Detailed Project Report on tea & coffee processing and packaging

 
TEA & COFFEE PROCESSING AND PACKAGING
[CODE NO. 2015]

The origin of tea is lost in ancient history, although legend dates it at about 2700 BC. The first generally accepted reference to tea is found in a Chinese dictionary from 350 AD which stated that the beverage was used as a medicine  for various ils . Tea achieved popularity in the west only during the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, although it was brought to Europe in 1559.The first public sale of tea in England was held in 1657. The beverage's popularity grew, and its trade became an economic mainstay. Today, tea is arguably the most popular beverage in the world.
Black and green tea is the two main types, defined by their respective manufacturing techniques. Green tea is consumed mostly in Japan, China, North Africa and the Middle East; the remainder of the world uses black tea. Oolong tea, found in sorne regions of China, is an intermediate variant between black and green tea. Black and Green teas as lightly flavoured with other botanicals are sometimes seen; these include jasmine tea, scented with jasmine blossoms, and Earl Grey tea, flavoured with bergamot, a type of citrus fruit as lightly flavoured with other botanicals are sometimes seen; these include jasmine tea, scented with jasmine blossoms, and Earl Grey tea, flavoured with bergamot, a type of citrus fruit.
Tea is cultivated primarily in the Asian countries, and world's largest producers of tea are India, Sri Lanka, and China. In China, tea has been grown since the earliest times and the plant is native to this country.
The botanical name Camellia sinensis refers to the tea plant. However, the plant has a many different varieties, or subspecies which are also cultivated and used in a similar manner. At one time in history, there was significant confusion over whether one or more species of the tea plant existed in nature. However, this issue was cleared up in 1958, when a botanical international agreement was reached and now the prevailing classification is of one species having several varieties or subspecies, among these varieties, at least two types have very important commercial impact.

The tea plant is similar to the coffee plant, in that it is an evergreen tree or bush which grows chiefly in the tropics or in subtropical regions of the world. Tea plants require regular but moderate rainfall and the best teas grow in areas with elevated altitudes lying between 2,000 and 6,500 feet. The Assam tea is commercially the most cultivated of all varieties, the Assam tea, or var. assamica, has this distinction because it thrives best in tropical areas and has low resistance to cold climes. Yielding lower quantities of tea when compared to the Assam tea, the China tea, or var. sinensis, however is considered to produces a much more delicately flavored beverage and it is prized for this reason. The Chinese variety is also able to withstand much colder temperatures than the Assam variety at least for brief periods and thus can be grown at higher altitudes. Tea cultivation also reached the new world, during the 1800s, the China tea variety was cultivated as a major plant in the state of South Carolina, however, high labor costs made the plantations economically unsound and such attempts were abandoned. The plants still survive in this area to this day, though not cultivated in any large scale or commercially.

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity                                            4.00 MT./day                        
Land & Building (5000 Sq.Mtr)                   Rs.5.28 Cr
Plant & Machinery                                      Rs.1.84 Cr
W.C. for 2 Months                                      Rs. 6.59 Cr
Total Capital Investment                             Rs. 14.26 Cr
Rate of Return                                           67%
Break Even Point                                       26%


INTRODUCTION    
PROPERTIES    
TEA GROWING AND PROCESSING:-    
APPLICATION & USES OF TEA EXTRACT    
EXTRACTION AND ISOLATION OF CAFFEINE FROM TEA LEAVES    
FIGURE 3. STRUCTURE OF CELLULOSE.    
PROTEINS AND PIGMENTS    
MARKET POSITION OF TEA INDUSTRY    
MEDIUM TERM OUTLOOK TO 2023    
DETAILED EXPORT DATA OF BULK TEA    
PRESENT MANUFACTURERS    
PROCESSING    
WITHERING PROCESSES OCCURRING IN THE GREEN LEAF    
LEAF HANDLING FROM THE FIELD TO THE FACTORY    
TEA PACKAGING    
CTC TEA MANUFACTURING - PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM    
COFFEE    
MARKET POSITION OF COFFEE    
COFFEE EXPORT VOLUMES WORLDWIDE IN DECEMBER 2015,
 BY LEADING COUNTRIES (IN 1,000 60-KILO SACKS)    
PRESENT MANUFACTURERS OF COFFEE    
TOP COFFEE BRANDS IN INDIA    
THE COFFEE SEED    
PRODUCTION OF COFFEE AND COFFEE-BASED BEVERAGES    
STEAM-TREATED AND MONSOONED COFFEES    
COFFEE ROASTING    
COFFEE BREWING    
NATURAL COFFEE CONSTITUENTS    
GREEN COFFEE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION    
VOLATILE COMPOUNDS IN GREEN COFFEE    
CHANGES IN COFFEE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION DURING ROASTING    
VOLATILE COMPOUNDS IN ROASTED COFFEE    
CHANGES IN COFFEE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION DURING
  SPECIAL COFFEE PROCESSING     
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COFFEE BREW    
INCIDENTAL COFFEE CONSTITUENTS    
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS    
PESTICIDE RESIDUES    
CONCLUDING REMARKS    
INSTANT COFFEE PRODUCTION PROCESS    
PROCESSING: SCHEMATIC OVERVIEW    
RESIDUES GENERATED IN THE COFFEE INDUSTRY    
COFFEE INDUSTRY RESIDUES APPLICATIONS    
COFFEE SILVERSKIN (CS)    
SPENT COFFEE GROUNDS (SCG)    
PROPOSED UTILIZATION OF COFFEE INDUSTRIAL RESIDUES    
SUPPLIERS OF COFFEE PROCESSING PLANT & EQUIPMENTS    
SUPPLIERS OF TEA PROCESSING PLANT & EQUIPMENTS    
MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERY    
SPRAY DRYERS    
SUPPLIERSOF RAW MATERIALS    

                
APPENDIX – A :

 1.      COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS      
 2.      LAND & BUILDING                                      
 3.      PLANT AND MACHINERY                                  
 4.      FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT                             
 5.      RAW MATERIAL                                         
 6.      SALARY AND WAGES                                     
 7.      UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS                              
 8.      TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL                                
 9.      COST OF PRODUCTION                                   
10.      PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS                               
11.      BREAK EVEN POINT                                     
12.      RESOURCES OF FINANCE                           
13.      INTEREST CHART                                       
14.      DEPRECIATION CHART                                   
15.      CASH FLOW STATEMENT                                   
16.      PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET