Detailed Project Report (DPR) on admixture for concrete

ADMIXTURE FOR CONCRETE
[CODE NO.3056]  

To start with, it needs to be defined that an admixture is a substance which can be added to concrete to modify or achieve its properties. These admixtures are added to the concrete in addition to water and cement aggregate, typically during or before the mixing process. Thus, in other words, an admixture is a kind of substance that is added to concrete to modify or achieve its properties. It needs to be noted well that admixtures are usually in liquid form such as pigments, expensive agents, pumping aids, and few more kinds. At times, admixtures can simply work to alter heat generation rate – and can also result in lower strengths of concrete admixture types. 

Admixtures are used to ensure certain required properties of concrete or reduce the cost of the building with concrete. Many problems arise using the admixture for concrete during the process of construction. These admixtures are used as a measure of emergency to try and prevent complete failure. The main functions of using admixture include water reduction, retarding, air-entraining, gas forming admixtures, air detraining admixtures, alkali-silica reactivity reduction, use as superplasticizers, providing colour, improving hardness, and much more. 

It needs to be noted well that concrete admixtures are much used to improve behaviour under various conditions. It is understood well that concrete admixtures are of two types: Chemical and Mineral. We shall study both the types of admixtures in detail. 

To start with, let us first understand the chemical admixtures. The chemical admixtures are known to reduce construction cost, modify properties of hardened concrete , ensure quality of concrete during curing / mixing / transporting and overcome various emergencies during operations which are concrete in nature. These admixtures are known to improve the quality of concrete during the curing/placement/mixing and transporting procedures. These fall into various categories such as set accelerators, set retarders, water reducers, air entrainers, super plasticizers, speciality admixtures, corrosion inhibitors, and others. 

Now moving on to, let us study details about the mineral admixtures. These type of admixtures are very economical to use, increase strength, reduce permeability and influence other concrete properties. These type of admixtures affect the nature of hardened concrete through pozzolanic activity as well as hydraulic activity. It needs to be understood well that pozzolans are kind of materials which are cementitious in nature, such as silica fume and fly ash. Mineral admixtures can be used in combination or individually with Portland cement. 

It is important to understand the applications of admixture for concrete. These admixtures protect against freeze thaw cycles and also bring about much improvement in durability. These assist in corrosion protection, flowability, finish enhancement, fly ash, crack control, silica fume, corrosion protection, high strength concrete, set acceleration and much more. It is also important to cover different facts about concrete admixtures such as their thermal cracking process, the causes of plastic shrinkage cracking, process of autogenous shrinkage, consideration of shrinkage reducing agents, cost trade offs when using shrinkage reducers, admixture effects and much more. 

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capactiy                                 :    5.00 Ton/day
Land & Building (1000 Sq.Mtr)    :    Rs, 1.43 Cr
Plant & Machinery                          :    Rs. 39.00 Lacs
Working Capital for 2 Months      :    Rs. 1.29 Cr
Total Capital Investment               :    Rs. 3.19 Cr
Rate of Return                                 :    38%
Break Even Point                             :    41%

INTRODUCTION    
ADMIXTURES FOR CONCRETE    
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DIFFERENT CHEMICALS    
MECHANISM OF ACTION OF WATER REDUCERS    
USES AND APPLICATION    
CHEMICAL ADMIXTURES FOR CONCRETE    
PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERISTICS    
ADVANTAGE OF SUPER PLASTICIZER (LIQUID)    
CLASSIFICATION OF CONCRETE ADMIXTURES    
SPECIFICATION OF CONCRETE ADMIXTURE    
INCOMPATIBILITY OF SUPERPLASTICIZER    
DETAILS OF ADDITIVES USED IN READYMADE
CONCRETE SUPER PLASTICIZER    
MARKET SURVEY    
GLOBAL MARKET POSITION OF CONCRETE MIXTURE    
PRESENT MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF READYMADE
CONCRETE
PERFORMANCE AND DOSAGE OF PREVAILING SUPERPLASTICIZER    
FORMULATION OF CONCRETE ADMIXTURE    
FORMULATION OF WATER REDUCING AND RETARDING ADMIXTURE    
FORMULATION OF WATER REDUCER (LIGNOSULFONATE BASED)    
FORMULATION OF HARDENING ACCELERATOR    
FORMULATION OF READYMADE CONCRETE ADMIXTURE
SUPERPLASTICIZER WITH RETARDER    
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF READYMADE CONCRETE
ADMIXTURE SUPER PLASTICIZER WITH RETARDER    
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM    
COST EFFECTIVE SUPER PLASTICIZER FOR READYMIX CONCRETE    
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS    
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERY    
CONSULTANT FOR CONCRETE ADMIXTURE                              
APPENDIX – A:

 1.      COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS  
 2.      LAND & BUILDING                                      
 3.      PLANT AND MACHINERY                                  
 4.      FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT                             
 5.      RAW MATERIAL                                         
 6.      SALARY AND WAGES                                     
 7.      UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS                              
 8.      TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL                                
 9.      COST OF PRODUCTION                                   
10.      PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS                               
11.      BREAK EVEN POINT                                     
12.      RESOURCES OF FINANCE                           
13.      INTEREST CHART                                       
14.      DEPRECIATION CHART                                   
15.      CASH FLOW STATEMENT                                   
16.      PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET