Industry Overview
Isopropanol, also known as isopropyl alcohol, is a secondary alcohol characterized as a mobile, colourless, low-boiling, flammable and water-miscible liquid with a characteristic alcoholic odour. Its combination of physical and chemical properties makes it useful across a wide range of industrial and commercial applications.
A major application of isopropanol is the production of acetone. It is also widely used as a solvent and chemical intermediate in drugs and pharmaceuticals, as well as in deicing applications for liquid fuel and as a preservative. Isopropanol is commonly handled and stored using drums, bottles, tins, tank cars, piping and suitable process equipment.
Commercial production of isopropanol can be carried out through hydration of propylene. The traditional indirect process involves absorption of propylene in sulphuric acid followed by hydrolysis with water to produce isopropyl alcohol and dilute sulphuric acid. A more modern and popular route is the direct catalytic hydration of propylene with demineralized water. Major equipment includes a packed bed reactor, storage tanks and a distillation column, which can be sourced from indigenous chemical plant fabricators.
The report envisages production of isopropyl alcohol and covers its properties, safety, applications, manufacturing processes, market position, plant layout, implementation schedules and supplier information.
Cost Estimation
| Particulars | Value |
|---|---|
| Plant Capacity | 30000 Ton/ Per Year |
| Land & Building (12000 sq.mt.) | Rs. 7.71 Cr |
| Plant & Machinery | Rs. 10.00 Cr |
| Working Capital for 2 Month | Rs. 27.56 Cr |
| Total Capital Investment | Rs. 45.83 Cr |
| Rate of Return | 48% |
| Break Even Point | 35% |
Content Index
- INTRODUCTION
- PROPERTIES OF ISOPROPANOL
- COLOURLESS LIQUID, PLEASANT ODOUR, FLAMMABLE MOBILE LIQUID.
- CONTAINERS AND REGULATIONS:
- HAZARDS:
- REACTIONS
- SAFETY AND TOXICOLOGY
- SAFETY
- TOXICOLOGY
- MEDICAL GRADE ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL (PROPERTIES AND USES)
- LOW FLASHPOINT
- HIGH EVAPORATION RATE
- CONTACT WITH HUMANS
- FORMS OF ISOPROPANOL
- 70% ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
- 99% ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
- B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
- SPECIFICATION OF ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
- SCOPE
- REQUIREMENTS
- THE MATERIAL SHALL ALSO COMPLY WITH THE REQUIREMENTS GIVEN IN TABLE 1.
- PACKING AND MARKING
- PACKING
- MARKING
- SAMPLING
- TEST METHODS
- METHODS OF TEST FOR &PROPYL ALCOHOL
- DETERMINATION 0F MMDUE ON EVAPORATION
- DETERMINATION OF ALDEHYDES AND KETONES
- REAGENTS
- CALCULATION
- USES AND APPLICATIONS
- 1. ELECTRONICS
- 2. EXTRACTIVES
- 3. COATINGS
- 4. PHARMACEUTICALS
- 5. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
- 6. AUTOMOTIVE
- 7. PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS
- 8. MEDICAL
- 9. FOOD INDUSTRY
- SOLVENT
- INTERMEDIATE
- MEDICAL
- AUTOMOTIVE
- LABORATORY
- MARKET POSITION
- GLOBAL MARKET POSITION OF ISOPROPANOL ALCOHOL
- GLOBAL ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL MARKET DEMAND SHARE IN 2019 (%)
- ON THE BASIS OF GRADE, THE GLOBAL ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL MARKET IS CATEGORIZED INTO:
- ON THE BASIS OF APPLICATION, THE GLOBAL ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL MARKET IS CATEGORIZED INTO:
- ON THE BASIS OF END-USE INDUSTRIES, THE GLOBAL ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL MARKET IS CATEGORIZED INTO:
- GLOBAL ISOPROPANOL MARKET
- OVERVIEW OF GCC (GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL) MARKET OF ISOPROPANOL
- SAUDI ARABIA MARKET GROWTH
- PRODUCTION OF ISOPROPANOL
- PRODUCTION OF ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
- INDIRECT HYDRATION OF PROPYLENE
- DIRECT HYDRATION OF PROPYLENE
- CATALYTIC HYDROGENATION OF ACETONE
- THE VERSALIS/ LUMMUS TECHNOLOGY OF ISOPROPANOL
- MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL FROM ACETONE
- PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
- DIFFERENT PROCESSES FOR ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL MANUFACTURING
- INDIRECT HYDRATION
- DIRECT HYDRATION
- HYDROGENATION OF ACETONE
- CATALYTIC DISTILLATION
- MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET FOR ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
- GENERAL DESCRIPTIONS
- 2. PHYSICAL DATA
- 3. FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS
- 4. REACTIVITY DATA
- 5. HEALTH HAZARD DATA
- A. ROUTES OF ENTRY
- B. EFFECTS OF SHORT-TERM (ACUTE EXPOSURE)
- C. ANIMAL TOXICITY DATA
- D. EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM (CHRONIC) EXPOSURE
- E. OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS
- 6. FIRST AID
- IN ALL CASES GET IMMEDIATE MEDICAL ATTENTION!
- 7. PREVENTATIVE MEASURES
- A. ENVIRONMENTAL AND DISPOSAL INFORMATION
- B. STORAGE AND HANDLING
- C. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
- PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
- PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
- PRIMARY FACTORS
- 1. RAW-MATERIAL SUPPLY:
- 2. MARKETS:
- 3. POWER AND FUEL SUPPLY:
- 4. WATER SUPPLY:
- 5. CLIMATE:
- 6. TRANSPORTATION:
- 7. WASTE DISPOSAL:
- 8. LABOR:
- 9. REGULATORY LAWS:
- 10. TAXES:
- 11. SITE CHARACTERISTICS:
- 12. COMMUNITY FACTORS:
- 13. VULNERABILITY TO WARTIME ATTACK:
- 14. FLOOD AND FIRE CONTROL:
- EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
- 1. DEPRECIATION:
- 2. FIXED ASSETS:
- 3. WORKING CAPITAL:
- 4. BREAK-EVEN POINT:
- 5. OTHER FIXED EXPENSES:
- 6. MARGIN MONEY:
- 8. TOTAL LOAD:
- 9. LAND AREA/MAN POWER RATIO:
- PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
- INTRODUCTION
- PROJECT HANDLING
- PROJECT SCHEDULING
- PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
- TIME SCHEDULE
- ADDRESSES OF RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIERS
- SUPPLIERS OF ACETONE
- SUPPLIERS OF LABORATORY CHEMICALS
- SUPPLIERS OF PACKAGING MATERIALS (HDPE DRUM)
- ADDRESSES OF PLANT AND MACHINERY SUPPLIERS
- SUPPLIERS OF REACTORS
- SUPPLIERS OF FRP COOLING TOWER
- SUPPLIERS OF STORAGE VESSEL
- SUPPLIERS OF PACKAGING MACHINE
- SUPPLIERS OF LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF INSTRUMENTATION AND PROCESS CONTROL EQUIPMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF BOILERS
Appendix
- APPENDIX – A:
- 01. PLANT ECONOMICS
- 02. LAND & BUILDING
- 03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
- 04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
- 05. FIXED CAPITAL
- 06. RAW MATERIAL
- 07. SALARY AND WAGES
- 08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
- 09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
- 10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
- 11. COST OF PRODUCTION
- 12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
- 13. BREAK EVEN POINT
- 14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
- 15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
- 16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
- 17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
- 18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
Frequently Asked Questions
Isopropanol is a secondary alcohol that is widely used as a solvent and chemical intermediate. It is a mobile, colourless, low-boiling and flammable liquid that is miscible with water and has a characteristic alcoholic odour. Its relatively high volatility and solvent properties make it useful in pharmaceutical, medical, laboratory, electronics, automotive, coatings and personal care applications.
Isopropyl alcohol can be manufactured commercially through hydration of propylene or by hydrogenation of acetone. Traditional indirect hydration involves absorption of propylene in sulphuric acid followed by hydrolysis, while direct hydration uses a catalytic reaction between propylene and water. The report also discusses catalytic distillation and the Versalis/Lummus technology. Product purification generally involves appropriate separation and distillation operations.
Isopropanol is used as a solvent, chemical intermediate, medical-grade alcohol, laboratory chemical and industrial processing material. The report identifies applications in electronics, extractives, coatings, pharmaceuticals, molecular biology, automotive products, personal care, medical uses and the food industry. It is also used in the production of acetone and in certain deicing and preservation applications.
An isopropanol manufacturing plant requires reaction, storage, separation and process-support equipment appropriate to the selected technology. The report identifies a packed bed reactor, storage tanks and a distillation column as major items of plant and equipment. It also covers supporting equipment such as cooling towers, storage vessels, packaging machinery, laboratory equipment, instrumentation and process-control systems, material-handling equipment and boilers.
Fire prevention, proper storage, ventilation, handling controls and suitable personal protective equipment are key safety considerations when handling isopropanol. Because isopropanol is flammable and has a low flashpoint, ignition sources must be controlled and storage and process areas should be appropriately designed. The report also covers fire and explosion hazards, routes of exposure, first aid, environmental and disposal considerations, storage and handling practices, and personal protective equipment.
Raw-material availability, markets, utilities, transportation, waste disposal, labour, regulations and site characteristics should be evaluated when selecting an isopropanol plant location. The report also identifies climate, taxes, community factors, vulnerability to wartime attack, and flood and fire control as location considerations. A suitable site should support reliable material movement, utility availability, safe operations, regulatory compliance and efficient access to target markets.
The report covers different forms and grades of isopropanol, including 70% isopropyl alcohol and 99% isopropyl alcohol. It also discusses medical-grade isopropyl alcohol, its properties and uses, and the applicable B.I.S. specification. The report further addresses requirements, packing and marking, sampling and test methods, including determination of impurities associated with evaporation and the determination of aldehydes and ketones.
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