Industry Overview
Aluminium sulfate (Al2(SO4)3), commonly known as alum, is a non-combustible, water-soluble inorganic compound generally produced as white crystals. It is available in hydrated form, including Al2(SO4)3.14H2O, as well as in solution and solid forms such as kibbled, ground and dust grades. The material is widely associated with water treatment, paper sizing and several miscellaneous industrial applications.
Alums are represented by general formulations involving monovalent and trivalent radicals and are commonly prepared from combinations of sulfate salts. Ferric and non-ferric alum are marketed in different grades, including alum cake, while potash alum is also known as alum alumen. Historically, alum was produced from alum shales through roasting and leaching. The report also describes production through crystallization of equivalent proportions of potassium sulfate and aluminium sulfate, followed by concentration and crystal separation to obtain lump or recrystallized alum.
Ferric alum is described as aluminium sulfate containing iron and associated with bauxite-based production, while potash alum can occur naturally in minerals such as alunite and ratinite. Aluminium sulfate is readily soluble in water and is insoluble in alcohol. The project report covers raw materials, manufacturing processes, product specifications, quality testing, environmental considerations, safety information, market applications and supplier requirements for ferric and non-ferric alum.
Cost Estimation
| Plant Capacity | 80 MT/Day |
|---|---|
| Land & Building (8000 sq.mt.) | Rs. 4.05 Cr |
| Plant & Machinery | Rs. 4.38 Cr |
| Working Capital for 2 Months | Rs. 5.50 Cr |
| Total Capital Investment | Rs. 14.42 Cr |
| Rate of Return | 29% |
| Break Even Point | 55% |
Content Index
Appendix
Frequently Asked Questions
Aluminium sulfate is a water-soluble inorganic compound commonly known as alum and is widely used in industrial applications.
The report describes aluminium sulfate as white, non-combustible crystals that can be supplied in hydrated, solution and solid forms. Solid products may be available as kibbled, ground or dust grades. The material is also discussed in ferric and non-ferric forms, with different grades intended for applications such as water treatment and paper sizing.
The main uses of aluminium sulfate include water treatment, paper sizing and miscellaneous industrial applications.
In water treatment, aluminium sulfate is associated with chemical pretreatment and coagulation and flocculation processes that help separate suspended impurities. The report also identifies the paper industry as an important application area. Additional uses are covered under miscellaneous applications, demonstrating that product grade and characteristics can determine its suitability for different industrial requirements.
Ferric and non-ferric alum are differentiated primarily by the presence of iron and their resulting product specifications.
The report describes ferric alum as aluminium sulfate containing iron and separately covers non-ferric aluminium sulfate specifications, characteristics, applications and testing requirements. Both categories can be marketed in different physical forms and grades. Product selection therefore depends on the required chemical composition, application, quality requirements and applicable specifications.
Aluminium sulfate manufacture involves preparing raw materials, reacting the ingredients and producing the final product through subsequent processing.
The report provides separate process outlines for ferric and non-ferric alum and describes bauxite preparation and a reaction section. It also identifies two broad manufacturing steps: reacting the raw ingredients and making the final product. Depending on the product form, subsequent operations can include concentration, crystallization, separation, grading and preparation for packing.
The report identifies bauxite and sulfuric acid among the raw-material requirements associated with aluminium sulfate production.
Bauxite is specifically discussed as a source material, including its composition and preparation before processing. The supplier sections also identify sulfuric acid and barium sulphide among the raw-material categories covered by the project report. The actual raw-material selection and quantities depend on the manufacturing route, product grade and required specifications.
The report covers a broad set of chemical and physical quality tests for non-ferric aluminium sulfate.
Testing sections include determination of insoluble matter, pH, heavy metals, iron, chlorides, arsenic, ammonium salts, aluminium, sodium and potassium. The report also describes sampling requirements, preparation of test samples, the number of tests and criteria for conformity. These controls are intended to support consistent product quality against the applicable specifications described in the project report.
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