Detailed Project Report on ice tube manufacturing

ICE TUBE MANUFACTURING
 [CODE NO. 3282]

Tube Ice: Tube ice, commonly called cylinder ice, is formed by freezing potable water on the inside of a series of vertical metal cylinders around which refrigerant is evaporating at a low temperature. When the cylinders are nearly full of ice, hot gas is used to loosen the ice from the cylinder walls. The ice falls downward and is broken into pieces by a spinning breaker bar or other apparatus. The ice is then usually fed up a screw conveyer or auger to a mechanical storage bin or "rake," where it is stored until it can be bagged or processed. Tube ice is recognizable from the trademark hole in the middle of each "tube." The density of tube ice in storage is approximately 32 lb/ft3 (0.41 kg/m3).
 
Because of the hot gas thawing system employed, tube ice is harvested wet. In order to deliver a superior product that does not freeze together, the ice should be refrozen, which dries the surface of the ice and prevents sticking together.  This may be accomplished through the use of a drying system or by placing in a cold room immediately after bagging.

Ice cube is a well known product and the commercial ice cube is made in the ice plant while the ice can be prepared at homes also in the refrigerators. Only the water is filled in trays and these trays are kept in refrigerators. After a certain period the water will freeze and ice cube can be obtained.  

The method of refrigeration of water into ice cube is almost similar on commercial  scale refrigeration are mostly used  for the production of ice cube. Medium and small scale freezing equipments are used in conjunction with the large capacity  refrigerators.  

Ice cube is  produced and marketed usually in the form of cubes which  may  be  either crystal-clear or opaque, the latter is considered to be inferior. The opaqueness is due to the presence of minute babbles of air released during the cooling process.  

The water employed for ice cube making should be preferably  free from dissolved  solids. formerly when steam was used as a source of powers for driving refrigeration  machines  the exhaust steam  was  condensed  after filtration and the distilled water so obtained was frozen into ice cube.  

 Electricity is now used for running refrigeration plants and economic  production  of clear ice cube from raw water  without  proof distillation has gained importance. Various methods of  treatment have  been developed for this purpose and it now possible to  use water containing dissolved solids up to 1300 p.p.m. to yield  ice cube of good marketable quality.

COST ESTIMATION

Plant  Capacity                                                  :       20.00 MT/day                   
land & Building (2000 Sq.Mtr)                        :       Rs. 2.47   Cr
Plant & Machinery                                             :       Rs. 1.22   Cr
Working Capital for 3 Months                         :       Rs. 48.98 Lacs
Total Capital Investment                                  :      Rs. 4.59   Cr
Rate of Return                                                    :     41%
Break Even Point                                               :      47%

INTRODUCTION                                            
PROPERTIES                                            
USES & APPLICATION OF TUBE ICE                            
USES AND APPLICATIONS                                    
B. I. S.  SPECIFICATION                                        
MARKET SURVEY                                            
TYPES OF ICE & REFRIGERANT                                
RANGES OF ICE CUBES                                    
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF ICE TUBE                        
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION & DESIGN PARAMETERS                
MANUFACTURE OF ICE CUBE                                
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM                                    
DESIGN & FABRICATION OF ICE CUBE MAKING MACHINE                
PLANT LAYOUT                                            
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT                                
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS                                    
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES                        
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERIES                            
            
        
APPENDIX – A:

 1.      COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS      
 2.      LAND & BUILDING                                      
 3.      PLANT AND MACHINERY                                  
 4.      FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT                             
 5.      RAW MATERIAL                                         
 6.      SALARY AND WAGES                                     
 7.      UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS                              
 8.      TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL                                
 9.      COST OF PRODUCTION                                   
10.      PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS                               
11.      BREAK EVEN POINT                                     
12.      RESOURCES OF FINANCE                           
13.      INTEREST CHART                                       
14.      DEPRECIATION CHART                                   
15.      CASH FLOW STATEMENT                                   
16.      PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET