Industry Overview
The Indian tyre and tube industry plays a critical role in supporting the country's expanding road transportation network and growing dependence on automobiles for both commercial and personal mobility. Despite India's extensive railway network, the country's geographical scale and emphasis on balanced development make road transport increasingly important in the coming years.
The tyre industry has continuously upgraded product quality to meet the requirements of Indian automotive manufacturers, vehicle users, prevailing road conditions, and export markets. Significant developments have taken place in tyre design and manufacturing, particularly for passenger cars, light trucks, trucks, and buses. These developments cover tyre construction, strength, sizes, tread patterns, rubber compounding, and overall performance.
The introduction of new passenger cars and light trucks, together with increasing export requirements, has accelerated technological advancement in the industry. Manufacturers are increasingly required to achieve higher dimensional accuracy, improved uniformity, enhanced durability, and longer service life. These factors continue to influence product development, manufacturing processes, material selection, testing requirements, and quality standards across the tyre and tube sector.
Cost Estimation
| Plant Capacity | Tyre: 500 Nos/Day (Assorted) |
|---|---|
| Land & Building (8000 sq.mt.) | Rs. 4.33 Cr |
| Plant & Machinery | Rs. 1.90 Cr |
| Working Capital for 2 Month | Rs. 3.85 Cr |
| Total Capital Investment | Rs. 10.23 Cr |
| Rate of Return | 42% |
| Break Even Point | 45% |
Content Index
- INTRODUCTION
- TERM, DEFINITIONS AND NOMENCLATURE IN PNEUMATIC TYRES
- BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
- LABORATORY TESTING OF TIRE COMPOUND
- COMPONENTS OF TYRES
- INNER LINER
- BODY PLY
- SIDEWALLS
- BEADS
- APEX
- BELT PACKAGE
- TREAD
- CUSHION GUM
- RAW MATERIALS
- TABLE 3.1 APPROXIMATE AMOUNT OF VARIOUS MATERIALS USED IN DIFFERENT TYRES
- NATURAL RUBBER
- SYNTHETIC RUBBER
- FIG.3.2 VARIOUS POLYMERIZED PRODUCTS OBTAINED FROM POLYMERIZATION OF POLYISOPRENE
- CARBON BLACK
- FUMED SILICA
- VULCANIZATION
- ANTIOXIDANT
- ANTIOZONANT
- DETAILS OF COMPONENTS IN TYRE BUILDING
- INNER LINER
- BODY PLY
- SIDEWALL
- BEADS
- APEX
- BELT PACKAGE
- TREAD
- CUSHION GUM
- OTHER COMPONENTS
- MATERIALS
- MARKET POSITION
- MARKET DYNAMICS:
- RAW MATERIAL:
- EXPORTS:
- CHALLENGES:
- COMPANY FINANCIALS:
- OUTLOOK:
- EMPLOYMENT:
- TWO WHEELERS: GROWTH LIKELY TO IMPROVE
- REPLACEMENT DEMAND OUTLOOK
- TOP 10 GLOBAL TYRE COMPANIES
- SWOT ANALYSIS OF TYRE
- WEAKNESS
- OPPORTUNITIES
- THREAT
- PRESENT MANUFACTURERS OF TYRES
- TECHNICAL KNOW - HOW
- FOREIGN COLLABORATIONS
- RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY:-
- DETAILS OF TREAD COMPOUND FOR TRUCK TYRE
- TABLE:
- FORMULATION OF BUS TYRE
- FORMULATION OF BUS TYRE
- FORMULATION OF AUTOMOBILE TUBE
- FORMULATION OF PASSENGER TREND TIRE COMPOUND
- FORMULATION OF CAR TYRE 66
- FORMULATION OF TRUCK TYRE
- METHOD OF COMPUNDING
- MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF AUTOMOBILE TUBES
- COMPOSITION OF INNER TUBE & FLAP
- SEQUENCES IN TYRE MANUFACTURE
- MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF TYRE
- PROCESS IN DETAILS
- RAW MATERIALS
- EXTRUSION
- ASSEMBLY
- CURING
- INSPECTION
- RUBBER COMPOUND FORMULATION
- RUBBER COMPOUND MIXING
- TIRE TREAD AND SIDEWALL EXTRUSION OPERATIONS
- TIRE TREAD EXTRUSION
- TIRE SIDEWALL EXTRUSION
- TIRE BUILDING
- TIRE CURING
- BUTYL RUBBER/BIMS BLEND FORMULATION FOR INNER TUBES
- TABLE BUTYL RUBBER/BIMS BLEND FORMULATIONS
- TABLE CURE SYSTEM
- COMPOSITION OF NATURAL RUBBER DERIVED POLYMER
- TEST REQUIREMENTS FOR PNEUMATIC TYRES
- TYRE DIMENSIONS
- SECTION WIDTH OF TYRE
- DYNAMIC GROWTH OF TYRES
- ENDURANCE TEST
- TREAD WEAR INDICATORS
- METHOD OF MEASURING TYRE DIMENSION
- PRESSURE SHALL BE RESET AT THE VALUE .
- TABLE: RECOMMENDED INFLATION PRESSURE FOR MEASURING TYRE DIMENSIONS
- METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE DYNAMIC GROWTH OF TYRES
- DESCRIPTION OF TEST PROCEDURE
- EXECUTION OF TEST
- TABLE INFLATION PRESSURE FOR DIAGONAL OR BIAS PLY AND BELTED-BIAS TYRES)
- ASSESSMENT OF RESULTS
- FIG: ENVELOPING CURVE FOR DYNAMIC GROWTH TEST
- TYRE STRENGTH TEST (PLUNGER TEST)
- APPARATUS
- TEST PROCEDURE
- CALCULATION
- REQUIREMENTS
- TABLE: REQUIREMENTS FOR PLUNGER TEST FOR DIAGONAL PLY TYRES
- TABLE: REQUIREMENTS FOR PLUNGER TEST FOR RADIAL PLY MILLIMETRIC
- TABLE: REQUIREMENTS FOR PLUNGER TEST FOR RADIAL AND DIAGONAL PLY FOR MILLIMETRIC (ISO DESIGNATED) TYRES
- PROCEDURE FOR EN-DURANCE TEST
- TEST APPARATUS
- PREPARATION OF TYRE FOR THE TEST
- TEST PROCEDURE
- EXAMINATION OF TYRE AFTER TEST
- TABLE: ENDURANCE TEST SCHEDULE
- TABLE: EXAMPLES OF TYRE DESIGNATION FOR CODE DESIGNATED TYRES
- TABLE: EXAMPLES OF TYRE DESIGNATION FOR ISO DESIGNATED TYRES
- SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND EQUIPMENTS (GLOBAL)
- SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND EQUIPMENTS
- SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
- TECHNOLOGY SUPPLIERS FOR TYRE MAKING
Appendix
- 01. PLANT ECONOMICS
- 02. LAND & BUILDING
- 03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
- 04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
- 05. FIXED CAPITAL
- 06. RAW MATERIAL
- 07. SALARY AND WAGES
- 08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
- 09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
- 10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
- 11. COST OF PRODUCTION
- 12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
- 13. BREAK EVEN POINT
- 14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
- 15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
- 16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
- 17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
- 18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
Frequently Asked Questions
Automobile tyre manufacturing involves rubber compounding, component preparation, tyre building, curing, and inspection. The process begins with raw materials such as natural rubber, synthetic rubber, carbon black, silica, and other compounding ingredients. Individual components including the inner liner, body ply, sidewalls, beads, belts, and tread are prepared and assembled. The assembled tyre is then cured under controlled conditions to develop its required properties, followed by inspection and testing to verify dimensions, strength, endurance, and other applicable performance requirements.
The main components of a pneumatic tyre include the inner liner, body ply, sidewalls, beads, apex, belt package, tread, and cushion gum. Each component performs a specific structural or functional role. The inner liner helps retain inflation air, the body ply provides structural reinforcement, the beads secure the tyre to the rim, and the belt package contributes to stability and strength. The tread provides contact with the road and is designed according to the intended vehicle and operating conditions.
Common tyre manufacturing raw materials include natural rubber, synthetic rubber, carbon black, fumed silica, antioxidants, antiozonants, and other rubber-compounding ingredients. Different materials are selected and combined according to the required properties of the tyre component. Rubber compounds can be formulated for applications such as tread, sidewall, inner liner, and other tyre parts. The report also covers formulations associated with truck tyres, bus tyres, passenger tyres, automobile tubes, and inner-tube materials.
Pneumatic tyres can undergo dimensional, dynamic growth, strength, endurance, and related quality tests. The report specifically discusses tyre dimensions, section width, dynamic growth, tread wear indicators, plunger testing, and endurance testing. These tests help assess whether tyres meet applicable technical and performance requirements. Testing procedures can include defined preparation, inflation conditions, test apparatus, operating sequences, examination after testing, and assessment of results.
Rubber compounding is important because it determines many of the performance characteristics required from individual tyre components. Different combinations of natural rubber, synthetic rubber, reinforcing materials, additives, and curing ingredients can be used to achieve suitable strength, durability, wear resistance, flexibility, and other properties. The report covers rubber compound formulation and mixing as well as specific formulations for different tyre and tube applications, demonstrating the importance of compound design in tyre manufacturing.
The major stages include raw material preparation, rubber compound mixing, extrusion, component preparation, tyre building, curing, and inspection. Extrusion is used to produce components such as tread and sidewall sections, while tyre building brings the prepared components together in the required sequence. Curing develops the final tyre structure and properties under controlled conditions. Inspection and testing are then carried out to identify dimensional, structural, or performance issues and to verify conformity with applicable requirements.
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