Industry Overview
Synthetic detergents play an important role in modern cleaning applications by providing effective, convenient, and economical solutions for removing dirt, dust, grease, and other contaminants. The synthetic detergent industry emerged as an established industry after the Second World War and developed in close association with the petrochemical industry, which supplies many of its principal raw materials.
Detergents are widely used in household laundry and cleaning, industrial laundries, dry cleaning, textile processing, grain milling, metal plating, food canning, dairy and beverage processing, restaurants, plant maintenance, and industrial housekeeping. Their cleaning action is based on surface-active molecules containing both an oil-soluble, or lipophilic, portion and a water-soluble, or hydrophilic, portion.
Synthetic detergents are classified into four principal categories: anionic, cationic, non-ionic, and amphoteric. Each category behaves differently in aqueous solutions and offers specific cleaning properties. Raw materials for detergent formulations may be derived from natural fats, petroleum, aromatic hydrocarbons, acids, alkylene oxides, polyhydric alcohols, and other chemical compounds.
The industry manufactures products in several forms, including powders, bars, cakes, and liquids. Liquid detergent manufacturers may use dodecyl benzene sulphonic acid (DDBSA), commonly known as acid slurry, as an intermediate and neutralize it using suitable agents such as ammonia, amines, soda, or potash. The wider soaps, detergents, and cosmetics sector also includes related products such as shampoos, skin lotions, and creams. Product quality, formulation, packaging, manufacturing processes, environmental considerations, and applicable standards are important factors in industrial production and market competitiveness.
Cost Estimation
| Plant Capacity | WASHING POWDER,LIQUID DETERGENT |
|---|---|
| Land & Building (6000 sq.mt) | Rented |
| Plant & Machinery | Rs. 2.30 Cr |
| Working Capital for 2 Months | Rs. 6.84 Cr |
| Total Capital Investment | Rs. 9.34 Cr |
| Rate of Return | 42% |
| Break Even Point | 41% |
Content Index
- INTRODUCTION
- GENERALLY, THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF LIQUID DETERGENTS.
- PROPERTIES OF WASHING SOAP AND WASHING POWDER
- USES AND APPLICATION
- PROPERTIES OF SHAMPOO
- USE AND APPLICATION OF SHAMPOO
- B.I.S. SPECIFICATIONS
- SKIN LOTION INGREDIENTS
- MOISTURIZING INGREDIENTS
- OTHER INGREDIENTS
- MARKET SURVEY
- CAPITALISING ON REGIONAL DEMAND
- THE SOAPS AND DETERGENTS AND COSMETICS INDUSTRIES IN ZAMBIA AND SOUTH AFRICA
- THE COSMETICS MARKET IN SOUTH AFRICA AND ZAMBIA
- MAPPING THE COSMETICS AND SOAPS AND DETERGENTS VALUE CHAIN INDUSTRIES
- SOURCING UPSTREAM INPUTS
- FACTORS AFFECTING FIRM COMPETITIVENESS
- SCALE
- PACKAGING
- STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
- GROWTH CONSTRAINTS
- BARRIERS TO ACCESSING SUPERMARKETS AND EXPORT MARKETS
- ZAMBIA
- COMPETITION FROM IMPORTS
- OTHER CONSTRAINTS
- GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES
- NATURAL AND ETHNIC PRODUCTS
- CONTRACT MANUFACTURING
- GETTING THE GOODS TO MARKETS
- RIDING ON THE SPREAD OF SUPERMARKETS
- TAPPING INTO ALTERNATIVE ROUTES TO MARKETS
- SALONS AND SPAS
- DIRECT MARKETING
- HOTELS
- CLEANING SERVICES
- MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS
- MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF DETERGENT POWDER (SPRAY DRYING METHOD)
- DETERGENT POWDER MANUFACTURE
- STEP 1 - SLURRY MAKING
- STEP 2 - SPRAY DRYING
- STEP 3 - POST DOSING
- TABLE 2 - THE INGREDIENTS OF DETERGENT BASE POWDER
- ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS
- SYNTHETIC DETERGENT BIODEGRADABILITY
- DETERGENT POWDER
- ROLE OF THE LABORATORY
- STANDARD DETERGENT POWDER MANUFACTURING PLANT CONSISTS OF MIXING, DRYING AFTER DRYING PACKAGING AND ANTIPOLLUTION UNITS.
- MANUFACTURING OF DETERGENT POWDER
- PROCESS - I
- PROCESS - 2
- PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF WASHING DETERGENT POWDER
- SURF EXCEL TYPE DETERGENT POWDER
- PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF WASHING DETERGENT POWDER
- HIGHER GRADE/QUALITY DETERGENT POWDER
- FORMULATION OF DETERGENT POWDER
- FORMULATION OF DETERGENT POWDER, SURF EXCEL TYPE
- FORMULATION OF DETERGENT POWDER, WHEEL TYPE
- OTHERS FORMULATION AND PROCESS OF GOOD QUALITY DETERGENT POWDER
- THE FOLLOWING FORMULATIONS ARE FOR MANUFACTURE OF DETERGENT POWDER:-
- THE GRINDING MACHINE
- RAW MATERIALS
- METHODS FOR PERFORMANCE TESTS FOR SURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS
- PART-I RELATIVE DESPERSING POWDER
- SURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS
- OUTLINE OF METHOD
- APPARATUS
- WHITE OIL-
- PREPARATION OF SOLUTIONS
- PROCEDURE
- CALCULATION AND REPORTING
- PART - II RELATIVE EMULSIFYING POWER
- OUTLINE OF METHOD
- REAGENTS
- LIQUID PARAFFIN
- APPARATUS
- PREPARATION OF STOCK SOLUTION
- PROCEDURE
- CALCULATION AND REPORTING
- PART - V WETTING POWER
- OUTLINE OF THE METHOD
- APPARATUS
- PROCEDURE
- FORMULATION OF DETERGENT POWDER
- SURF EXCEL TYPE DETERGENT POWDER
- FORMULATION OF LIQUID LAUNDRY DETERGENT
- MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF LIQUID DETERGENT
- MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF LIQUID DETERGENT IN DETAILS
- FORMULATIONS FOR LIQUID DETERGENT FOR WOOL, COLD WATER WOOL DETERGENTS
- OTHER FORMULATIONS FOR LIQUID DETERGENTS
- FORMULA 1:
- FORMULA NO.2
- FORMULA NO.3
- MANUFACTURING PROCESS
- FOR LIQUID DETERGENT FOR WOOL
- PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
- GENERAL PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF LIQUID DETERGENT
- THUS THE BATCH REQUIRES:
- DETAILS OF RAW MATERIALS FOR SHAMPOOS
- 1. OPACIFYING AGENTS
- OPACITY OR PEARLESCENCE EFFECT IS PROVIDED BY:-
- 2. CARIFYING AGENTS
- TRANSPARENCY EFFECT:-
- 3. FINISHING AGENTS
- 4. SEQUESTERING AGENTS
- 5. CONDITIONING AGENT
- 6. THICKENING AGENTS
- 7. FOAM BUILDERS
- 8. PRESERVATIVES
- 9. ANTIDANDRUFF COMPOUNDS
- COLOURS:-
- PRESERVATIVES:-
- PERFUMES:-
- WATER:-
- VARIOUS FORMULATIONS
- 1. LIQUID SHAMPOOS:
- FORMULA NO.1
- FORMULATION NO.2
- 2. VEGETABLE OIL SHAMPOO
- FORMULA OIL SHAMPOO
- FORMULA NO. 2
- 3. EGG SHAMPOO:
- ALMOND SHAMPOO
- TONIC SHAMPOO
- TRANSPARENT CLEAR LIQUID SHAMPOO:-
- FORMULATION - 1
- FORMULATION - 2
- FORMULATION - 3
- FORMULATIONS
- 1. SHAMPOOS:-
- 2. COCONUT OIL SHAMPOO:
- 3. TRIETHANOLAMINE SHAMPOO
- MANUFACTURING PROCESS (SHAMPOO)
- THE FORMULATION BEING DEALT WITH IS AS DESCRIBED BELOW:
- PROCESS FLOW SHEET DIAGRAM (SHAMPOO)
- MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR COCONUT OIL SHAMPOO
- 1. COLD PROCESS
- 2. HOT PROCESS
- ANALYSIS OF SHAMPOOS
- GENERAL ANALYSIS:-
- NET CONTENTS:-
- DESCRIPTION OF SHAMPOO:-
- PH OF SHAMPOO:-
- ASH AT 600OC:-
- EXAMINATION OF ASH:-
- NON-VOLATILE MATTER AT 105OC:-
- TEST FOR AMMONIA:-
- TEST FOR BASIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS INCLUDING AMMONIA:-
- DETERMINATION OF WATER BY TOLUENE DISTILATION:-
- ETHYLENEDIAMINETETRAACETIC ACID:-
- LANOLIN AND/OR STEROLS:-
- WATER-SOLUBLE GUMS:-
- FORMULATIONS OF BODY LOTION
- FORMULATION OF BODY LOATION
- FORMULATION OF BODY LOATION
- GENERAL STAPS FOR MANUFACTURE LOTION
- MANUFACTURING LOTIONS AND CREAMS CAN BE COMPLETED IN TWO CYCLES:
- A TYPICAL OIL-IN-WATER MANUFACTURING PROCESS MIGHT GO LIKE THIS:
- THE PROCESS OF LOTION MAKING
- THE PROBLEMS OF TRADITIONAL LOTION MIXER
- THE SOLUTION OF LOTION MANUFACTURING
- SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS IN AFRICA
- SUPPLIER OF LINEAR ALKYL BENZENE SULFONATE IN AFRICA
- SUPPLIER OF CARBOXY METHYL CELLULOSE IN AFRICA
- SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
- LINEAR ALKYL BENZENE (LAB)
- CARBOXY METHYL CELLULOSE (CMC)
- SODIUM SILICATE
- SODIUM SULPHATE
- DETERGEN FRAGRANCES/PERFUMES
- DETERGENT ENZYMES
- SUPPLIERS OF DETERGENTS MACHINES IN AFRICA
- SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
- STORAGE VESSEL
- PACKAGING MACHINE
- INSTRUMENTATION AND PROCESS CONTROL EQUIPMENTS
- MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
- LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS
- D.G. SETS
Appendix
- COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
- LAND & BUILDING
- PLANT AND MACHINERY
- FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
- RAW MATERIAL
- SALARY AND WAGES
- UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
- TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
- COST OF PRODUCTION
- PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
- BREAK EVEN POINT
- RESOURCES OF FINANCE
- INTEREST CHART
- DEPRECIATION CHART
- CASH FLOW STATEMENT
- PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET
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