Industry Overview
Flux oil is a distilled hydrocarbon fraction with a higher boiling range than cutters and is designed to flux road-grade bitumen by providing a longer-term reduction in viscosity. By lowering binder viscosity, flux oil promotes improved coating of aggregates and stronger adhesion. Unlike more volatile materials, it does not readily evaporate, while lower viscosity can be achieved at lower temperatures.
The evaporation rate of flux oil depends on factors including the chemical nature of bitumen, application rate, ambient temperature and humidity, and binder film thickness. The report classifies flux oil as a C1 combustible liquid and recommends use at ambient temperatures, a short-term maximum temperature of 80 degrees, ambient long-term storage temperature, and a maximum safe temperature of 100 degrees.
Flux oil mainly comprises hydrocarbons and has applications in cold asphalt and pothole repair. Its use requires an understanding of its physical and chemical properties, application procedures, safety precautions, adhesive characteristics, and combustion properties. The report also covers bitumen binders, modifiers and additives, cold bituminous mixtures, bio-fluxes, bio-oil production, transesterification, oxidation, machinery, raw materials, and related market and industry considerations.
Cost Estimation
| Particulars | Value |
|---|---|
| Plant Capacity | 1.5 MT/Day |
| Land & Building (800 sq.mt.) | US$ 1.07 Lac |
| Plant & Machinery | US$ 62 Th. |
| Working Capital for 1 Month | US$ 43 Th. |
| Total Capital Investment | US$ 2.60 Lac |
| Rate of Return | 41% |
| Break Even Point | 47% |
Content Index
- INTRODUCTION
- ALL ABOUT BITUMEN
- TYPES OF BITUMEN AND THEIR PROPERTIES AND USES
- PENETRATION GRADE BITUMEN
- PAVING GRADE BITUMEN SPECIFICATION AS PER BS EN 12591
- CUTBACK BITUMEN
- BIO-FLUX:
- PLANT LOCATION-PALESTINE
- ECONOMY
- INDUSTRY (MANUFACTURING AND MINING)
- SERVICES SECTOR
- THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR
- HISTORY OF BITUMEN BINDERS
- BITUMEN BINDERS
- TYPE OF BITUMEN MODIFIER AND ADDITIVE
- TYPE OF MODIFIER
- (1) THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS
- (2) THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER
- (3) THERMOSETTING POLYMERS
- TYPE OF MODIFIER
- RAW MATERIALS
- MATERIALS
- FATTY ACID METHYL ESTER
- COLD BITUMINOUS MIXTURES
- COLD LAY MACADAMS
- GRAVE EMULSION
- FOAMED BITUMINOUS MIXTURES
- COLD BITUMINOUS EMULSION MIXTURES (CBEMS)
- CBEM – TWO STAGE MIXING:
- “BIOFLUXES” – BINDER FOR COLD BITUMEN
- MARKET POSITION
- KEY MARKET PLAYERS
- BITUMEN EMULSIFIERS MARKET, BY PRODUCT
- BITUMEN EMULSIFIERS MARKET, BY SETTING TYPE
- INDUSTRY BACKGROUND
- PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE
- STEP 1:
- BIO-OIL PRODUCTION PROCESS
- TRANSESTERIFICATION REACTIONS FOR BIO-OIL
- PRODUCTION BASIC:
- BASIC TRANSESTERIFICATION REACTION WITH METHANOL
- FEEDSTOCK
- STAGES OF BIO-OIL PRODUCTION PROCESS
- TREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- CHEMICAL REACTION
- CATALYSTS FOR ESTER REACTION:
- SEPARATION OF THE REACTION PRODUCTS
- PURIFICATION OF THE REACTION PRODUCTS
- PRODUCTS
- STEP 2:
- OXIDATION REACTION
- PROCESS IN DETAIL
- STEP 1:
- STEP 2:
- PHOTOGRAPHS OF MACHINES
- TRANSESTRIFICATION REACTOR:-
- DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS
- OXIDATION REATOR:-
- SUPPLIERS FOR MACHINERY
- WEIGHING MACHINE
- STORAGE VESSELS
- PACKING MACHINE
- SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
- RAPSEED OIL
- ELEVEN INTERNATIONAL
- CATALYST
- METHANOL
- NAOH
- RAW MATERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS
- SEED OIL BIO- OIL CATALYST
- SATURATED CATALYST METHANOL
- COBALT ACETATE (OXIDATION CATALYST)
- CUMENE HYDROPEROXIDE
- PRODUCT PHOTOGRAPHS
Appendix
- 01. PLANT ECONOMICS
- 02. LAND & BUILDING
- 03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
- 04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
- 05. FIXED CAPITAL
- 06. RAW MATERIAL
- 07. SALARY AND WAGES
- 08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
- 09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
- 10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
- 11. COST OF PRODUCTION
- 12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
- 13. BREAK EVEN POINT
- 14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
- 15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
- 16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
- 17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
- 18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
Frequently Asked Questions
Flux oil is primarily used to reduce the viscosity of bitumen and improve its workability and coating characteristics. It is particularly associated with road-grade bitumen, cold asphalt applications, and pothole repairs. By reducing binder viscosity, flux oil can help the bitumen coat aggregates more effectively and support adhesion. The report also discusses bio-fluxes and their use as binders for cold bitumen. Selection and application should take account of the flux oil's chemical and physical properties, operating temperature, storage conditions, and the requirements of the particular bituminous application.
Flux oil reduces the viscosity of bitumen by modifying the flow characteristics of the binder. This makes the bitumen easier to handle and allows it to coat aggregate more readily during suitable applications. The report emphasizes that lower viscosity can contribute to improved adhesion and that flux oil provides a longer-term reduction in viscosity compared with more readily evaporating materials. The actual performance depends on the chemical characteristics of the bitumen and flux oil, formulation, application conditions, temperature, humidity, application rate, and binder film thickness.
The evaporation rate of flux oil is affected by several application and environmental factors. According to the report, these include the chemical nature of the bitumen, application rates, ambient temperature, humidity, and binder film thickness. These factors can influence how quickly volatile components are lost and therefore affect the behaviour of the binder after application. Understanding these conditions is important when selecting and using flux oil. Appropriate temperature control and application procedures should be followed to obtain the intended viscosity reduction and coating performance.
Typical applications identified in the report include cold asphalt and pothole repairs, along with the treatment and modification of road-grade bitumen. Flux oil is intended to lower binder viscosity so that the material can coat aggregates effectively and provide suitable adhesion. The report also covers cold bituminous mixtures, cold lay macadams, grave emulsion, foamed bituminous mixtures, and cold bituminous emulsion mixtures. Actual suitability depends on the formulation, road application, material properties, and operating conditions, so the selected flux should be evaluated against the requirements of the intended use.
The report covers several raw materials associated with its bio-oil and bio-flux process sections. These include rapeseed oil, methanol, NaOH, cobalt acetate identified as an oxidation catalyst, and cumene hydroperoxide. It also discusses seed oil, bio-oil, catalysts, saturated catalyst, and fatty acid methyl ester. The specific role of each material depends on the process stage, including raw-material treatment, transesterification, separation and purification, and oxidation. The report's raw-material sections should therefore be considered together with its process descriptions and catalyst information.
The report discusses a bio-oil production process followed by an oxidation reaction as major process areas. The bio-oil section covers transesterification reactions, feedstock, treatment of raw materials, chemical reaction, catalysts for ester reaction, separation of reaction products, and purification. The oxidation section is presented as a subsequent process stage. The report also includes process details, design specifications, photographs of machines, a transesterification reactor, and an oxidation reactor. Together, these sections provide a framework for understanding the processing sequence and associated equipment.
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