Modern Technology Of Ceramic Products With Compositions (Hand Book)

The book Modern Technology of Ceramic Products with Compositions covers Introduction, Applications and Types, Process of Debinding Ceramic Products, Background of the Invention,  Zirconia Ceramic,  Porous Ceramic,  Processes for Making Ceramic Medical Devices, Dielectric Ceramic, Ceramic Electronic Element, and Multilayer Ceramic Capacitor,  Ceramic Lamp, Ceramic Burners, Ceramic Brick, Ceramic Monument, Synthesis process for Advanced Ceramics, Ceramic Tile Expansion Engine Housing, Ceramic Adhesive,Ceramic Fabric Reinforced Fiber, Glass Ceramic, Capacitor Single, Ceramic Fibers, Ceramic Fibre Blanket, Ceramic Fibre Board and Ceramic Fibre Rope, Ceramic Fuse Tube/Barrels used in HRC Fuse, Ceramic Hotel Ware Table Ware (Bone China), Ceramic Insulators (H.T.) 11 KVA & 100 KVA, Ceramic Porcelain Tiles, High Alumina Cement, High Alumina Refractory Brick Plant, Ceramic Tiles (Glazed) Double Firing/Heating, Porcelain Items Squat Pan, Shower Tray (Square and Triangular).

MODERN TECHNOLOGY OF CERAMIC PRODUCTS WITH COMPOSITIONS

INTRODUCTION, APPLICATIONS AND TYPES

• Types of ceramic products 
• Examples of whiteware ceramics
• Classification of technical ceramics
• Other applications of ceramics
• Types of ceramic materials 
• Crystalline ceramics
• Noncrystalline ceramics

PROCESS OF DEBINDING CERAMIC PRODUCTS 

• Removal of an organic binder from a ceramic prodeuct in differing environmetal conditions
• Mechanism in which the organic binder is broken at their inter carbon bonds by oxygen into cracked gas of a low molecular weight
• Mechanism in which the organic binder is broken at their inter carbon bonds in the presence of an inert gas into cracked gas of a high molecular weight
• First Embondiment
• Representation of changes in temperature and other environmental parameters generally seen in a prior debinding process of only controlling furnace temperature 
• Schematic view of a system configuration for debinding a ceramic product in accordance with a first embodiment of the present method 
• Second embondiment
• Schematic view of a system configuration for debinding a ceramic product in accordance with a second embodiment of the present method 
• Third embodiment
• Changes in temperature and other environmental parameters seen in the debinding process of the second embodiment 
• System configuration for debinding a ceramic product in accordance with a third embodiment of the present method
• Fourth embodiment
• Changes in temperature and other environmental parameters seen in the debinding process of the third embodiment
• Furnace utilized in a debinding process in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present method, the furnace provided with a device for monitoring light transmissivity of the cracked gas being generated from the ceramic product 
• Fifth embodiment
• Changes in several environmental parameters seen in the debinding process of the fourth embodiment
• Schematic view of a furnace utilized in a debinding process in accordance  with a fifth embodiment of the present method 
• Sixth embodiment
• Changes in several environmental parameters seen in the debinding process of the fifth embodiment
• Furnace utilized in a debinding process in accordance with a sixth embodiment of the present method 
• Relationship between monitored yellow deviation and debinded extent of the ceramic product
• Changes in several environmental parameters seen in the debinding process of the sixth embodiment

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

• Cross section of a device for applying the slip on an endless carrier and conveyor belt 
• Cross sectionla view of the end of the aforementioned conveyor belt and the front part of a drying oven 
• Cross sectional view of the rear part of the drying oven a kiln and a cooling oven following thereafter for receiving the baked  veneer

ZIRCONIA CERAMIC 

• Multi component powders annealed at various temperatures 
• Theoretical model of the evolution of microstructure and Zr/Ce distributions with darker grey scale indicating higher Ce concentration
• Thermal expansion curves for powders having various compositions for multi component powders consolidated by uniaxial pressing at 150 MPa with sintering being conducted at a heating/cooling rate of  300oC/hr and held for five hours at a temperature of 1150oC
• For each case, the multi component powders were consolidated using uniaxial pressing at 150 MPa
• For each case, the multicomponent powders were consolidated using uniaxial pressing at 150 MPa
• For each case, the multicomponent powders were consolidated using uniaxial pressing at 150 MPa. Sintering  was  conducted using a heating/cooling rate of 300oC/h and holding for five hours at 1150oC
• An SEM photograph of the fracture surface of a ceramic with a density of 6.23 g/cm3 obtained by sintering the green body of Fig 4.2 at a temperature of 1180oC for 8 hours
• Fracture toughness (KIC) versus Vickers hardness(HV) for a number of zirconia ceramics prepared through consolidation of multicomponent powders by uniaxial pressing at 150 MPa, followed by sintering at temperatures ranging between 1100 and 1200oC
• Methods
• Mechanical Testing 

POROUS CERAMIC

• Methods

PROCESSES FOR MAKING CERAMIC MEDICAL DEVICES 

• Methods 

DIELECTRIC CERAMIC, CERAMIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT, AND MULTILAYER CERAMIC CAPACITOR

• Cross sectional view schematically showing one embodiment of a multilayer ceramic capacitor as a ceramic  electronic element using the dielectric ceramic according to the present method
• Methods
• Electroceramics

CERAMIC LAMP

• Schematic cross section of an embodiment of a discharge lamp in accordance the invention
• Schematic cross section of another embodiment of a discharge lamp according to the invention
• Schematic depiction of an arrangement of a light irradiation heating device 
• Schematic cross section of a hermetically sealed portion of a lamp in which an intermediate layer is formed 
• Schematic cross section of another embodiment of a hermetically sealed portion of a lamp in which an intermediate layer is formed 
• Graph showing the concentration gradient of Dy2O3 in one example of the intermediate layer 
• An embodiment in which the diameter of the base part of the upholding part of the electrode is gradually reduced in the vicinity of the tip
• Schematic cross section showing the intermediate layer in the case in which the hole of the hermetically sealing body of electrically conductive cermet, in which the base part of the upholding part of the electrode is inserted, has a widened opening 
• Example in which the bottom  surface of the hole of the hermetically sealing body of electrically conductive cermet
• Embodiment 2
• Schematic cross section of a ceramic halogen lamp 
• Temperature cycle experiment
• Temperature load conditions 
• Schematic cross section of a conventional discharge lamp of ceramic 
• Table which represents the relation between the diameter of the upholding part of the electrode which is inserted into the hermetically sealing body of electrically conductive cermet, and the average coefficient of linear expansion of the electrically conductive cermet, and  the average coefficient of linear expansion of the electrically conductive cement and the upholding part of the electrode and the formation of cracks.
• Process for Evaluation of Reliability of the Hermetically Sealed Portions 
• Number of Samples 30
• Experments
• Experimental result 
• Action of the invention 

CERAMIC BURNERS

• Schematically a hot blast stove with a built in burner in a longitudunal section 
• Burner  at an enlarged scale
• Section according to line III-III 

CERAMIC BRICK 

• Fragmentary view showing a ceramic brick and a weldable insert in position for insertion into the insert receiving recess of the brick 
• Insert defomed within the recess and welded to a sheet steel substrate 
• Modification wherein the welding is accomplished through a hole in the substrate 
• Modification adapted for use with abrasion resistant wearplates approximately one quarter of an inch thick 
• Weldable insert of Fig 10.4 deformed and assembled with the ceramic wearplate 
• Modified thin walled wearplate and insert, wherein the insert is welded to a sheet steel substrate before being deformed into interlocking engagement with the brick
• Plane and sectional views respectively of a modification wherein the insert comprises multiple parts readily insertable into a recessed surface of the brick and  thereafter interlocked with the brick by being secured together
• Weldable insert comprising a pair of identical parts separately insertable into the recessed brick and  frictionally secured to each other to prevent accidental removal from the brick until welded together, one part of the  two part insert being shown by solid lines and the other part being illustrated by phantom lines. 
• Transverse sectional view taken in the direction of the arrows substantially along the line 10-10 of Fig. 10.9 showing both weldable parts of the insert assembled with the brick 
• A transverse sectional view taken in the direction of the arrows substantially along the line 11-11 of Fig. 10.9
• Plane view of another modification of a weldable insert
• Position for assembly with the ceramic brick 
• Ceramic brick and welded to a sheet steel substrate 
• A view similar to Fig. 10.1 illustrating a modification of a spring steel insert  resiliently deformable to enable assembly with a recessed ceramic brick and which after assembly resiliently returns to its undeformed shape to intertock with the brick 
• The resiliently yieldable insert partially deformed and immediately before being assembled with the brick
• Modification wherein one end of an insert is readily assembled within a recess at one end of an opening in the brick and wherein the opposite end of the insert frictionally engages an opposite end wall of the opening to maintain the assembled relationship temporarilly until the insert is welded to a substrate 
• Perspective view illustrating another modification of a resilently deforable spring steel insert and ceramic brick prior to their assembly
• Two stages in the process of elongating and assembly of the resiliently yieldable insert and brick
• Fragmentary sectional views through a molding apparatus, illustrating a sequence of operations to form a recessed brick embodying the present invention

CERAMIC MONUMENT

• Perspective view of one preferred embodiment of the monument structure of the invention 
• Top view of the monument depicted in
• Front view of the monument structure 
• Side view of the monument structure 
• Sectional view of the monument structure 
• Partial sectional view illustrating one preferred means of attaching the monument to the base 
• Perspective view of a flag holder which may be used on the structure 
• View of the flag holder 
• Sectional view of a plug used in the monument
• One preferred means of removing the monument from the base 
• Exploded view of the monument 
• Sectional view of eye bolt used with the monument 

SYNTHESIS PROCESS FOR ADVANCED CERAMICS 

• Block diagram illustrating the steps of the process of the invention
• Particles of a manganesezinc ferrite powder produced by spray decomposition of a solution containing a total metal ion concentration of 0.67 moles per liter of manganese, zinc and iron in the desired proportions
• Particles of a manganese zinc ferrite powder of the same nominal composition
• The x-ray diffraction pattern of the manganese zinc ferrite powder
• The x-ray diffraction pattern of the manganese zinc ferrite of Fig 12.3A after treatment at 900oC for five hours in an argon atmosphere
• The x-ray diffraction pattern of the manganese zinc ferrite powder
• The x-ray diffraction pattern of the manganese zinc ferrite 
• Photomicrograph at 500xmagnification of the microcrystalline structure of a prior art type manganese zinc ferrite ceramic formed from ferrite powder of nominal 10 um particle size produced by spray decomposition, which  material  was  directly compacted and then sintered at 1250oC for sixtenn hours in an argon atmosphere containing 0.3% oxygen
• Photomicrograph at 500+magnification of the microcrystalline structure of manganese zinc ferrite ceramic produced from nominal 3 um ferrite powder formed by spray decomposition, which material was first heated at 900oC for six hours in an argon atmosphere, then compacted, and finally sintered at 1100C for sixteen hours in argon containing 90 ppm of oxygen
• Photomicrograph at 500xmagnification of the microcrystalline structure of a typical commercial ferrite
• The manganese zinc ferrite ceramic and a plot of the percent change in magnetic permeability as a  function of time after a demagnetization event, illustrating both initial disaccommodation and later accommodation in permeability
• Ceramic Tile Expansion Engine Housing
• Fragmentary cross sectional view of one embodiment of the expandable ceramic tile engine housing of the invention showing the ceramic tile matrix used to form the ceramic engine housing 
• Cross sectional view of one type of ceramic tile, designated as a push tile, used in the ceramic tile matrix which forms the ceramic engine housing
• Cross sectional view of the other type of ceramic tile, designated as a pull tile, used in the ceramic tile matrix which forms the expandable engine housing
• Top view illustrating the interlocking configuration of the push tiles and pull tiles forming the matrix comprising the expandable ceramic tile engine housing
• Isometric view of a ceramic pull the 
• Vertical cross sectional view of the mechanism used toi retain a push tile in the ceramic  tile matrix in place with respect to the outer metal housing 
• Vertical cross sectional view of another embodiment of the invention wherein a  partition is used in the space between the outer metal support housing and the inner ceramic tile engine housing  to permit formation of pressure gradients to divide such space into two compartments when a modification of the ceramic engine housing is used for a dual rotor engine. 

CERAMIC ADHESIVE

• Examples
• Industrial Applicability 

CERAMIC FABRIC REINFORCED FIBER

• The steps of a preferred method for producing the reinforced ceramic composite according to the invention 
• Apparatus and use thereof for making a reinforced cylinder ceramic composite according to the present invention 
• Exemplary reinforced ceramic parts formed by the methods described herein 

GLASS CERAMIC 

• Ceramicization conditions and properties of glassceramics according to the invention and comparative glassceramics 
• Li,Na K and BaSIMS depth profiles of the glassceramic according to the invention

CAPACITOR SINGLE LAYER

• Manufacturing Process of Ceramic Capacitor
• Plant & Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

CERAMIC FIBERS, CERAMIC FIBRE BLANKET, CERAMIC FIBRE BOARD AND CERAMIC FIBRE ROPE 

• Plant & Machinery
• Flow Chart of Production Line 
• Fixed Capital 
• Raw Materials 
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum 

CERAMIC FUSE TUBE/BARRELS USED IN HRC FUSE 

• Plant & Machinery
• Fixed Capital 
• Raw Materials 
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum 

CERAMIC HOTEL WARE TABLE WARE (HONE CHINA)

• Plant & Machinery
• Fixed Capital 
• Raw Materials 
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum 

CERAMIC INSULATORS (H.T.) 11 KVA & 100 KVA

• Plant & Machinery
• Fixed Capital 
• Raw Materials 
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum 

CERAMIC PORCELAIN TILES 

• Plant & Machinery
• Fixed Capital 
• Raw Materials 
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum 

HIGH ALUMINA CEMENT

• Plant & Machinery
• Fixed Capital 
• Raw Materials 
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum 

HIGH ALUMINA REFRACTORY BRICK PLANT

• Plant & Machinery
• Fixed Capital 
• Raw Materials 
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum