Detailed Project Report on cupric chloride and cuprous chloride

CUPRIC CHLORIDE AND CUPROUS CHLORIDE [3609]

Copper chloride is the chemical compound with the chemical formula CuCl2. This is a light brown solid, which slowly absorbs moisture to form a blue-green dihydrate. The copper(II) chlorides are some of the most common copper(II) compounds, after copper sulfate. Both the anhydrous and the dihydrate forms occur naturally as the very rare minerals tolbachite and eriochalcite, respectively. Anhydrous CuCl2 adopts a distorted cadmium iodide structure. In this motif, the copper centers are octahedral. Most copper(II) compounds exhibit distortions from idealized octahedral geometry due to the Jahn-Teller effect, which in this case describes the localization of one d-electron into a molecular orbital that is strongly antibonding with respect to a pair of chloride ligands. In CuCl2•2H2O, the copper again adopts a highly distorted octahedral geometry, the Cu(II) centers being surrounded by two water ligands and four chloride ligands, which bridge asymmetrically to other Cu centers. Cupric chloride is also known as copper chloride having the formula cucl2. It is brown yellow powder which is hygroscopic in nature.  However, Cupric chloride Dihydrate is  green, deliquescent crystals, which are soluble in water and alcohol. The  field  of application of  cupric  chloride  encompasses pigments, isomerization and cracking catalyst, mordant  in  dyeing and printing fabrics, as wood preservative, disinfectant etc. However, Cupric chloride dihydrate Cucl2.2H2O is used in the preparation of copper oxychloride, as a pigment in  glass  and ceramics, as mordant in textile industry, etc. Biodiesel is defined by ASTM International as a fuel composed of monoalkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids derived from renewable vegetable oils or animal fats meeting the requirements of ASTM D6751 (ASTM 2008a). Vegetable oils and animal fats are principally composed of triacylglycerols (TAG) consisting of longchain fatty acids chemically bound to a glycerol (1,2,3 propanetriol) backbone. The chemical process by which biodiesel is prepared is known as the transesterification reaction, which involves a TAG reaction with a short-chain monohydric alcohol normally in the presence of a catalyst at elevated temperature to form fatty acid alkyl esters (FAAE) and glycerol. The conversion of TAG to biodiesel is a stepwise process whereby the alcohol initially reacts with TAG as the alkoxide anion to produce FAAE and diacylglycerols (DAG, reaction), which react further with alcohol (alkoxide) to liberate another molecule of FAAE and generate monoacylglyerols (MAG, reaction). Lastly, MAG undergo alcoholysis to yield glycerol and FAAE, with the combined FAAE collectively known as biodiesel. Three moles of biodiesel and one mole of glycerol are produced for every mole of TAG that undergoes complete conversion.

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity                           4 Ton/Day  
Land & Building (1500 sq.mt)     Rs. 91 Lac
Plant & Machinery                    Rs. 60 Lac
Working Capital for 2 Months   Rs. 4.32 Cr
Total Capital Investment          Rs. 5.94 Cr
Rate of Return                         31%
Break Even Point                     47%



INTRODUCTION    
USES & APPLICATIONS    
(A) CUPRIC CHLORIDE (CUCL2)    
ITS USES AND APPLICATIONS COMPRISES    
(B)  CUPRIC CHLORIDE DIHYDRATE (CUCL2.2H2O)    
ITS USES COMPRISE    
CU-CATALYST IN WACKER PROCESS    
THE OVERALL PROCESS     
CATALYST IN PRODUCTION OF CHLORINE    
OTHER ORGANIC SYNTHETIC APPLICATIONS    
NICHE USES    
FOR CUPROUS CHLORIDE    
IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS    
IN POLYMER CHEMISTRY    
PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS    
CUPRIC CHLORIDE (CUCL2)    
CUPRIC CHLORIDE DIHYDRATE (CUCL2.2H2O)    
GRADE OF CUPRIC CHLORIDE    
HAZARD    
HYDROLYSIS    
REDOX    
COORDINATION COMPLEXES    
SPECIFICATION OF CUPRIC CHLORIDE    
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION    
PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERISTICS CUPROUS CHLORIDE    
MARKET POTENTIAL OF CUPRIC CHLORIDE    
EXPORT OF CUPRIC CHLORIDE    
IMPORT OF CUPRIC CHLORIDE    
EXPORT CUPROUS CHLORIDE    
IMPORT CUPROUS CHLORIDE    
MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF CUPRIC CHLORIDE
   AND CUPROUS CHLORIDE    
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF CUPROUS & CUPRIC CHLORIDE    
CHEMICAL REACTION    
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM FOR CUPRIC CHLORIDE (DIHYDRATE)    
PROCESS FOR CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION OF CUPROUS CHLORIDE    
OTHER’S DERIVATION OF CUPRIC CHLORIDE    
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET FOR CUPRIC CHLORIDE    
CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION    
COMPOSITION AND INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS    
HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION    
FIRST AID MEASURES    
FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA    
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES    
HANDLING AND STORAGE    
EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION    
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES    
STABILITY AND REACTIVITY DATA    
TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION    
ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION    
DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS    
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET FOR CUPROUS CHLORIDE    
COMPOSITION AND INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS    
HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION    
FIRST AID MEASURES    
FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA    
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES    
HANDLING AND STORAGE    
EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION    
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES    
STABILITY AND REACTIVITY DATA    
TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION    
RAW MATERIALS CALCULATION    
CHEMICAL REACTION    
RAW MATERIAL CALCULATION    
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT    
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS    
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT    
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES    
PLANT LAYOUT    
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS    
LABORATORY CHEMICALS    
PACKAGING MATERIALS (HDPE WOVEN LAMINATED BAGS)    
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY    
REACTORS    
FLUIDIZED BED DRYERS    
CRYSTALLIZER    
CENTRIFUGE    
LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS    
MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS    
BOILERS    
STORAGE VESSEL    

APPENDIX – A:

01.    PLANT ECONOMICS    
02.    LAND & BUILDING     
03.    PLANT AND MACHINERY    
04.    OTHER FIXED ASSESTS    
05.    FIXED CAPITAL    
06.    RAW MATERIAL    
07.    SALARY AND WAGES    
08.    UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09.    TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL    
10.    TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT    
11.    COST OF PRODUCTION    
12.    TURN OVER/ANNUM    
13.    BREAK EVEN POINT     
14.    RESOURCES FOR FINANCE    
15.    INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS    
16.    DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS    
17.    PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS    
18.    PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)