DISSOLVED ACETYLENE GAS AND BOTTLING PLANT OF INDUSTRIAL COMPRESSED OXYGEN, MEDICAL OXYGEN, ARGON, CO2 AND NITROGEN (CAP: 2082 M3/DAY)
[EIRI/EDPR/4485] J.C.: 2701XL
INTRODUCTION
Acetylene is a colourless inflammable gas obtained by the action of water on calcium carbide:
CaC2+2H2O-->C2H2+Ca(OH)2+30.4kg.-cal.
When pure, it has a slightly ethereal odour, but when produced from commercial calcium carbide, it has a distinct unpleasant odour due to the presence of traces of phosphene etc. In small quantities the gas is non-poisonous, but when present in concentrations of more than 40 per cent., it may produce asphyxiation. Acetylene dissolves in an equal volume of water. It is more soluble in organic solvents, especially in acetone. At ordinary pressure and 15o acetone absorbs 25 times its volume of acetylene. At 12 atm., it takes up 300 volumes and at 15 atm. nearly 375 vol. This property is made use of for the storage of acetylene in the dissolved state.
Acetylene is an endothermic compound, its heat of formation being nearly 50kg.-cal. g. mol. Both the gas (tc, 37o; Pc, 62 atm.) and the liquid (b.p.,83.6o) are highly explosive, particularly under pressure. The gas forms explosive mixtures with air. DIt burns with sufficient air, it gives a clear white light. Its molecular heat of combustion at standard pressure is 320 kg.-cal.g. mol. Its cal. val. is ca. 1500 B. Th. U./c.ft. Compared with 500 in the case of coal gas. The large amount of heat thus evolved is made use of in the oxy-acetylene flame.
Acetylene reacts with several elements and yields certain metallic derivatives, the chief of which is copper acetylide. It com bines with chlorine to form additive compounds, but in sunlight the reaction may reduced to ethylene and in the presence of mercury salts it is converted into acetaldehyde. In recent years, these reactions have assumed very great technical importance and form the basis for the synthetic production of numerous open chain organic compounds.
Industrial gases are gaseous materials that are manufactured for use in Industry. The principal gases provided are nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, hydrogen, helium and acetylene; although a huge variety of gases and mixtures are available in gas cylinders. The industry producing these gases is known as the industrial gases industry, which is seen as also encompassing the supply of equipment and technology to produce and use the gases. Their production is a part of the wider chemical Industry (where industrial gases are often seen as "specialty chemicals").
Industrial gases are used in a wide range of industries, which include oil and gas, petrochemicals, chemicals, power, mining, steelmaking, metals, environmental protection, medicine, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, food, water, fertilizers, nuclear power, electronics and aerospace. Industrial gas is sold to other industrial enterprises; typically comprising large orders to corporate industrial clients, covering a size range from building a process facility or pipeline down to cylinder gas supply.
Some trade scale business is done, typically through tied local agents who are supplied wholesale. This business covers the sale or hire of gas cylinders and associated equipment to tradesmen and occasionally the general public. This includes products such as balloon helium, dispensing gases for beer kegs, welding gases and welding equipment, LPG and medical oxygen.
Retail sales of small scale gas supply are not confined to just the industrial gas companies or their agents. A wide variety of hand-carried small gas containers, which may be called cylinders, bottles, cartridges, capsules or canisters are available to supply LPG, butane, propane, carbon dioxide or nitrous oxide. Examples are Whipped-cream chargers, powerlets, campingaz and sodastream.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 2082 M3/Day
Land & Building (4000 sq.mt.) Rs. 1.97 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 3.10 Cr
Working Capital for 2 Months Rs. 3.98 Cr
Total Capital Investment Rs. 10.34 Cr
Rate of Return 18%
Break Even Point 64%
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
A: ACETYLENE
CARBON DIOXIDE
NITROGEN
ARGON
PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERISTICS
A: ACETYLENE
PROPERTIES OF CARBON DIOXIDE
PROPERTIES OF OXYGEN:
GRADE
HAZARD
PROPERTIES OF NITROGEN:
GRADES OF NITROGEN:
PROPERTIES OF ARGON
GRADES:
SHIPMENT:
USES AND APPLICATIONS
A. ACETYLENE GAS
CHEMICALS MANUFACTURING
STEEL MANUFACTURING & METAL FABRICATION
HEALTH CARE & MEDICAL
ELECTRONICS
FOOD & BEVERAGE
WATER TREATMENT
ACETYLENE
HYDROGEN
CARBON DIOXIDE
NITROGEN
OXYGEN
ARGON
BIS SPECIFICATION SPECIFICATIONS
A: ACETYLENE
INDIAN STANDARDS:
COMPOSITION OF AIR:
MARKET OVERVIEW OF ACETYLENE GAS
OVERVIEW OF INDUSTRIAL GASES
PROCESS DESCRIPTION OF DA [DISSOLVED ACETYLENE] GAS
SPECIAL FEATURES OF OXYPLANTS ACETYLENE GAS PLANT:
OPERATION CONDITION: SITE CONDITION
TECHNICAL DETAILS OF ACETYLENE MANUFACTURE
CHEMICAL REACTION AND RAW MATERIALS
PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF ACETYLENE
REACTION
RAW MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
PROCESS DESCRIPTION
WET PROCESS
DRY PROCESS
EQUIPMENT USED
PURITY, YIELD STORAGE
PROCESS CONDITIONS
STORAGE OF CALCIUM CARBIDE
DISSOLVED ACETYLENE
FLOW DIAGRAM OF ACETYLENE GAS
METHOD OF CYLINDER FILLING
DISTRIBUTIONS
FILLING
CRYOGENIC LIQUID DISTRBUTION METHOD
GAS PURITY MEASUREMENTS IN GAS BOTTLING PLANTS
TABLE- GAS BOTTLING PLANT GAS ANALYZER APPLICATIONS
HEALTH AND SAFETY FACTORS
PROCESS OF COMPRESSED GAS BOTTLING PLANT
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
ADDRESSES OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
ADDRESSES OF RAW MATERIALS
LIST OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
ACETYLENE PLANT SPECIFICATION
LIST OF CONNECTED LOAD FOR ACETYLENE GAS PLANT: 50 M³/HR.
PRICE FOR ABOVE ACETYLENE GAS PLANT:
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
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