Dairy Farming {Holstein Friesian Cow (HF Cow)}

DAIRY FARMING {HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN COW (HF COW)}

[EIRI/DFR/3199] J.C.: 1256 

Holstein Friesians (often shortened as Friesians in Europe, and Holsteins in North America) are a breed of cattleknown today as the world's highest-production dairy animals. Originating in Europe, Friesians were bred in what is now the Netherlands and more specifically in the two northern provinces of North Holland and Friesland, and northern Germany, more specifically what is now Schleswig-Holstein Germany. The animals were the regional cattle of the Frisians and the Saxons. The Dutch breeders bred and oversaw the development of the breed with the goal of obtaining animals that could best use grass, the area's most abundant resource. Over the centuries, the result was a high-producing, black-and-white dairy cow. It is black and white due to artificial selection by the breeders.

With the growth of the New World markets began to develop for milk in North America and South America, and dairy breeders turned to the Netherlands for their livestock. After about 8,800 Friesians (black pied Germans) had been imported, disease problems in Europe led to the cessation of exports to markets abroad.

In Europe, the breed is used for milk in the north, and meat in the south. Since 1945, European national development has led to cattle breeding and dairy products becoming increasingly regionalized. More than 80% of dairy production is north of a line joining Bordeaux and Venice, which also has more than 60% of the total cattle. This change led to the need for specialized animals for dairy production. Until this time, milk had been produced from dual-purpose animals. The breeds, national derivatives of the Dutch Friesian, had become very different animals from those developed by breeders in the United States, who used Holsteins only for dairy production.

Breeders imported specialized dairy Holsteins from the United States to cross with the European black and whites. For this reason, in modern usage, "Holstein" is used to describe North or South American stock and its use in Europe, particularly in the North. "Friesian" denotes animals of traditional European ancestry, bred for both dairy use. Crosses between the two are described by the term "Holstein-Friesian"

The Jersey breed originated on the Island of Jersey, a small British island in the English Channel off the coast of France. The Jersey is one of the oldest dairy breeds, having been reported by authorities as being purebred for nearly six centuries. 

The breed was known in England as early as 1771 and was regarded very favorably because of its milk and butterfat production. At that early date, the cattle of Jersey Island were commonly referred to as Alderney cattle although the cattle of this island were later referred to only as Jerseys. Jersey cattle were brought to the United States in the 1850's.

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity            50 Ltr./Day

Land & Building (100 sq.yard)    Rented

Plant & Machinery                    Rs. 85.50 Th.

Working Capital for 1 Month    Rs. 52.12 Th.

Total Capital Investment          Rs. 3.95 Lac

Rate of Return                          35%

Break Even Point                      69%

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN COW (HF COW)

MILK PRODUCTION

DAIRY FARMING IN INDIA

1. IT IS ADVISABLE TO FEED ANIMAL WITH WET/COOKED FEED.

2. WATER REQUIREMENT CAN BE FULFILLED WITH 2/3 TIMES IN A DAY.

3. ANIMAL SHOULD BE FED CONTINUOUSLY THROUGHOUT THE DAY.

4. ANIMAL GIVES MORE MILK WITH MORE CONCENTRATE FEED.

5. THE ANIMAL'S MINERAL REQUIREMENT IS MET TOTALLY THROUGH THE FEED & FODDER

6. NATURAL SERVICE IS BETTER THAN ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION.

7. ANIMAL SHOULD FED ONLY GRASS DURING THE DRY PERIOD.

B.I.S. SPECIFICATION

CATTLE FEED

IN GENERAL PRACTICE THE FOLLOWING COMPOSITION IS FOLLOWED FOR CATTLE FEED

SOME MORE FORMULATIONS ARE AS FOLLOWS: -

MARKET SURVEY

THE INDIAN DAIRY FARM

DAIRY FARM:

DAIRY INDUSTRY IN INDIA

DAIRY FARMERS/CONSULTANTS IN INDIA (FEW)

MANUFACTURING PROCESS

MILKING BY HAND

COOLING & STORING MILK

FILTRATION:

STANDARDIZATION

HOMOGENIZATION:

CLARIFICATION:

PASTEURIZATION:-

REFRIGERATION OR FREEZING SYSTEM

TESTING:-

PACKING:-

MANUFACTURE, PACKAGING AND STORAGE OF PASTEURIZED MILK PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERIES

MILKING MACHINE

MILK CHILLER

MILK RECEPTION TANKS

SUPPLIERS OF CATTLES

AYRSHIRE

CATTLE FEED MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)