Industry Overview
Alkali chemicals represent one of the oldest segments of the chemical industry and provide essential inputs to industries including aluminium, soap, detergents, glass, tyres, rubber, pulp and paper, pharmaceuticals, water treatment, textiles, leather and fibre. The key chemicals associated with the chlor-alkali industry are caustic soda, chlorine, including liquid chlorine, and soda ash. Caustic soda, chemically known as sodium hydroxide, and chlorine are produced together by electrolysis of common salt solution, or brine. The report states that caustic soda and chlorine are generated in a ratio of 1:0.89 and that, while chlorine demand drives caustic soda production globally, the Indian industry has developed according to the demand-supply balance of caustic soda.
Three principal technologies are used to manufacture caustic soda from brine: membrane cell, diaphragm and mercury cell technologies. Membrane cell technology has lower power costs and avoids the hazardous materials associated with mercury and asbestos-based technologies. Diaphragm technology involves higher capital and power costs and produces caustic soda of comparatively inferior quality, while mercury cell technology has lower capital costs but faces pollution concerns related to mercury. According to the report, diaphragm technology is widely used globally, whereas membrane cell technology accounts for more than 90% of total capacity in India.
:contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0}Cost Estimation
| Particulars | Details |
|---|---|
| Plant Capacity | 100.00 TON/day |
| Land & Building (40000 Sq.Mtr) | Rs. 2.40 th |
| Plant & Machinery | Rs. 8.98 th |
| Working Capital for 2 Months | Rs. 1.09 th |
| Total Capital Investment | Rs. 13.65 Lacs |
| Rate of Return | 25% |
| Break Even Point | 59% |
Content Index
- INTRODUCTION
- USES
- USES OF CHORINE
- B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
- MARKET OVERVIEW OF CAUSTIC SODA CHLORINE
- INSTALLED CAPACITY & PRODUCTION IN LAST 10 YEARS
- IMPORTS
- EXPORTS
- SECTORWISE CAUSTIC SODA CONSUMPTION IN INDIA DURING 2017-18
- INSTALLED CAPACITY & PRODUCTION OF CAUSTIC SODA
- INSTALLED CAPACITY & PRODUCTION OF CHLORINE
- CONSUMPTION OF CAUSTIC SODA & LIQUID CHLORINE
- EXPORT OF CAUSTIC SODA
- EXPORT OF LIQUID CHLORINE
- IMPORT OF CAUSTIC SODA
- IMPORT OF LIQUID CHLORINE
- TOP FIVE EXPORT DESTINATION OF CAUSTIC SODA & LIQUID CHLORINE (2016-17)
- GLOBAL MARKET OVERVIEW OF CAUSTIC SODA
- PROCESS OVERVIEW
- DIAPHRAGM CELL
- MEMBRANE CELL
- PROCESS FLOW SHEET
- CHLORINE PRODUCTION FROM MEMBRANE CELLS
- PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM FOR CAUSTIC SODA MANUACTURE
- PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE
- PROCESS DESCRIPTION
- ELECTROLYTIC PROCESS FOR CHLORINE AND CAUSTIC SODA
- OPERATIONAL OF MEMBRANE CELL PLANTS
- BACKGROUND OF THE FIRST MEMBRANE CELL PLANT IN INDIA
- SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE PLANT
- WATER SEAL CLARIFIER
- FILTERS 42
- SECONDARY BRINE UNIT
- CELL ROOM
- POWER CONSUMPTION
- PERFORMANCE
- PRIMARY BRINE
- FEED BRINE QUALITY
- DEPLETED BRINE
- QUALITY OF CAUSTIC SODA
- HYDROCHLORIC ACID
- LIQUID CHLORINE
- COMPRESSED HYDROGEN GAS
- CELL VOLTAGE AND POWER CONSUMPTION
- ADVANTAGE OF MEMBRANCE CELLS COMPARED TO MERCURY CELLS BRINE
- RESULTS IS, CASE OF A MEMBRANE CELL PLANT:
- CONSUMPTION FIGURES
- POWER CONSUMPTION
- CATHODE GAS
- CHLORIE LIQUEFACTION
- HYDROGEN TREATMENT
- CELL HOUSE OPERATION
- CELL MAINTENANCE
- MOVING EQUIREMENT IN CELL HOUSE
- ELECTROLYSIS OF BRINE
- THE NET RESULT OF THE REACTION CAN BE WRITTEN AS:
- PRINCIPAL AMONGST THESE ARE:
- CHLORINE AND CAUSTIC PRODUCTION
- THE DIAPHRAGM CELL PROCESS
- TYPES OF CHLORALKALI CELL PROCESSES
- THE MERCURY CELL PROCESS
- THE MEMBRANE CELL PROCESS
- DETAILS OF MEMBRANE CELL
- CHLOR-ALKALI ELECTROLYSIS PROCESS
- PROCESS DESCRIPTION
- DIAPHRAGM CELL -
- MERCURY CELL -
- SAFETY AND HEALTH HAZARDS
- TREATMENT OF EFFLUENTS RELEASING FROM CHLORO ALKALI PLANT
- BLOCK DIAGRAM TO MANUFACTURE CAUSTIC SODA (MEMBRANCE CELL TECHNOLOGY)
- TECHNOLOGY AND ENERGY CONSERVING POTENTIAL
- PRODUCTION PROCESS AND ENERGY SAVING TECHNOLOGY
- RAW MATERIALS
- SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERIES (IMPORTED)
- SUPPLIERS OF CAUSTIC SODA PLANT & EQUIPMENTS ON TURNKEY BASIS
- SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
- SUPPLIERS OF SALT
- SUPPLIERS OF SODIUM CARBONATE
- SUPPLIERS OF SULPHURIC ACID
- SUPPLIERS OF LIME
- SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
- SUPPLIERS OF EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT (ETP PLANT)
- SUPPLIERS OF BOILERS
Appendix
- 01. PLANT ECONOMICS
- 02. LAND & BUILDING
- 03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
- 04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
- 05. FIXED CAPITAL
- 06. RAW MATERIAL
- 07. SALARY AND WAGES
- 08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
- 09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
- 10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
- 11. COST OF PRODUCTION
- 12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
- 13. BREAK EVEN POINT
- 14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
- 15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
- 16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
- 17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
- 18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
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