Detailed Project Report on Chitosan (Food and Industrial Grade)

CHITOSAN (FOOD AND INDUSTRIAL GRADE)

[EIRI/EDPR/1670](J.C.488)

INTRODUCTION

Chitin is a white, hard, inelastic, nitrogenous, polysaccharide found in the outer skeleton of insects, crabs, shrimps and lobsters and in the internal structures of invertebrates. It is the second most abundant organic compound next to cellulose. It is a macro molecular linear polymer of_ (1-4) N acetyl D glucosamine and is insoluble in water and many organic solvents. Chitin itself has only a few applications; it acts more as a precursor of Chitosan, its most familiar derivative.

Chitosan is deacetylated chitin and is polymer of _(1-4) acetyl - D glucosamine. It has multifarious uses in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and medical industries. It is even considered as a wonder drug of the twenty-first century due to its versatile utility.

Chitin is a chemical compound belongs to glucosamine polysaccharide group categories. It contains about 7% nitrogen, and is structurally similar to cellulose.

It is the principal constituent of the shells of prawn fish, shrimps, crabs, lobsters, beetles and other sea fishes.  It is also found in some fungi, algal, and yeasts.

Wayback in 1811 it was discovered by a french botanist that the fibrous material in the shell of prawn is chitin which is a polymer of N-Acetyl glucosamine. But it was only in 1974 that the CIFT came out with a simple technology for extraction of chitin from prawn shell waste and its conversion to chitosan.

Food Grade Chitosan

Fish is a valuable and easily accessible source of food, rich in proteins. India has abundant marine and inland fish resources. It has a coast-line c. 4,667 km. long and a continental shelf 2,59,000 sq. km. or more in area, offering considerable scope for the establishment of fisheries. The Bay of Bengal  and the Arabian Sea abound in fishing grounds; gulfs  and bays all along the coast and a large number of islands with their mangrove swamps and coral reefs, are rich sources of marine fish.

Tidal estuarine waters in the mouths of large and perennial rivers, large brackish water lakes, backwaters, lagoons and swamps scattered along the entire coast-line, afford lucrative esuarine fisheries. Vast stretches of fresh water consisting of rivers, streams, lakes, reservoirs, tanks, ponds and paddy fields offer scope for inland fisheries. The principal rivers of  India, including  their  main  tributaries, have a total length of  c. 27,360 km. and the length of canals and irrigation chnnels is  c. 1,12,650 km. When added to other freshwater resources, the  total surface wuld run to several million acres of which not more  than a million acres are under fish culture. Most of these freshwater resources, though culturable, are at present lying fallow.

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity            250 Kg./Day

Land & Building (2000 sq.mt.)    Rs. 2.77 Cr

Plant & Machinery                    Rs. 1.06 Cr

Working Capital for 1 Months    Rs. 19.72 Lac

Total Capital Investment          Rs. 4.18 Cr

Rate of Return                          36%

Break Even Point                      48%

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS

USES AND APPLICATIONS

MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL USES

CHITIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS

B. I. S. SPECIFICATION

MARKET SURVEY

PRESENT MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS

FOREIGN PRODUCERS OF CHITOSAN

RAW MATERIALS

CHITIN CONTENTS OF SOME ORGANISMS

STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF CHITOSAN OLIGOSACCHARIDE

CHITOSAN OLIGOSACCHARIDE SERIES

PROPERTIES OF CHITOSAN OLIGOSACCHARIDES

BIOACTIVITY REACTION OF CHITOSAN AND CHITOSAN OLIGOSACCHARIDE

CHITOSAN OLIGOSACCHARIDE

USES AND APPLICATION OF CHITOSAN OLIGOSACCHARIDE

GRADES OF CHITOSAN OLIGOSACCHARIDE

OLIGOSACCHARIDES AS NATURAL FOOD PRESERVATIVES

MANUFACTURING PROCESS

PROCESS FLOWSHEET FOR MANUFACTURING OF CHITIN FROM PRAWN FISH SHELL WASTES

CHITOSAN MANUFACTURING FROM CHITIN

THE PROCESS

PROCESS FLOW SHEET DIAGRAM

DETAILED PROCESS (STEP BY STEP)

PRODUCTION PROCESS AND SYNTHESIS OF OLIGOSACCHARIDES

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM FOR CHITOSAN AND CHITOSAN OLIGOMERS (CHITOSAN OLIGOSACCHARIDE)

DEPROTEINIZATION OF CHITIN FROM SHRIMP HEAD WASTE

PRODUCTION METHOD OF CHITIN AND CHITOSAN FROM SHRIMP SHELL IN BATCH CULTURE OF LACTOBACILLUS PLANTARUM

SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY

SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS

PLANT LAYOUT

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)