Detailed Project Report on Solar Water Heater (Domestic & Industrial)

SOLAR WATER HEATER (DOMESTIC & INDUSTRIAL)

[EIRI/EDPR/1572] J.C. 367INR, 1136US$

INTRODUCTION

A Solar Water Heater is a device which provides hot water for bathing, washing, cleaning, etc. using solar energy. It is generally installed at the terrace or where sunlight is available and heats water during day time which is stored in an insulated storage tank for use when required including mornings.

A Solar Water Heater comprises of a or an array of solar collectors to collect solar energy and an insulated tank to store hot water. Both are connected to each other. During the day time, water in solar collectors gets heated which is either pumped or flown automatically on thermosyphon principle to the storage tank. Hot water then stored in the tank can be used for various applications.

Two types of Solar Water Heaters are available; one based on flat plate collectors and the other based on evacuated tube collectors. Flat plate collector (FPC) based systems are of metallic type and have longer life as compared to Evacuated tube collector (ETC) based system because ETCs are made of glass which are of fragile in nature.

Both these systems are available with and without heat exchanger. They can also work with and without pump. Systems without pump are known as thermosyphon systems and those with pump are known as forced circulation systems.

ETC based systems are cheaper than FPC based system. They perform better in colder regions and avoid freezing problem during sub-zero temperature. FPC based systems also perform good with anti-freeze solution at sub zero temperature but their cost increases. In other regions, both perform equally good.

Systems working on thermosyphon principle are simple and relatively inexpensive. They are suitable for domestic and small institutional applications, provided water quality is good and it doesn’t have large chlorine contents. Forced circulation systems are generally preferred in industries or large establishments.

At places where water is hard and have larger chlorine content, if FPC based system is being installed, it must be with heat exchanger as it will avoid scale deposition in copper tubes of solar collectors which can block the flow of water as well reduce its thermal performance. ETC based systems will not block the flow of water but its performance may go down due to deposition of salt contents on inner surface of glass tubes, which could be cleaned easily once in a year or so.

The growing demand for energy throughout the world has caused great importance to be attached to the exploration of raw sources  that  have  been studied, solar energy  holds  out  much promise. The scientific basis for the utilization of solar energy by man was acquired some years ago, but until recently it was not considered technologically feasible to make use of it on a  large scale. However the energy crisis and the continued search in  the area  of solar energy, focused international attention on  recent advances in solar energy techniques which open up the prospect of supplying  in  a convenient and economical manner  a  significant part  of  man's  energy needs before the  end  of  this  century. Already in our country small scale applications are at work  and steadily gaining new markets.

Solar  radiant  energy  could  be  used  for  man's  use  by converting  it into a desirable form of energy either thermal  or electrical energy. For better utilization of solar energy  proper selection  of  energy converts, either solar  collects  or  solar cells  is  necessary  depending  upon  the  requirements.   Solar collectors are the heart of the solar energy into thermal energy. In  general,  conversion  of solar  radiant  energy  into  useful thermal  energy  can  be  made by a)  flat  plate  collectors  b) concentrators and c) evacuated tube collectors. Depending upon the application and required temperature range, any one of the  above collectors can be used.

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity            3 Nos/Day

Land & Building (1500 sq.mt.)    Rs. 1.53 Cr

Plant & Machinery                    Rs. 38.70 Lac

Working Capital for 2 Months    Rs. 1.47 Cr

Total Capital Investment          Rs. 3.65 Cr

Rate of Return                          32%

Break Even Point                      60%

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

PROPERTIES

USES AND APPLICATIONS

B.I.S. SPECIFICATION

MARKET POSITION OF SOLAR WATER HEATER

PRESENT MANUFACTURERS OF SOLAR WATER HEATER

QUALITY CONTROL FOR SOLAR WATER HEATER

MANUFACTURING PROCESS

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS

SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)