Detailed Project Report on Essential Oils Manufacturing

ESSENTIAL OILS MANUFACTURING

[EIRI/EDPR/1682] J.C. 503

INTRODUCTION

Importance of using super critical fluid in extraction of essential oils from flower, herbs and spices.

In modern times interest is growing in solvents that are high pressure intermediate density super critical fluids. The solvent power of such fluids can be changed by varying the density and less energy is required to separate solute from solvent than with conventional vaporization of liquids.

Super critical fluid extraction is a hybrid unit operation utilizing the advantages of both distillation and liquid extraction. It has the benefit that slight changes is the temperature and pressure in the critical region cause extremely large changes is the solvent density and thus its dissolving power.

In comparison with conventional processes, SCF (Super Critical Fluid Extraction) offers considerable flexibility for an extractive flexibility for an extractive separation using the variables of pressure, temperature choice of solvent and additives called entrainers.

Heavy non-volatile substances dissolve in supercritical fluids (dense gases, compressed gases, super critical gases, high pressure gases), typically 2-7 orders of magnitude is excess of the amount based on the ideal gas low. This is due to the high density of the fluid, which can approach that of a liquid. Thus SCF offers both high solubility extraction based on the enhancement of vapour pressure and heavily complete solvent extract separation which is accomplished by reducing the solvent density to the gaseous state.

Essential oil also called etheral or volatile oils are volatile odoriferous bodies of an oily character derived mostly form vegetable sources. They occur in small concentrations in special cells, glands or ducts, either in one particular organ of the plant or distributed over many part e.g. leaves, barks, roots, flowers or fruits. Occasionally, they are present in combination with sugars, as glycosides, e.g. amyodalin in bitter almonds and sinigrin in mustard seeds and are liberated when the glycosides are hydrolyzed. Essential oils are insoluble in water, but freely soluble in alcohol, either, fatty oils and mineral oils.

They are commonly liquid at ordinary temperature and some of them deposit solid matters on standing most of the essential oils are optically active, are lighter than water and possess high refractive index. They are composed of a number of chemical compounds:- Hydrocarbons, Alcohols, Ethers, Aldehydes Ketones, Oxides and lactones etc.

M. Indica is found largely in the greater part of India upto an altitude of 1200 M. Its bark is dark colour and cracked. Its leaves are clustered near the ouds of the branches. It is coriaceous, pubescent when young almost glabrous when mature the flowers of this tree are dense fasciles near ends of branches. They may be small, calyx, corolla tubular and fleshy.

M. Indica is found in mixed deciduous forests, usually of a somewhat dry type, often growing on rocky and sandy soil and turning on the deccan trap. It is common throughout central India, Mumbai and Andhra Pradesh. It is also common in the drier type of sal forests in Madhya Pradesh. It is much planted in the plains of northern India and Deccon peninsula when forest land is cleared for cultivation, mahua trees are carefully preserved.

COST ESTIMATION

Land & Building (8000 sq.mt.)    Rs. 4.90 Cr

Plant & Machinery                    Rs. 2.50 Cr

Working Capital for 3 Months    Rs. 6.83 Cr

Total Capital Investment          Rs. 14.52 Cr

Rate of Return                          59%

Break Even Point                      29%

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

USES AND APPLICATIONS

PATCHOULI – A MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANT

FEATURES AND APPLICATION OF PATCHOULI OIL

PROPERTIES OF PATCHOULI OIL

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND PRECAUTION OF PATCHOULI OIL

B. I. S. SPECIFICATIONS

SPICE OIL MARKET POSITION

PRESENT MANUFACTURERS OF ESSENTIAL OIL

MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM FLOWERS, HERBS, SPICES BY SUPER CRITICAL FLUID (CARBON DIOXIDE)

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM FOR EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM FLOWERS USING SUPER CRITICAL FLUID METHOD

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM FOR EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL FLUID METHOD

PROCESS IN DETAILS FOR EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OIL

METHOD OF EXTRACTION OF PATCHOULI OIL

STEAM DISTILLATION OF PATCHOULI ESSENTIAL OIL

DIFFERENT METHODS FOR EXTRACTRACTING ESSENTIAL OIL

PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT

PLANT LOCATION FACTORS

EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES

ADDRESSES OF RAW MATERIALS SUPPLIERS

SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERIES

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)