AGAR AGAR
[EIRI/EDPR/1451] J.C. 231
INTRODUCTION
According to the US Pharmacopeia, agar can be defined as a hydrophilic colloid extracted from certain seaweeds of the Rhodophyceae class. It is insoluble in cold water but soluble in boiling water. A 1.5% solution is clear and when it is cooled to 34-43°C it forms a firm gel which does not melt again below 85°C. It is a mixture of polysaccharides whose basic monomer is galactose. These polysaccharides can be sulphated in very variable degrees but to a lesser degree than in carrageenan. For this reason the ash content is below those of carrageenan, furcelleran (Danish agar) and others. A 5% maximum ash content is acceptable for agar although it is normally maintained between 2.5-4%.
Agar is the phycocolloid of most ancient origin. In Japan, agar is considered to have been discovered by Minoya Tarozaemon in 1658 and a monument is Shimizu-mura commemorates the first time it was manufactured. Originally, and even in the present times, it was made and sold as an extract in solution (hot) or in gel form (cold), to be used promptly in areas near the factories; the product was then known as tokoroten. Its industrialization as a dry and stable product started at the beginning of the 18th century and it has since been called kanten. The word "agar-agar", however, has a Malayan origin and agar is the most commonly accepted term, although in French- and Portuguese-speaking countries it is also called gelosa.
A Japanese legend is told about the first preparation of agar:
Agar production by modern techniques of industrial freezing was initiated in California by Matsuoka who registered his patents in 1921 and 1922 in the United States.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 1000.00 Kgs./Day
Land & Building (1000 Sq.Mtr) Rs. 1.53 Cr.
Plant & Machinery Rs. 71.80 Lacs.
W.C. for 3 Months Rs. 6.81 Cr
Total Capital Investment Rs. 9.18 Cr
Rate of Return 46%
Break Even Point 32%
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
STRUCTURE
PROPERTIES
SOLUBILITY
GELLING
VISCOSITY
STABILITY
SPECIFICATIONS
SOURCES OF AGAR
USES AND APPLICATIONS
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
MARKET SURVEY
PERCENT SHARE OF AGAR
PRESENT MANUFACTURERS OF AGAR AGAR
SOURCES OF AGAR
RAW MATERIALS
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF AGAR AGAR
PROCESSING STEP TO MANUFACTURE AGAR AGAR
DETAILS OF PROCESS
PROCESS FLOWSHEET FOR AGAR AGAR MANUFACTURING
CRITERIA AND BASIC POINTS TO MANUFACTURE AGAR AGAR
AGAR PRODUCTION DIAGRAM
PLANT LAYOUT
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERIES
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
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