradson Carbon
Residue

BIODIESEL PROJECT REPORT

Product Description and uses
Market Survey and Demand Supply Position
Manufacturing  Process Description
Biodiesel Process in Detail
Procedure
Quantity or Methanol to be used
Treatment of Liquid Effluents
Utilities Specification
Market and Selling Arrangements


GLYCERINE

General
Burning Glycerine
Separating the Glycerine
Separating Glycerine/FAS
Purifying Glycerine
Paintbrush Cleaner
Soap
Glop Soap
High Explosives
Heart Disease Drug
Love Potion
Sale Sweetener
Health Supplement
Other Uses
Disposal
Purification
Introduction
Description of the Plant
Bleaching Equipment
Performance and Consumption Indexes

CULTIVATION OF JATROPHA

Introduction


TYPES OF LANDS WHERE IT CAN GROW WITH ADVANTAGE  AND POTENTIAL OF PLANTATION

Clamatic Conditions
Soil
Pre Plantation Activities
Germination and Planting
Plantation
Maintanance of Soil
Maintanance of Plants
Fertilizes
Water Management
Plucking of Fruits

BIO GAS PLANT

Operation
Infrastructure Required
Construction of Bio-Gas Plant
Criteria for Bio-Gas Plant
Design of Bio-Gas Plant
Location of Bio-Gas Plant
Construction of Bio Gas Plant

BIODIESEL FROM ALGAE

Introduction
Cultivation
Harvesting
Froth Floation Process
Flocculation
Uttrasound Technique
Energy Production
Trans esterification of Algal Oil into Biodiesel
Why Microalgae Technology?

PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY FOR BIODIESEL FROM JATROPHA  SEEDS

Introduction
Jatropha Processing
Harvesting of Jatropha Fruit
Drying of Jatropha Fruit
Decapsultation of Jatropha Fruit
Storage and Vibility of Seed
Dehulling of Jatropha seed
Oil Extraction/Expression  from Jatropha Seed
Trans Esterification of Jatropha oil

TAPIOCA RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE OF BIO-FUEL FOR INDIA

Biomass Tapioca
Yield
Biochemical Constituents of Cassava (%)
Utility of the Project

PREPARATION OF BIODIESEL FROM JATROPHA CIRCUS

Introduction
Jatropha Curcus
Preparation of biodiesel by Tranesterfication of Jatropha Curcus
Test run Drive


BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM JATROPHA CIRCUS (SVO) OIL

Introduction
Characterization of the Jatropha Methyl Ester
Experimental Test Rig and Instrumentation
Results and Discussion

GASIFICATION OF BIOMASS AND WASTE

Introduction
Discription of the Process
Experimental Procedure
Process Temperature

BIODIESEL FROM USED SOYA OIL

Introduction
Biodiesel  Development and Characterization for use as a fuel in compression ignition engines
Biodiesel by Trans Esterification
Experimental Set up
Feasibility for Production of  Biodiesel from used oil
Driving towards the cleaner world

CHARACTERIZATION OF VEGETABLE OILS FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION

Introduction
Materials and Methods
Brief Outline of the Standard Methods
Results and Discussion

PROCESS OF BIODIESEL PRODUCION


Afternative Diesel Fuels
Triglyceride as Disel Fuels
Chemical Composition
Properties of Vegetable Oils as fuel
Utilization of Vegetable Oils as Fuels
Process of Biodiesel Production
Process Variables
Super Critical Methanol Trans Esterification
Performance of Biodiesel in Diesel Engine
Environmental Consideration
Economic Feasibility of Biodiesel
Institutions working on Biodiesel in India

LIQUID FUELS FROM BIOMASS AND URBAN WASTE

Introduction
Plant Size in Italian Conext
Basic Plant Configuration
Economic Analysiswith Different Design Solutions
Results

ETHANOL (BIO-FUEL) TECHNOLOGY

Introduction
Ethanol
Production
Advanages of Ethanol
Disadvantages of Ethanol
Operation and Performance
Indian Inititatives of Ethanol


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