Industry Overview
A printed circuit board (PCB) is a thin board manufactured from fiberglass, composite epoxy, or other laminate materials, with conductive pathways etched or printed onto its surface. These pathways connect electronic components such as transistors, resistors, and integrated circuits. A PCB mechanically supports and electrically connects components through conductive tracks, pads, and other features formed from copper sheets laminated onto a non-conductive substrate.
The PCB manufacturing process involves several stages, including raw material preparation, panelization, etching, lamination, drilling, conductor plating and coating, solder resist application, screening, assembly, testing, cutting, final inspection, and protection and packaging. PCBs are available in different configurations, including single-sided and double-sided boards, with surface mount technology and through-hole technology used for component assembly.
The report covers PCB manufacturing technology, applications, BIS specifications, process flow, plant layout, market trends, growth drivers, advantages in India, and suppliers of raw materials, machinery, testing equipment, and supporting systems. It also includes project economics covering investment, working capital, production capacity, profitability, and related financial parameters.
Cost Estimation
| Particulars | Value |
|---|---|
| Plant Capacity | 4000.00 Pcb Nos./day |
| Land & Building (2500 sq.mt.) | Rs. 3.74 Cr |
| Plant & Machinery | Rs. 3.17 Cr |
| Working Capital for 2 Months | Rs. 28.16 Cr |
| Total Capital Investment | Rs. 35.70 Cr |
| Rate of Return | 15% |
| Break Even Point | 59% |
Content Index
- INTRODUCTION
- THERE ARE FOUR MAIN PARTS TO A PCB:
- TYPES OF PCB
- 1. SINGLE-SIDED
- ADVANTAGES OF SINGLE-SIDED PCBS INCLUDE:
- 2. DOUBLE-SIDED
- USES AND APPLICATION
- B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
- PROCESS FLOW CHART RIGID
- MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF PCB
- 1. RAW MATERIALS
- 2. PANELIZATION
- SOME GUIDELINES FOR PANELIZATION ARE SIMPLE FOR EXAMPLE WITH ROUTED PANELS:
- BUT:
- AS WITH ALL TECHNICAL SUBJECTS, EXCEPTIONS ABOUND. FOR EXAMPLE
- THIS IS POSSIBLE WITH SOME RESTRICTIONS:
- PANELIZATION OF PCBS
- 3. ETCHING
- CHEMICAL ETCHING
- 4. LAMINATION
- 5. DRILLING
- 6. EXPOSED CONDUCTOR PLATING & COATING
- SOLDER RESIST
- 7. SCREENING
- 8. ASSEMBLY
- THE COMPONENTS THAT ARE ASSEMBLED IN THE BOARD INCLUDE:
- PCB WITH TEST CONNECTION PADS
- AFTER THE BOARD HAS BEEN POPULATED IT MAY BE TESTED IN A VARIETY OF WAYS:
- 1. SURFACE MOUNT TECHNOLOGY
- SURFACES MOUNT COMPONENTS INCLUDING RESISTORS, TRANSISTORS AND AN INTEGERATED CIRCUITS.
- ASSEMBLY TECHNIQUES
- ADVANTAGES
- DISADVANTAGES
- REWORK
- 2. THROUGH HOLE TECHNOLOGY
- CHARACTERISTICS
- 9. TESTING
- 10. CUTTING INDIVIDUAL PCBS FROM THE PRODUCTION PANEL
- 11. FINAL INSPECTION
- 12. PROTECTION & PACKAGING
- MARKET TREND
- EXPECTED GROWTH OF THE INDIAN PCB INDUSTRY IN FY 2017-18
- GROWTH DRIVERS
- TOP THREE GROWTH DRIVERS OF THE PCB INDUSTRY
- GROWING INORGANICALLY
- WILL THE INDUSTRY GROW INORGANICALLY?
- BRIGHT FUTURE
- ADVANTAGES IN INDIA
- PLANT LAYOUT
- SUPPLIERS OF PCB BOARD
- SUPPLIERS OF PCB
- SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
- SUPPLIERS OF COPPER CLAD GLASS EPOXY SHEET
- SUPPLIERS OF COPPER FOIL
- SUPPLIERS OF FIBRE GLASS EPOXY SHEET
- SUPPLIERS OF SILK SCREEN
- SUPPLIERS OF ETCHING CHEMICALS AND CLEANINGPCB CHEMICALS
- SUPPLIERS OF PRINTING INK
- SUPPLIERS OF BARE PCB BOARD
- SUPPLIERS OF SOLDER PASTE
- SUPPLIERS OF SURFACE MOUNTED DEVICES
- SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
- SUPPLIERS OF AUTOMATED PLOTTER
- SUPPLIERS OF EXPOSURE SYSTEM
- SUPPLIERS OF ETCHING CENTRE
- SUPPLIERS OF CNC PCB DRILLING MACHINE
- SUPPLIERS OF PCB CUTTING MACHINE
- SUPPLIERS OF PCB CLEANING MACHINE
- SUPPLIERS OF UV PCB CURRING MACHINE & SCREEN PRINTING MACHINE
- SUPPLIERS OF DRY FILM LAMINATING MACHINE
- SUPPLIERS OF COPPER PLATING MACHINE
- SUPPLIERS OF PLATING THICKNESS GAUGE
- SUPPLIERS OF PCB TESTING EQUIPMENT
- SUPPLIERS OF PCB ASSEMBLING PLANT
- SUPPLIERS OF AUTOMATIC OPTICAL INSPECTION EQUIPMENT
- SUPPLIERS OF AUTOMATIC XRAY INSPECTION MACHINE
- SUPPLIERS OF ELECTRICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF PLATEFARM WEIGHING MACHINE
- SUPPLIERS OF MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENTS
Appendix
- 01. PLANT ECONOMICS
- 02. LAND & BUILDING
- 03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
- 04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
- 05. FIXED CAPITAL
- 06. RAW MATERIAL
- 07. SALARY AND WAGES
- 08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
- 09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
- 10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
- 11. COST OF PRODUCTION
- 12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
- 13. BREAK EVEN POINT
- 14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
- 15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
- 16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
- 17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
- 18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
Frequently Asked Questions
A printed circuit board (PCB) is a board that mechanically supports and electrically connects electronic components. It is generally manufactured using a non-conductive substrate with copper sheets or conductive layers that are patterned into tracks, pads, and other electrical features. Components such as resistors, transistors, and integrated circuits are mounted on the board. PCBs are fundamental to electronic equipment because they provide an organized and reliable method of connecting electrical and electronic components within a circuit.
The main PCB types covered in the report are single-sided and double-sided PCBs. A single-sided PCB has conductive circuitry primarily on one side of the substrate, while a double-sided PCB incorporates conductive circuitry on both sides. The choice depends on circuit complexity, component density, design requirements, and manufacturing considerations. Different PCB configurations can be used across electronic products and applications, with the appropriate board construction selected according to the electrical and mechanical requirements of the finished product.
PCB manufacturing involves a sequence of material preparation, circuit formation, assembly, and inspection operations. The report identifies raw materials, panelization, etching, lamination, drilling, exposed conductor plating and coating, solder resist, screening, assembly, testing, cutting, final inspection, and protection and packaging as key stages. Depending on the board design and manufacturing technology, additional operations may be required. Process control at each stage is important for maintaining dimensional accuracy, electrical performance, surface quality, and consistency in the finished boards.
Surface mount technology (SMT) mounts electronic components directly onto the surface of a PCB, whereas through-hole technology places component leads through holes drilled in the board. SMT supports compact component placement and is widely suited to high-density electronic assemblies. Through-hole technology provides a mechanically robust connection and can be useful for components or applications requiring greater physical strength. The selection between the two depends on product design, component type, electrical requirements, manufacturing process, and assembly considerations.
PCB manufacturing uses substrate materials, copper-based conductive materials, chemicals, inks, and assembly materials according to the board design and process. The report specifically identifies copper clad glass epoxy sheets, copper foil, fibre glass epoxy sheets, silk screen materials, etching and cleaning chemicals, printing ink, bare PCB boards, solder paste, and surface mounted devices among the supply categories. The exact material selection depends on the PCB construction, required electrical characteristics, manufacturing technology, component assembly method, and final application.
A PCB manufacturing plant requires process equipment for circuit imaging, etching, drilling, plating, cutting, cleaning, assembly, inspection, and testing. The report lists equipment and systems such as automated plotters, exposure systems, etching centres, CNC PCB drilling machines, PCB cutting and cleaning machines, UV PCB curing and screen printing machines, dry film laminating machines, copper plating machines, plating thickness gauges, PCB testing equipment, automatic optical inspection equipment, automatic X-ray inspection machines, and electrical measuring instruments. Supporting systems include air pollution control, air conditioning, material handling, weighing, and fire-fighting equipment.
Effective PCB plant planning requires appropriate production flow, equipment positioning, material handling, quality control, environmental management, utilities, safety systems, and space for future operational needs. The plant layout should support an orderly movement of raw materials through processing, assembly, testing, inspection, and packaging while minimizing unnecessary handling. PCB manufacturing also requires suitable arrangements for chemicals, cleaning operations, ventilation, air pollution control, electrical systems, fire protection, and controlled production environments. Equipment selection should be aligned with the intended PCB types, production process, quality requirements, and capacity.
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