Detailed Project Report on LIVE STOCK AND FARMING (INTEGRATED UNIT)

LIVE STOCK AND FARMING (INTEGRATED UNIT)
(Cow (Gir & Sahiwal) Dairy farm, Biogas production, Goat farming, Fish & Duck Farming, Desi chicken Rearing,
Resort, Function hall with Mini water park, Pomegranate farming, Banana farming & Vegetable farming)
[CODE NO.3197]  


Odisha has 13million Deshi (Non descript zebu) cattle yielding only @ 0.46 liters of milk (average) per day including 67000 Binjharpuri breed cattle in Jajpur district cows of which yield @ 4liters/day av. People rear zebu mainly for manure and work. On the other hand cattle cross- breeds! (actually meaning crossing of 2 breeds) has failed to be popular.

Yet we need to reach at least 5 times the present production 1350,000 MT (Ref. India Livestock Census; Basic A. H. Statistics 2006 Govt. of India) To boost up milk production in Odisha 5 breeds of Bos Taurus were introduced in sixties but farmers did not like to propagate exotic blood and the rapid disillusionment was seen in the dwindling Jersey & Holstein cross numbers after 1995 (Refer Livestock in Orissa: The Socio-Economic Perspective by M.P.G Kurup; page 46 ). Till date, in spite of vigorous, constant & unreasonable
effort by the Govt. to promote Jersey & Holstein as donor breeds, the exercise has not sustained.

5 reasons for promoting Gir as donor breed in Odisha:

1.    Milk yield at par with Jersey. Bullocks are good workers.
2.    Disease resistant & lesser breeding failures.
3.    Heat, Humidity & Drought tolerant.
4.    Indian, Intelligent yet docile.
5.    Ghee & Urine can be sold at high price.

The importance of milk in human diet especially for children and expectant and nursing matters is vital. To meet the demand of the increasing population milk production in India has to be increased upto about 64 million tones. It is neither possible nor desirable to increase the cattle and buffalo population to achieve this target. This can only be achieved by stepping up milk production of our bovine population by cross breeding of cows and use of improved cows and buffaloes.

Unlike rich countries like the U.K. and the U.S. dairying in India is a subsidiary occupation of almost all the farmers. More than 60 percent of the families involved in dairying belong  to the small or marginal farmers or even agricultural laborers. Thus the dairy cattle or buffalo rearing has vast scope for improving economic and in turn, the nutrational status of  such people mainly  coming from rural area.  This will also help in achieving  the balance between economic development of urban  and rural population.

The development and maintenance of a superior dairy herd can be a source of considerable pride and satisfaction. Success in dairy farming, like any professional achievement, does not come easily. It requires the very best of of anyone’s ability to properly manage, feed, and breed a good herd of cows.  The job discussions which follow present important factors involved in making a start in dairying.

COST ESTIMATION

Plant  Capacity                                                                 :       LIVE STOCK AND FARMING             
land & Building (50 Acres)                                             :    Rs. 5.82 Cr
Plant & Machinery                                                            :    Rs. 49.20 Lacs
Working Capital for 3 Months                                         :    Rs. 45.00 Lacs
Total Capital Investment                                                 :    Rs. 7.55  cr
Rate of Return                                                                   :    19%
Break Even Point                                                                :    58%

    
INTRODUCTION    
5 REASONS FOR PROMOTING GIR AS DONOR BREED IN ODISHA:    
TOGGENBURG:-    
ALPINE:-    
SAANEN:-    
ANGLO-NUBIAN:-    
ANGORA:-    
ROCKY MOUNTAIN GOAT:-    
ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION    
INDIAN STANDARDS    
STANDARDS OF DIFFERENT MILKS IN INDIA    
ADVANTAGES OF COMMERCIAL DAIRY COW FARMING    
COMPOSITION OF MILK    
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MILK OF DIFFERENT SPECIES    
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MILK OF INDIAN BREEDS    
THE DETAILED COMPOSITION OF MILK IS GIVEN IN TABLE    
SOME PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MILK    
BACTERIOLOGICAL STANDARDS OF RAW MILK    
CATTLE FEED:-    
SOME MORE FORMULATIONS ARE AS FOLLOWS: -G    
MARKET SURVEY    
INDIAN DAIRY INDUSTRY    
REFLECTING IN ENHANCED PROTEIN CONSUMPTION IN FORM OF DAIRY PRODUCTS IN INDIA.    
LOOKING BEYOND THE HORIZON    
LOOKING BEYOND THE HORIZON OPPORTUNITIES    
OVERVIEW OF FISHERIES IN ODISHA    
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES    
RATIONALE    
VISION 2020 & MISSION    
STATISTICAL PROFILE OF AGRICULTURE LIVESTOCK, DAIRYING AND
ALLIED IN ODISHA    
TABLE: NET STATE DOMESTIC PRODUCT (NSDP) AND PER CAPITA INCOME    
TABLE: VALUE OF OUTPUT: AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK    
TABLE: APPROVED PROJECT COST FOR DAIRYING UNDER RASHTRIYA
KRISHI VIKAS YOJANA (RKVY) IN ODISHA    
TABLE: APPROVED PROJECT COST FOR ANIMAL HUSBANDRY UNDER RASHTRIYA KRISHI VIKAS YOJANA (RKVY) IN ODISHA    
MILK PRODUCTION IN ODISHA    
PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE    
TABLE: YEAR-WISE IN-MILK BOVINE POPULATION, MILK YIELD AND MILK PRODUCTION    
PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE: ANIMAL POPULATION    
TABLE: YEAR AND DISTRICT-WISE IN-MILK BOINE POPULATION    
PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE: MILK PRODUCTION    
TABLE: YEAR AND DISTRICT-WISE TOTAL MILK PRODUCTION DENSITY    
SUPPLIERS OF CATTLES/DAIRY FARMERS    
METHOD OF DAIRY COW FARMING    
DAIRY COW BREEDS    
HOUSING    
FEEDING    
CARE & MANAGEMENT    
MILKING    
COOLING & STORING MILK    
FILTRATION    
HOMOGENIZATION    
CLARIFICATION    
PASTEURIZATION    
REFRIGERATION OR FREEZING SYSTEM    
TESTING    
PACKING    
PROCESS FLOW SHEET DIAGRAM FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HOMOGENIZED & PASTEURIZED MILK    
DETAILS AND CONSIDERATIONS SIROHI GOAT    
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS    
SIROHI GOAT | BREED PROFILE    
INDIAN BREEDS OF GOATS    
GOAT BREEDS IN INDIA:-    
BREEDING OF GOAT    
SCOPE FOR GOAT REARING    
AND IT’S NATIONAL IMPORTANCE    
FEEDS FOR GOATS    
SIROHI GOAT FARMING FOR MEAT PRODUCTION    85
GOAT FARM MANAGEMENT    
HOUSING (GOATS SHEDS):-    
DETECTION OF HEAT AND BREEDING:    
KID MANAGEMENT:-    
HEALTH:-    
TESTING:-    
FEEDING:-    
THE DAILY NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR AN ADULT GOAT IS SUMMARIZED BELOW:-    
WHILE COMPUTING RATION SCHEDULE FOLLOWING FACTORS WERE CONSIDERED.    
FEED SCHEDULE FOR GOATS    
GROWING STOCK:-    
FEEDING TO GOATS    
CROPPING PATTERN    
COMPOUNDING CHEAP CONCENTRATE MIXTURE:    
CARE TO NEWLY BORN KIDS    
FOLLOW FEEDING SCHEDULE AS GIVEN BELOW:-    
EASILY DIGESTIBLE FEED & MILK REPLACER TO KIDS    
CHEAP & LOOSE HOUSING FOR GOATS    
MAINTAINING PROPER & SIMPLE RECORDS    
DISEASES AND THEIR TREATMENTS    
VACCINATION AGAINST DISEASES    
CONTROL OF ECTOPARASITES    
PROTECTION FROM COLD DOUGHT    
FIRST-AID INSTRUMENTS AND MEDICINES FOR SMALL GOAT FARM    
MERITS OF THE GOBAR GAS (BIO GAS)    
THE MERITS OF THE BIO GAS ARE DESCRIBED BELOW:-    
TECHNICAL ASPECT:-    
(INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF GOBAR GAS PLANT)    
PRODUCTION    
LANDFILL GAS    
TECHNICAL    
MODELS OF BIO GAS PLANT    
DRUMLESS BIOGAS PLANT    
WORKING ON JANATA BIOGAS PLANT:-    
DESIGN DETAILS:-    
HEIGHT OF THE LOWER PART OF THE DIGESTER:-    
CONSTRUCTION OF A JANATA BIOGAS PLANT:-    
THE THICKNESS OF THE ARCH IS 115 MM.    
COMPOSITION OF BIO GAS    
PROBLEM WITH BIO GAS    
PROCESS OF BIO GAS PRODUCTION    
ROHU FISH AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS    
CHARACTERISTICS OF CATLA FISH    
HABITAL AND BIOLOGY OF MRIGAL    
HEALTH BENEFITS OF POMEGRANATE    
VARIETIES AND NAMES OF POMEGRANATE    
HEALTH BENEFITS OF CAPSICUM    
THE FOLLOWING ARE SOME OF THE HEALTH BENEFITS OF CAPSICUM.    
METHOD OF ROHU FISH FARMING    
METHOD OF CATLE FISH BREEDING & FARMING    
METHOD OF MRIGAL FISH FARMING    
FINGERLING PRODUCTION    
ONGROWING TECHNIQUES    
HARVESTING TECHNIQUES    
HANDLING AND PROCESSING    
FISH POND DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION    
FISH POND DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION    
LAND AREA    
WATER SUPPLY    
SOIL    
POND DESIGN AND LAYOUT    
SPECIFIC DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS    
QUANTITY OF WATER NEEDED    
STEPS TO POND CONSTRUCTION    
BUILDING YOUR POND    
MANAGEMENT GUIDE OF DUCKS FARMING    
BREEDS    
INCUBATION    
BROODING (0-4 WEEKS)    
REARING (15-16 WEEKS)    
ADULT STOCK (ABOVE 17 WEEKS OF AGE)    
WATER               
FEEDING    
SUGGESTED NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS FOR EGG & MEAT TYPE DUCK    
FEED SCALE FOR KHAKI CAMPBELL DUCK    
AVERAGE BODY WEIGHT AND FEED CONSUMPTION OF BROILER DUCKS
AT 6 WEEKS OF AGE    
POLLOWED AT C.P.D.O.(SR)    
CATCHNING AND HANDLING    
HEALTH COVER    
VACCINATION SCHEDULE    
VACCINE CAN BE OBTAINED FROM:-    
DO’S AND DON’TS IN VACCINATION    
IMPORTANT DISEASES OF DUCKS    
SOME OF THE COMMON DISEASES ARE:-    
DUCK VIRAL HEPATITIS    
DUCK CHOLERA    
BOTULISM    
PARASITES    
AFLATOXICOSIS    
PERFORMANCE CHART OF KHAKHI CAMPBELL (EGG TYPE)    
PERFORMANCE CHART OF VIGOVA SUPER-M (MEAT TYPE)    
DETAILS OF COUNTRY/DESI CHICKEN REARING    
MANAGEMENT AND HEALTH COVER:    
FARMING FEED:    
BROODING IN COUNTRY CHICKEN FARMING:    
PREPARATION OF POULTRY SHED/HOUSE:    
ONE DAY BEFORE ARRIVAL OF CHICKS:    
ON ARRIVAL OF CHICKS:    
FLOOR SPACE:    
RELATIVE HUMIDITY:    
VENTILATION:    
FEEDERS/DRINKERS:    
BEAK TRIMMING:    
GROWER MANAGEMENT:    
HOUSING:    
WATER RESTRICTIONS:    
DETAILS & METHOD OF POMEGRANATE FARMING    
INTERCULTURAL OPERATIONS IN POMEGRANATE CULTIVATION:    
SOIL, CLIMATE AND VARIETY OF BANANA    
SOIL FOR BANANA CULTIVATION:    
CLIMATE FOR BANANA:    
VARIETIES OF BANANA    
METHOD OF BANANA CULTIVATION    
AGRO CLIMATE & SOIL    
SOIL    
PLANTING MATERIAL    
PLANTING TIME    
NUTRIENTS REQUIRED BY BANANAS    
CROP GEOMETRY    
PLANTING METHOD    
FERTILIZING    
MULCH    
WEEDING    
WATER MANAGEMENT – FERTIGATION    
INTERCROP    
SPECIAL OPERATIONS    
PEST AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT    
HARVESTING    
STORAGE    
POST HARVEST HANDLING    
VARIETIES OF CAPSICUM    
CULTIVATION PROPAGATION    
AND OF PEST MANAGEMENT OF CAPSICUM    
PLANTING IN CAPSICUM CULTIVATION:    
CULTIVATION OF ONION    
CLIMATE:    
SOIL AND ITS PREPARATION:    
SEED RATE & TIME OF SOWING:    
LAYOUT & SPACING:    
MANURES & FERTILIZERS:    
INTERCULTURAL, WEEDING AND OTHER OPERATIONS:    
IRRIGATION:    
HARVESTING, CURING, YIELD AND STORAGE:    
BIO GAS PLANT    
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS    
CATTLE FEED    
STOCKISTS & DISTRIBUTION OF VETERINARY MEDICINES    
SUPPLIERS OF COWS (GIR AND SAHIWAL)    
SUPPLIERS OF FINGERLINGS    
SUPPLIERS OF DUCKLING    

APPENDIX – A:

 1.      COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS      
 2.      LAND & BUILDING                                      
 3.      PLANT AND MACHINERY                                  
 4.      FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT                             
 5.      RAW MATERIAL                                         
 6.      SALARY AND WAGES                                     
 7.      UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS                              
 8.      TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL                                
 9.      COST OF PRODUCTION                                   
10.      PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS                               
11.      BREAK EVEN POINT                                     
12.      RESOURCES OF FINANCE                           
13.      INTEREST CHART                                       
14.      DEPRECIATION CHART                                   
15.      CASH FLOW STATEMENT                                   
16.      PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET