Detailed Project Report on ro membrane

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Description
How to Start Business

RO MEMBRANE

[CODE NO.3974]

Reverse Osmosis is a process in which dissolved inorganic solids (such as salts) are removed from a solution (such as water). This is accomplished by household water pressure pushing the tap water through a semipermeable membrane.

Reverse Osmosis is a technology that is used to remove a large majority of contaminants from water by pushing the water under pressure through a semi-permeable membrane.

To understand the purpose and process of Reverse Osmosis you must first understand the naturally occurring process of Osmosis.

Osmosis is a naturally occurring phenomenon and one of the most important processes in nature. It is a process where a weaker saline solution will tend to migrate to a strong saline solution. Examples of osmosis are when plant roots absorb water from the soil and our kidneys absorb water from our blood.

Below is a diagram which shows how osmosis works. A solution that is less concentrated will have a natural tendency to migrate to a solution with a higher concentration. For example, if you had a container full of water with a low salt concentration and another container full of water with a high salt concentration and they were separated by a semi-permeable membrane, then the water with the lower salt concentration would begin to migrate towards the water container with the higher salt concentration.

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity : 1800 Nos/day

Land & Building (4047 Sq.MT) : Rs. 2.28 Cr

Plant & Machinery : Rs. 2.25 Cr

Working Capital for 2 Month : Rs 1.56 Cr

Total Capital Investment : Rs. 6.45 Cr

Rate of Return : 39%

Break Even Point : 56%

INTRODUCTION

STAGES OF FILTRATION

STORAGE TANK

TYPES OF MEMBRANE PROCESSES

(A) ULTRAFILTRATION

(B) MICROFILTRATION MICRO FILTRATION

RO IS ALSO KNOWN AS HYPERFILTRATION

TYPES OF REVERSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANE

(A) ASYMMETRIC MEMBRANE - CELLULOSE ACETATE (CA) MEMBRANE

MEMBRANE PREPARATION:

CELLULOSE ACETATE MEMBRANE FILTER APPLICATIONS

CELLULOSE ACETATE MEMBRANE FILTER SPECIFICATIONS

PERFORMANCE BY PORE SIZE

(B) THIN FILM COMPOSITE MEMBRAN:-

CONSTRUCTION

SPIRAL WOUND MODULE

CONSTRUCTION

HOW IT WORKS

DISADVANTAGES

ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGE

USES AND APPLICATION

B.I.S. SPECIFICATION

PROCESS FLOW CHART

MANUFACTURING PROCESS

MANUFACTURING OF FOR THIN FILM COMPOSITE MEMBRANE ELEMENT

RAW MATERIALS:

MANUFACTURING PROCESS

THERE ARE THE MAIN THREE STEPS FOR MAKING TFC MEMBRANE

THE TECHNOLOGY FOR PREPARATION OF COMPOSITE POLYAMIDE

REVERSE OSMOSIS (RO) MEMBRANE INVOLVES VARIOUS STEPS:

(1) PREPARATION OF CASTING SOLUTION (PSF SOL)

(2) PHASE INVERSION METHOD FOR PREPARATION SUPPORTING

MEMBRANE (LAYER) (CASTING PROCESS)

IMMERSION PRECIPITATION 31

FACTORS AFFECTING MEMBRANE STRUCTURE

(A) ADDITION OF SOLVENT TO THE COAGULATION BATH

(B) POLYMER CONCENTRATION

(D) EVAPORATION TIME

(E) PORE-FORMING ADDITIVES

MEMBRANE POST-TREATMENT

(A) ANNEALING

(B) CROSS LINKING

(3) PREPARATION OF POLYAMIDE ACTIVE LAYER (COATING PROCESS)

ON SUPPORT LAYER

COATING PROCESS

(A) DIP COATING

(B) INTERFACIAL POLYMERISATION

(4) ASSEMBLING PROCESS OF SPIRAL WOUND MEMBRANE CARTRIDGE

TESTING 39

HYDROSTATIC TEST

MARKING

PACKING

MARKET POSITION

GLOBAL MARKET TREND

KEY MARKET PLAYERS

PLANT LAYOUT

PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT

MAJOR PROVISIONS IN ROAD PLANNING FOR MULTIPURPOSE

SERVICE ARE:

PLANT LOCATION FACTORS

PRIMARY FACTORS

1. RAW-MATERIAL SUPPLY:

2. MARKETS:

3. POWER AND FUEL SUPPLY:

4. WATER SUPPLY:

5. CLIMATE:

6. TRANSPORTATION:

7. WASTE DISPOSAL:

8. LABOR:

9. REGULATORY LAWS:

10. TAXES:

11. SITE CHARACTERISTICS:

12. COMMUNITY FACTORS:

13. VULNERABILITY TO WARTIME ATTACK:

14. FLOOD AND FIRE CONTROL:

EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT

1. DEPRECIATION:

2. FIXED ASSETS:

3. WORKING CAPITAL:

4. BREAK-EVEN POINT:

5. OTHER FIXED EXPENSES:

6. MARGIN MONEY:

8. TOTAL LOAD:

9. LAND AREA/MAN POWER RATIO:

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES

INTRODUCTION

PROJECT HANDLING

PROJECT SCHEDULING

PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE

TIME SCHEDULE

SUPPLIERS OF TFC RO MEMBRANE

SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS

SUPPLIERS OF POLY SULPHONE

SUPPLIERS OF N-METHYL PYRROLIDONE

SUPPLIERS OF NON-WOVEN POLYSTER FABRIC

SUPPLIERS OF TRI METHYL CLORIDE

SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY

SUPPLIERS OF TFC RO MEMBRANE MAKING MACHINE

SUPPLIERS OF SPIRAL WOUND MEMBRANE ASSEMBLING PLANT

SUPPLIERS PF POLY SULPHONE CASTING AND COATING MACHINE

SUPPLIERS OF MEMBRANE LAB TEST EQUIPMENT

SUPPLIERS OF POWER TRANSFORMERS

SUPPLIERS OF ELECTRICAL PANEL

SUPPLIERS OF COOLING TOWER

SUPPLIERS OF EFFULENT TREATMENT PLANT (ETP PLANT)

SUPPLIERS OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENTS

SUPPLIERS OF AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENTS

SUPPLIERS OF AIR COMPRESSORS

SUPPLIERS OF PLATFORM WEIGHING MACHINE

SUPPLIERS OF MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS

SUPPLIERS OF FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENTS

SUPPLIERS OF JIGS AND FIXTURE

SUPPLIERS OF SUBMERSIBLE WATER PUMP

APPENDIX – A:

1. COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS

2. LAND & BUILDING

3. PLANT AND MACHINERY

4. FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT

5. RAW MATERIAL

6. SALARY AND WAGES

7. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

8. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

9. COST OF PRODUCTION

10. PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS

11. BREAK EVEN POINT

12. RESOURCES OF FINANCE

13. INTEREST CHART

14. DEPRECIATION CHART

15. CASH FLOW STATEMENT

16. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET

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