Detailed Project Report on pigment colour for plastics

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PIGMENT COLOUR FOR PLASTICS

[CODE NO.3964]

Pigments are insoluble organic or inorganic particles added to the polymer base to give a specific color to the plastic. Pigments that are organic in nature are hard to disperse and tend to form agglomerates (clumps of pigment particles). These agglomerates can cause spots and specks in the final product.

On the other hand, inorganic pigments like: Metal oxides and sulphides, carbon black, etc. get more easily dispersed in the resin. Amongst the inorganic pigments titanium dioxide is the most widely used pigment in the plastics industry.

Pigments are used in the coloration of paints, printing inks, ceramics and plastics. They can be used on a much wider variety of substances than dyes because they are not reliant on water solubility for their application. A pigment is a finely divided solid which is essentially insoluble in its application medium. In most cases the pigment is added to a liquid medium e.g. wet paint or a molten thermoplastic. The medium is then allowed to solidify by solvent evaporation or cooling and so the pigment molecules become fixed mechanically in the solid state.

The chromophores used in pigments are usually the same as those used in dyes but the pigments are large molecules and do not have solubilising groups. They contain groups that form intermolecular bonds that help to reduce solubilities. The larger the molecule, the more opaque the pigment.

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity 2000 KG/ Day

Land & Building (1500 Sq.Mtr) Rs 1.73 Cr

Plant & Machinery Rs 60.00 Lac

Working Capital for 1 Month Rs 1.57 Cr

Total Capital Investment Rs.3.94 Cr

Rate of Return 37%

Break Even Point 54%

INTRODUCTION

C.I. PIGMENT YELLOW

C.I. PIGMENT BLUE

PERFORMANCE AND PROPERTIES OF PIGMENTS FOR PLASTICS

MAJOR PERFORMANCE PROPERTIES OF PIGMENTS FOR PLASTICS

ARE DECIDED BY THEIR:

1. WEATHERABILITY/AGING

2. LIGHT FASTNESS

PIGMENT SELECTION FOR INDOOR USE DEPENDS ON:

PIGMENT PERFORMANCE CAN ALSO BE INFLUENCED BY:

3. WARPING/NUCLEATION

THIS CAN RESULT IN:

4. TRANSPARENCY

EFFECT OF DISPERSION ON TRANSPARENCY

MEASUREMENT OF TRANSPARENCY

CATEGORIZATION OF PIGMENTS

PIGMENT FAMILIES ARE MAINLY CATEGORIZED INTO:

LET'S STUDY THEM DETAIL:

ORGANIC PIGMENTS

YELLOW PIGMENTS

ORANGE PIGMENTS

BROWN PIGMENTS

RED PIGMENTS

BLUE PIGMENTS

VIOLET PIGMENTS

GREEN PIGMENTS

INORGANIC PIGMENTS

YELLOW PIGMENTS

ORANGE PIGMENTS

BROWN PIGMENTS

RED PIGMENTS

BLUE PIGMENTS

VIOLET PIGMENTS

GREEN PIGMENTS

CARBON BLACK

WHITE PIGMENTS

PLASTICS COLORANTS

CLASSIFICATION OF COLORANTS

ROLE AND SOLUTION OF PLASTICS COLORANT

TYPE OF PLASTIC COLORANT

MASTER BATCH

COLORED PELLETS, COLORED COMPOUNDS

DRY COLOR

PASTE COLORS, LIQUID MASTER BATCH

MARKET OVERVIEW OF PIGMENTS

FORMULATION OF PIGMENT COLOURS FOR PLASTIC INDUSTRY

PIGMENT COLOUR (BLUE)

PIGMENT COLOUR (GREEN)

PIGMENT COLOUR (RED)

PIGMENT COLOUR (YELLOW)

PIGMENT COLOUR (BLACK)

MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF PIGMENT COLOUR FOR PLASTICS

PIGMENT PREPARATION FOR COLOURING POLYMERS

COLOR CONCENTRATE PRODUCTION CAN BE CARRIED OUT USING DIFFERENT METHODS:

ORGANIC PIGMENTS:

INORGANIC PIGMENTS:

THE CARRIER HAS AN OLIGOMER, A POLYMER OR A COMBINATION

OF BOTH FROM THE FOLLOWING GROUP:

AND PREFERABLY ONE OR MORE OF THE FOLLOWING POLYMERS:

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

PROCESSING SOLUTION FOR PIGMENT FOR PLASTICS

1. HEAT RESISTANCE

TYPICAL TEST METHODS USED TO RANK THE HEAT RESISTANCE

OF PIGMENTS IN PLASTICS POLYMERS ARE:

2. DISPERSION

MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF MASTERBATCH

(1) PREPARATION AND STIRRING

(2) EXTRUSION

(3) COOLING

(4) PELLETIZING

(5) PACKING

MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF PHTHALOCYANINE

PIGMENT MANUFACTURE

PIGMENTS GRADES

TYPES OF PHTHALOCYANINE BLUE

TYPES OF PHTHALOCYANINE GREEN

FLOW SHEET DIAGRAM FOR PHTHALOCYANINE BLUE & GREEN

SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY

SUPPLIERS OF AUTOCLAVE, OVENS, REFRIGERATORS,

BOD INCUBATORS & STERILIZERS

SUPPLIERS OF BOILERS

SUPPLIERS OF STAINLESS STEEL TANKS

SUPPLIERS OF DRYERS & DRYING OVENS

SUPPLIERS OF PULVERISER/GRINDER

SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS

APPENDIX – A:

1. COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS

2. LAND & BUILDING

3. PLANT AND MACHINERY

4. FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT

5. RAW MATERIAL

6. SALARY AND WAGES

7. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

8. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

9. COST OF PRODUCTION

10. PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS

11. BREAK EVEN POINT

12. RESOURCES OF FINANCE

13. INTEREST CHART

14. DEPRECIATION CHART

15. CASH FLOW STATEMENT

16. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET

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