Industry Overview
Salicylic acid, chemically known as 2-hydroxybenzoic acid or ortho-hydroxybenzoic acid, is a fine aromatic chemical with the molecular formula C7H6O3 and a molar mass of 138.12 g/mol. It occurs naturally in certain plants and was historically obtained from willow bark through compounds such as salicin. The increasing demand for salicylic acid has led to its commercial production by synthetic routes.
Salicylic acid is primarily used as a medicinal compound and as an intermediate for pharmaceuticals, particularly aspirin and methyl salicylate. It is also used in dyes, flavours and spices, resin applications, antiseptic preparations, and certain topical formulations. The compound is characterized by a hydroxyl group positioned ortho to the carboxylic acid group on a benzene ring and can form an intramolecular hydrogen bond.
Commercial production can be based on phenol and other chemical routes, with phenol, caustic soda, and sulphuric acid identified in the report as major raw materials. The report indicates that these materials, as well as plant and machinery, are available indigenously. Technical and pharmaceutical grades differ in purity, with the report specifying the relevant requirement for Salicylic Acid I.P. and noting that technical-grade material is generally about 99% pure.
Cost Estimation
| Particulars | Value |
|---|---|
| Plant Capacity | 100 Ton/Day |
| Land & Building (12,000 sq.mt.) | Rs. 5 Cr |
| Plant & Machinery | Rs. 12.20 Cr |
| Working Capital for 1 Month | Rs. 33.90 Cr |
| Total Capital Investment | Rs. 51.75 Cr |
| Rate of Return | 39% |
| Break Even Point | 40% |
Content Index
- INTRODUCTION
- STRUCTURE OF SALICYLIC ACID
- SALICYLIC ACID
- PROPERTIES
- PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SALICYLIC ACID
- CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SALICYLIC ACID {REACTIONS OF SALICYLIC ACID)
- FORMATION OF ASPIRIN:
- ESTERIFICATION REACTION:
- SALICYLIC ACID IS A WHITE NEEDLE SHAPED CRYSTALLINE SUBSTANCE:
- SOLUBILITIES SALICYLIC ACID IN WATER WT%
- GRADES:
- SALICYLIC ACID AND RELATED COMPOUNDS
- USES & APPLICATIONS
- MARKET OVERVIEW OF SALICYLIC ACID
- MARKET GROWTH
- B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
- METHOD OF PREPARATION OF SALICYLIC ACID
- FROM PHENOL:
- FROM METHYL SALICYLATE:
- CARBOXYLATION OF PHENOL TO SALICYLIC ACID BY SUPERCRITICAL METHOD
- SEQUENCES IN SALICYLIC MANUFACTURE
- REACTION
- FLOW SHEET OF PROCESS
- RAW MATERIALS
- OTHER PROCESSES OF MANUFACTURE SALICYLIC ACID
- DISSOCIATION CONSTANTS OF THE SALICYLIC ACID
- IDENTICAL (SALCYLIC ACID)
- MANUFACTURING PROCESS FLOW SHEET FOR SALICYLIC ACID
- PROCESS IN DETAILS
- PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
- MAJOR PROVISIONS IN ROAD PLANNING FOR MULTIPURPOSE SERVICE ARE:
- PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
- PRIMARY FACTORS
- 1. RAW-MATERIAL SUPPLY:
- 2. MARKETS:
- 3. POWER AND FUEL SUPPLY:
- 4. WATER SUPPLY:
- 5. CLIMATE:
- 6. TRANSPORTATION:
- 7. WASTE DISPOSAL:
- 8. LABOR:
- 9. REGULATORY LAWS:
- 10. TAXES:
- 11. SITE CHARACTERISTICS:
- 12. COMMUNITY FACTORS:
- 13. VULNERABILITY TO WARTIME ATTACK:
- 14. FLOOD AND FIRE CONTROL:
- EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
- 1. DEPRECIATION:
- 2. FIXED ASSETS:
- 3. WORKING CAPITAL:
- 4. BREAK-EVEN POINT:
- 5. OTHER FIXED EXPENSES:
- 6. MARGIN MONEY:
- 7. TOTAL LOAD:
- 8. LAND AREA/MAN POWER RATIO:
- PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
- INTRODUCTION
- PROJECT HANDLING
- PROJECT SCHEDULING
- PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
- TIME SCHEDULE
- SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
- SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
Appendix
- APPENDIX – A:
- 01. PLANT ECONOMICS
- 02. LAND & BUILDING
- 03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
- 04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
- 05. FIXED CAPITAL
- 06. RAW MATERIAL
- 07. SALARY AND WAGES
- 08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
- 09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
- 10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
- 11. COST OF PRODUCTION
- 12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
- 13. BREAK EVEN POINT
- 14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
- 15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
- 16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
- 17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
- 18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
Frequently Asked Questions
Salicylic acid is an aromatic organic acid also known as 2-hydroxybenzoic acid. It contains a hydroxyl group and a carboxylic acid group attached to a benzene ring in the ortho position. It is classified as a fine chemical and is widely used in pharmaceutical and medicinal applications. It is also an important intermediate for products such as aspirin and methyl salicylate and has applications in dyes, flavours, spices, and selected resin formulations.
Salicylic acid is mainly used in pharmaceutical, medicinal, and chemical applications. It serves as an intermediate in the manufacture of aspirin and methyl salicylate and is used in some antiseptic and topical preparations. The report also identifies applications in dyes, flavours and spices, resin products, and ultraviolet-absorbing formulations. Its chemical reactivity and ability to form derivatives make it useful as an intermediate in several areas of fine chemical manufacturing.
Salicylic acid can be manufactured through several chemical routes, with phenol-based production being an important industrial approach. The report discusses preparation from phenol, methyl salicylate, and other starting materials, along with carboxylation processes. A commercial plant generally requires controlled reaction, separation, purification, crystallization, and product handling operations. The appropriate manufacturing route depends on raw-material availability, required product grade, process economics, equipment selection, and quality specifications.
The report identifies phenol, caustic soda, and sulphuric acid among the raw materials required for the manufacture of salicylic acid. Depending on the selected manufacturing route, additional chemicals, processing aids, utilities, and materials may also be required. Industrial planning should evaluate the purity and consistent availability of raw materials because these factors can influence reaction performance, purification requirements, product quality, operating costs, and the suitability of the final product for technical or pharmaceutical applications.
Salicylic acid is available in different grades according to its intended application and required purity. Pharmaceutical or pharmacopoeial grades are manufactured and tested against applicable quality specifications, while technical-grade material is generally intended for industrial applications. The report states that Salicylic Acid I.P. should contain not less than 99.5% and not more than 101.0% of C7H6O3 calculated on a dry basis. Product testing and quality-control procedures should therefore be matched to the intended market and applicable standards.
A salicylic acid plant location should provide reliable access to raw materials, markets, utilities, transportation, labour, and suitable industrial infrastructure. The report also identifies water supply, climate, waste disposal, regulatory laws, taxes, site characteristics, community factors, and flood and fire control as location considerations. For a chemical manufacturing facility, environmental management, safe material handling, emergency response infrastructure, storage requirements, and compliance with applicable industrial regulations should also be evaluated during site selection and plant-layout planning.
Salicylic acid requires appropriate controls for handling, storage, processing, and worker exposure because concentrated or excessive exposure can cause irritation and systemic effects. The report specifically notes that systemic poisoning may occur when it is applied to large areas of the skin. Industrial facilities should therefore use suitable personal protective equipment, ventilation, containment, safe chemical-handling procedures, emergency arrangements, and appropriate storage practices. The final safety program should be based on the applicable safety data, process hazards, occupational requirements, and local regulations.
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