Detailed Project Report on Diammonium Phosphate (DAP)

DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE (DAP)

[EIRI/EDPR/1779] J.C. 624

INTRODUCTION

Diammonium phosphate (DAP) (chemical formula (NH4)2HPO4, IUPAC name diammonium hydrogen phosphate) is one of a series of water-soluble ammonium phosphate salts that can be produced when ammonia reacts with phosphoric acid. Solid diammonium phosphate shows a dissociation pressure of ammonia as given by the following expression and equation:

(NH4)2HPO4(s) is in equilibrium with NH3(g) + NH4H2PO4(s)

log PmmHg = −3063 / T + 175 log T + 3.3

Where:

P = the resultant dissociation pressure of ammonia

T = absolute temperature (K)

At 100°C, the dissociation pressure of diammonium phosphate is approximately 5 mmHg.

DAP is used as a fertilizer. When applied as plant food, it temporarily increases the soil pH, but over a long term the treated ground becomes more acidic than before upon nitrification of the ammonium. It is incompatible with alkaline chemicals because its ammonium ion is more likely to convert to ammonia in a high-pH environment. The average pH in solution is 7.5–8. The typical formulation is 18-46-0 (18% N, 46% P2O5, 0% K2O).

DAP can be used as a fire retardant. It lowers the combustion temperature of the material, decreases maximum weight loss rates, and causes an increase in the production of residue or char.[6] These are important effects in fighting wildfires as lowering the pyrolysis temperature and increasing the amount of char formed reduces that amount of available fuel and can lead to the formation of a firebreak. It is the largest component of some popular commercial firefighting products.

DAP is also used as a yeast nutrient in winemaking and brewing mead; as an additive in some brands of cigarettes purportedly as a nicotine enhancer; to prevent afterglow in matches, in purifying sugar; as a Flux for soldering tin, copper, zinc and brass; and to control precipitation of alkali-soluble and acid-insoluble colloidal dyes on wool.

Diammonium phosphate (DAP) (chemical formula (NH4)2HPO4 )

It is one of a series of water-soluble ammonium phosphate salts which can be produced when ammonia reacts with phosphoric acid. DAP is used as a fertilizer and a fire retardant. When applied as plant food, it temporarily increases the soil pH (more basic), but over a long term the treated ground becomes more acidic than before upon nitrification of the ammonium. It is incompatible with alkaline chemicals because its ammonium ion is more likely to convert to ammonia in a high-pH environment.

Product containing diammonium phosphate as essential ingredient with small amount of mono ammonium phosphate Total nitrogen: x (18-21)% P2O5 soluble in neutral ammonium citrate and water: y (45-53)%

Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) is also known  as   Ammonium Phosphate   dibasic  (ammonium  phosphate  secondary   diammonium hydrogen phosphate) (NH4)2 HPO4.

Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) is a  high  analysis  fertlizer containing 18% by wt of ammonical nitrogen and 46% by wt of  P2O5 The  P2O5 present in Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) is  mostly  water soluble. It is white crystals or powder.

Diammonium Phosphate is used  all  over  India.   Imported Diammonium Phosphate is also used to meet the consumption  demand in  the  country. Diammonium Phosphate is  extensively  used  and account for about 60% of total P2O5 produced in the country.

For  a  long time solid ammonium phosphate  fertilizers  were produced  only in granular form in an integrated  neutralization-granulation  process.  This  is  still  the  case  for  DAP   but considerable  capacity  has existed for producing MAP  in  powder form.  This  product  is used as  a  intermediate  for  compound- fertilizer manufacture.

The  high  ammonium vapour  pressere  of  DAP  has  important consequences  for its industrial production. the same applies  to the pronounced maximum solubility of a mixture MAD and DAP at  an NIP molar ratio of 1.4 (eutectic mixture containing 17% water)

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity            75 MT/Day

Land & Building (5 Acres)    Rs. 11.30 Cr

Plant & Machinery                    Rs. 10.00 Cr

Working Capital for 3 Months    Rs. 33.29 Cr

Total Capital Investment          Rs. 55.31 Cr

Rate of Return                          25%

Break Even Point                      48%

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

USES & APPLICATIONS

OTHERS & APPLICATIONS OF DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE

PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS

GRADES OF DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE

FERTILIZER GRADE AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE FERTILIZER

B.I.S.SPECIFICATIONS

SPECIFICATIONS OF DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE

MARKET SURVEY

PRESENT MANUFACTURS/SUPPLIERS OF DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE

RAW MATERIALS

MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF DIAMMONUM PHOSPHATE

RAW MATERERIALS REQUIRMENTS

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

RAW MATERIALS REQUIRMENTS/DAY

MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE

FROM ROCK PHOSPHATE

PROCESS IN DETAILS

METHOD OF OPTIMIZATION OF DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE (DAP) PLANT

THE JACOBS SLURRY PROCESS

PLANT LAYOUT

COMPLETE PLANT SUPPLIERS

SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERY

SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATEERIALS

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)