Detailed Project Report on sunflower oil with growing unit

SUNFLOWER OIL WITH GROWING UNIT
[CODE NO.3488]  


Sunflower is  generally  known  as  common  sunflower   and Botanically known as Helianthus annuus. It is an annual herb with erect,  rough, hairy stem, 2-15 ft. high; leaves 4-12  in.  long, alternate,  long  stalked,  broadly ovate  to  cordate,  coarsely toothed, roughly pubescent on both sides; flower heads usually 3-6  in.  wide, but attaining 12-24 in.  width  under  cultivation: glowers single or double, terminal on the main axis and branches: receptacles flat, more frequently dilated and convex: ray florets yellow, surrounding a brown purple centre of disc florets;  seeds (achenes) cylindrical, obovoid-compressed, 3/8 in. long and 4 in. broad,  white,  black or striped grey and black;  pappus  falling early.  Sunflower is self-sterile and fertilization  is  normally effected by insects.

H.  annuus is not known in the wild state. it is  considered to  have  originated from H. lenticularis Douglas, a  wild  plant indigenous  to  Mexico.  H.  annuus has long  been  grown  as  an ornamental plant and both annual and perennial types are found in gardens.  A  number of forms with single or  double  flowers,  in yellow,  golden and red shades have been developed  by  intensive breeding  work.  Some well-known horticultural  forms  are:  var. californicus Hort.; var. citrinus Hort.; var. globosus-fistulosus Hort.;  and  var.  variegatus Hort.  Selections  have  also  been obtained  from H. debilis Nutt. (syn. H. cucumerifolius  Torr.  & Gray), an annual, short-statured species with shining foliage and strongly  bicoloured  rays,  quite different  from  those  of  H. annuus.  A collarette form resembling collarette Dahlia has  been obtained  from  a  culture of red sunflower. There  are  also  on record hybrids obtained by crossing annual and perennial  species of helianthus.

Though  cultivated mainly as a garden plant, sunflower  owes its economic value to its utility as an oil-seed or fodder  crop. It was tried long ago as an oil-seed crop in Caucasus and Ukraine and has now become well established in Russia and the Balkans. In recent  years,  it has gained importance as an oil-seed  crop  in Argentina,  U.S.A. and Canada. Other countries where it is  grown to  some extent for oil are China, Turkey, Italy,  France,  Chile and  Uruguay;  it  is also raised on a small  scale  in  England, eastern and southern Africa and pars of Asia and Australia.

Sunflower oil is the non-volatile oil pressed from the seeds of sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Sunflower oil is commonly used in food as frying oil, and in cosmetic formulations as an emollient. The world's total production of sunflower oil in 2014 was nearly 16 million tons, with Ukraine and Russia as the largest producers.

Sunflower oil is a monounsaturated (MUFA)/polyunsaturated (PUFA) mixture of mostly oleic acid (omega-9)-linoleic acid (omega-6) group of oils. The oil content of the seed ranges from 22% to 36% (average, 28%): the kernel contains 45–55% oil. The expressed oil is of light amber color with a mild and pleasant flavor; refined oil is pale yellow. Refining losses are low and the oil has good keeping qualities with light tendency for flavor reversion. The oil contains appreciable quantities of vitamin E, sterols, squalene, and other aliphatic hydrocarbons.

Genome analysis and development of hybrid sunflowers to increase oil production are occurring to meet increased demand for sunflower oil.


COST ESTIMATION

Plant  Capacity                                                :    1,20,00,000 Ltrs/Annum                              
land & Building  (6667 Hectar)                    :    Rs. 4.90  Cr
Plant & Machinery                                           :    Rs. 6.00  Cr
Working Capital for 3 Months                       :    Rs. 10.93 Cr
Total Capital Investment                               :    Rs. 24.05 Cr
Rate of Return                                                :    47%
Break Even Point                                           :    35%


INTRODUCTION    
PROPERTIES OF SUNFLOWER OIL    
NUTRITION    
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES    
USES AND APPLICATION OF SUNFLOWER    
USES AND APPLICATION OF SUNFLOWER OIL    
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION    
IN FOOD PREPARATION    
SEED MEAL    
SUPPLEMENTS    
AS FUEL    
GLOBAL MARKET POSITION OF SUNFLOWER OIL    
MARKET TAXONOMY    
VARIETY OF SUNFLOWER    
METHOD OF SUNFLOWER GROWING    
CLIMATE    
SOIL    
SOWING    
SPACING    
SOWING DEPTH & METHOD    
SEED RATE    
SEED TREATMENT    
WEED CONTROL    
HARVESTING:    
POST HARVEST    
GROWING DETAILS OF SUNFLOWER    
SPECIFIC AREAS OF ADAPTATION:    
LENGTH OF GROWING SEASON:    
PLANTING DATES    
ROW WIDTH AND PLANT POPULATION    
CULTURAL PRACTICES    
FERTILIZER REQUIREMENTS    
TABLE. SOIL NITRATE AND FERTILIZER NITROGEN NEEDED
   TO PRODUCE PROJECTED YIELDS OF SUNFLOWERS.    
WATER-IRRIGATION NEEDS:    
GUIDE TO GROWING SUNFLOWER    
COMMON PROBLEMS GROWING SUNFLOWERS    
GROWING CONDITIONS    
PLANTING SUNFLOWER SEEDS    
PROTECTING SUNFLOWER SEEDLINGS    
THINNING THE SEEDLINGS AND SUPPORTING GROWTH    
UNDERSTANDING SUNFLOWER POLLINATION    
SUNFLOWER PESTS AND DISEASES    
PEST MANAGEMENT OF SUNFLOWER FARMING/GROWING    
MAJOR INSECT PESTS AND THEIR CONTROL    
INSECTS    
SUNFLOWER MOTH    
HOMOEOSOMA ELECTELLUM    
CARROT BEETLE    
BOTHYNUS GIBBOSUS    
MAJOR DISEASE PESTS AND THEIR CONTROL    
DISEASES    
DOWNY MILDEW    
CONTROL    
RUST    
CONTROL    
SCLEROTINIA STALK AND HEAD ROT    
CONTROL    60
VERTICILLIUM WILT    
CONTROL    61
PHOMA BLACK STEM    
CONTROL    62
ALTERNARIA LEAF AND STEM SPOT    
MINOR DISEASES    
SEPTORIA LEAF SPOT    
POWDERY MILDEW    
CHARCOAL ROT    
RHIZOPUS HEAD ROT    
MAJOR WEEDS AND THEIR CONTROL    
DRYING & STORAGE GUIDELINES FOR SUNFLOWER    
GUIDELINES FOR DRYING SUNFLOWER ARE:    
TABLE 3. DRYING OILSEED SUNFLOWER USING 47 DEGREES
    FAHRENHEIT AIR WITH A RELATIVE HUMIDITY OF 65 PERCENT.    
MEASURING MOISTURE CONTENT.    
STORAGE    
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF SUNFLOWER OIL PRODUCTION    
OIL-TYPE SUNFLOWER SEED IS NORMALLY PROCESSED ACCORDING
   TO THESE STEPS:    
CLEANING THE SEEDS    
GRINDING THE SEEDS:    
PRESSING    
EXTRACTION OF THE ADDITIONAL OIL    
REMOVAL OF SOLVENT TRACES    
REFINING OF THE OIL    
SUNFLOWER PROCESSING FOR OIL EXTRACTION    
EXTRACTION    
DESOLVENTIZING    
OIL REFINING AND PROCESSING    
SUNFLOWER SEEDS SELECTING    
PROCESS FEATURES    
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM OF REFINED SUNFLOWER OIL    
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM OF SUNFLOWER OIL    
DETAILS OF SUNFLOWER OIL EXTRACTION FOR SEEDS    
OIL PROCESSING    
OIL MODIFICATION    
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINER    
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINER (IMPORTED)    

                                  
        
APPENDIX – A:

 1.      COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS      
 2.      LAND & BUILDING                                      
 3.      PLANT AND MACHINERY                                  
 4.      FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT                             
 5.      RAW MATERIAL                                         
 6.      SALARY AND WAGES                                     
 7.      UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS                              
 8.      TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL                                
 9.      COST OF PRODUCTION                                   
10.      PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS                               
11.      BREAK EVEN POINT                                     
12.      RESOURCES OF FINANCE                           
13.      INTEREST CHART                                       
14.      DEPRECIATION CHART                                   
15.      CASH FLOW STATEMENT                                   
16.      PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET