Industry Overview
Healthcare has become one of the largest sectors of the Indian economy in terms of revenue and employment. The sector has been growing at a CAGR of 22% since 2016 and employed 4.7 Million people directly, with potential to generate 2.7 million additional jobs in India between 2017-22. Growth is being supported by an aging population, an expanding middle class, rising lifestyle diseases, public-private partnerships, digital technologies such as telemedicine, increased investor interest, and FDI inflows.
Government reforms and supportive policies have strengthened the healthcare ecosystem, including Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes aimed at boosting domestic manufacturing of pharmaceuticals and medical devices. India also has opportunities in Ayurveda, Yoga, wellness tourism, contract manufacturing and research, over-the-counter drugs, vaccines, medical devices, diagnostics, and pathology services.
The COVID-19 pandemic created both challenges and new opportunities, accelerating healthcare innovation, telemedicine, home healthcare, and the development of scalable, low-cost solutions. Expansion of private hospitals into Tier 2 and Tier 3 locations also provides attractive investment opportunities. These developments, together with the country's growing healthcare requirements, make the Indian healthcare sector a significant area for investment and infrastructure development.
Cost Estimation
| Particulars | Cost |
|---|---|
| Land & Building (61,529 sq.mt.) | Rs. 5.43 Cr |
| Plant & Machinery | Rs. 9.42 Cr |
| Working Capital for 2 Months | Rs. 1.05 Cr |
| Total Capital Investment | Rs. 17.44 Cr |
| Rate of Return | 9% |
| Break Even Point | 80% |
Content Index
- INTRODUCTION
- OVERVIEW OF HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY
- EMPLOYMENT GENERATION POTENTIAL OF HEALTH SECTOR
- FIGURE 3: DIRECT JOBS IN INDIA’S HEALTHCARE SECTOR, 2017 – 2022 EXPECTED (IN THOUSANDS)
- BUSINESS AND INVESTMENT CLIMATE
- TABLE 1: FDI IN INDIA’S HEALTH SECTOR (2000-2020)
- TABLE 2: SELECT PRIVATE EQUITY DEALS IN HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY OVER THE LAST FEW YEARS
- OVERARCHING POLICY LANDSCAPE
- AYUSHMAN BHARAT
- HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH
- NATIONAL DIGITAL HEALTH MISSION (NDHM)
- FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
- TAX INCENTIVES
- HEALTH DIPLOMACY
- DRIVERS OF GROWTH
- DEMOGRAPHIC, EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND HEALTH TRANSITIONS
- MEDICAL VALUE TRAVEL (MVT)
- ENABLING POLICY ENVIRONMENT
- DEMAND-SUPPLY GAP
- OTHER FACTORS
- WHAT LICENSE REQUIRED TO OPEN A HOSPITAL AND THEIR PROCEDURE
- NECESSARY LICENSES REQUIRED OPENING A HOSPITAL IN INDIA
- REGISTRATION OF HOSPITAL
- PERMITS
- • LAND AND CONSTRUCTION
- • ELECTRICITY AND WATER
- • SEWAGE
- • BIOMEDICAL WASTE
- • FIRE AND HEALTH LICENSE
- • REGULATIONS RELATING TO EMPLOYMENT OF STAFF
- • SIGN BOARDS
- • INFORMATION THAT REQUIRES IS DISPLAYED AT THE HOSPITAL ARE;
- • FSSAI LICENSE FOR OPERATING A KITCHEN
- • PERMIT TO STORE LPG CYLINDER
- • PHARMACY REGISTRATION FOR MEDICAL SHOP
- • TRADEMARK REGISTRATION
- • VEHICLE REGISTRATION FOR AMBULANCES
- • ARMS LICENSES UNDER ARMS ACT 1959
- • WASTE DISPOSAL
- PLANNING THE HOSPITAL INFRASTRUCTURE
- ONE MUST TAKE CARE OF THESE THINGS;
- THE OTHER IMPORTANT LICENSE REQUIRED IS:
- B.I.S SPECIFICATION
- BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF SOME COMMON HOSPITAL EQUIPMENTS
- 1. DRESSING DRUM
- 2. SURGICAL TRAY
- 3. CATHETHER TRAY
- 4. SYRINGE CASE
- 5. ANIMA POT
- 6. BOWEL
- 7. BED POT (LATRINE)
- 8. URINAL POT
- 9. KIDNEY TRAY
- 10. SPIT-ON
- 11. ELECTRICAL STERILIZER
- MODERN MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS
- BUILDING CONSTRUCTION & FURNISHING OF HOSPITAL
- THE OTHER DEPARTMENT IN A HOSPITAL ARE AS FOLLOWS:
- 1. CARDIOLOGY
- 2. E.N.T.
- 3. MATERNITY
- 4. EYE SECTION
- 5. CHILDREN WARD
- 6. LABORATORY
- 7. X-RAY ROOM & ECG CLINIC
- 8. PHYSICIAN
- GENERAL HEALTH AMENITIES
- DRUG SITUATIONS
- MODERN MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
- COMPUTER TOPOGRAPHY
- ULTRASOUND
- CONSUMABLE STORES
- UTILITIES & OVERHEADS
- HOSPITAL/MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS AND SUPPLIERS
- MACHINERY & EQUIPMENT SUPPLIERS
- X-RAY ACCESSORIES
- AIR CONDITIONING & REFRIGERATION UNITS
- IMPORTED PLANT & MACHINERY SUPPLIERS
- LIST OF CONSULTANT FOR SETTING UP HOSPTAL
- LIST OF NABET ACCREDITED HOSPITAL & HEALTHCARE CONSULTANT ORGANIZATIONS (NABH STANDARD)
- HOSPITAL/MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS AND SUPPLIERS
- LIST OF HOSPITAL IN AIZAWL DISTRICT
- PROPOSED MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR PRIVATE HOSPITALS
- UPTO 120 BEDDED UNIT PROVIDING MEDICAL/SURGICAL/MATERNITY SERVICES
- INTRODUCTION
- FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMME FOR A NURSING HOME
- THE BASIC MINIMUM FUNCTIONS PROVIDED BY A HOSPITAL SHOULD
- INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:
- HUMAN POWER REQUIREMENTS
- QUALIFICATIONS
- AVAILABILITY OF PERSONNEL:
- MINIMUM REQUIREMENT OF PERSONNEL:
- DUTY MEDICAL OFFICER
- NURSING STAFF:
- NURSING AIDS:
- PARAMEDICAL STAFF:
- ENGINEERING STAFF
- ADMINISTRATIVE AND ANCILLARY STAFF
- INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT
- ENTRANCE ZONE
- RECEPTION AND REGISTRATION WITH CASHIER
- WAITING AREA
- AMBULATORY ZONE
- A. NURSING
- B. TREATMENT/DRESSING ROOM AND INJECTION ROOM
- C. EXAMINATION AND CONSULTATION ROOMS (OPDS) AND CASUALTY
- PHARMACY
- DIAGNOSTIC ZONE (OPTIONAL)
- PATHOLOGY
- MICROSCOPE
- RADIOLOGY (OPTIONAL)
- INTERMEDIATE ZONE
- A. WARDS
- B. NURSING STATION
- C. TREATMENT ROOM
- D. TROLLEY BAY
- E. WARD STORE
- OPERATION THEATRE
- INSTRUMENTS FOR GENERAL SURGERY & (MATERNITY) OBSTETRICS/GYNAECOLOGY
- OPERATION THEATRE
- EQUIPMENT FOR SURGERY AND OBSTETRICS/GYN
- DELIVERY SUITE: EQUIPMENT & INSTRUMENTS (FOR MATERNITY HOMES ONLY)
- EXAMINATION AND PREPARATION
- LABOUR ROOM
- DELIVERY ROOMS
- EQUIPMENT FOR SERVICE ZONE
- LAUNDRY
- GENERATOR
- MINIMAL FUNCTIONAL AND SPACE REQUIREMENTS
- ENTRANCE ZONE
- AMBULATORY ZONE
- DIAGNOSTIC ZONE (OPTIONAL)
- THIS ZONE SHOULD IDEALLY BE INTERPOSED BETWEEN OPD AND IPD
- CRITICAL ZONE
- OPERATING SUITE
- BASIC DESIGN STANDARDS
- MINIMUM SPACE REQUIREMENTS
- A. PROTECTIVE ZONE
- B. CLEAN ZONE
- C. ASEPTIC ZONE
- INTERMEDIATE ZONE
- INPATIENTS NURSING UNITS
- SERVICE ZONE
- BUILDING ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS
- 1. LOCATION
- 2. CEILINGS
- 3. FLOOR HEIGHT
- 4. FLOORS AND WALLS
- 5. DOORS:
- 6. WINDOWS
- 7. CORRIDOR
- 8. WATER SUPPLY, PLUMBING AND OTHER PIPING SYSTEMS
- FOR MORE THAN 20 BEDS
- FOR LESS THAN 40 BEDS
- OXYGEN CYLINDERS
- 9. ELECTRICAL STANDARDS
- PANEL BOARDS
- 10. ACCESS ROUTES TO VARIOUS FACILITIES OF THE NURSING HOME:
- 11. COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
- 12. FIRE-FIGHTING SYSTEM
- 13. VENTILATION REQUIREMENTS FOR AREAS AFFECTING PATIENT CARE IN NURSING HOMES
- 14. REQUIREMENTS FOR SANITARY FITMENTS IN NURSING HOMES FOR PATIENTS
- OUTPATIENT BLOCK
- THE RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT MUST HAVE FOLLOWING SPECIAL TOILET FACILITIES IN CASE IT CARRIES OUT PROCEDURES LIKE IVP.
- 15. WASTE DISPOSAL:
- PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
- PRIMARY FACTORS
- 1. RAW-MATERIAL SUPPLY:
- 2. MARKETS:
- 3. POWER AND FUEL SUPPLY:
- 4. WATER SUPPLY:
- 5. CLIMATE:
- SPECIFIC FACTORS
- 6. TRANSPORTATION:
- A. AVAILABILITY OF VARIOUS SERVICES AND PROJECTED RATES
- 7. WASTE DISPOSAL:
- 8. LABOR:
- 9. REGULATORY LAWS:
- 10. TAXES:
- 11. SITE CHARACTERISTICS:
- 12. COMMUNITY FACTORS:
- 13. VULNERABILITY TO WARTIME ATTACK:
- 14. FLOOD AND FIRE CONTROL:
- EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
- 1. DEPRECIATION:
- 2. FIXED ASSETS:
- 3. WORKING CAPITAL:
- 4. BREAK-EVEN POINT:
- 5. OTHER FIXED EXPENSES:
- 6. MARGIN MONEY:
- 7. TERM LOANS:
- 8. TOTAL LOAD:
- 9. LAND AREA/MAN POWER RATIO:
- PROJECT LOCATION
- ABOUT AIZAWL DISTRICT
- IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
- LIST PLANT & MACHINERY
- ANNEXURE-I
- SPECIFICATIONS OF STANDARD LIST OF MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS
Appendix
- APPENDIX – A:
- 01. PLANT ECONOMICS
- 02. LAND & BUILDING
- 03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
- 04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
- 05. FIXED CAPITAL
- 06. RAW MATERIAL
- 07. SALARY AND WAGES
- 08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
- 09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
- 10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
- 11. COST OF PRODUCTION
- 12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
- 13. BREAK EVEN POINT
- 14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
- 15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
- 16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
- 17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
- 18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
Frequently Asked Questions
India’s healthcare industry is being driven by demographic, economic, technological, and policy-related factors.
Key drivers identified in the report include an aging population, a growing middle class, increasing lifestyle diseases, public-private partnerships, adoption of digital technologies such as telemedicine, investor interest, and FDI inflows. Expansion of healthcare services beyond metropolitan cities and increasing demand for diagnostics, medical devices, pharmaceuticals, and home healthcare are also creating opportunities for new investments.
Opening a hospital generally requires multiple registrations, licenses, and approvals covering the facility, operations, staff, utilities, safety, and waste management.
The report identifies areas such as hospital registration, land and construction permissions, electricity and water, sewage, biomedical waste, fire and health licensing, employment-related regulations, signage, FSSAI licensing for kitchens, LPG storage, pharmacy registration, ambulance vehicle registration, waste disposal, and other applicable permissions. Exact requirements can vary according to the hospital's location, services, size, and applicable regulations.
Hospital equipment requirements depend on the services, departments, bed capacity, and clinical functions planned for the facility.
The report covers common hospital instruments such as dressing drums, surgical trays, catheter trays, syringe cases, bed pots, urinal pots, kidney trays, spit-ons, and electrical sterilizers. It also addresses modern medical instruments and equipment for areas including pathology, radiology, X-ray, ECG, ultrasound, surgery, obstetrics and gynaecology, and other hospital departments. Equipment planning should be aligned with the hospital's functional programme and applicable technical standards.
Hospital planning typically separates clinical, diagnostic, inpatient, operating, entrance, and service functions into appropriate zones.
The report includes an entrance zone with reception, registration and waiting areas; an ambulatory zone covering nursing, treatment, consultation and casualty functions; diagnostic facilities such as pathology and optional radiology; intermediate zones containing wards, nursing stations, treatment rooms, trolley bays and stores; and critical areas such as the operating suite. Service facilities such as laundry and generators are also considered, along with circulation, utilities, fire protection, ventilation and waste disposal requirements.
Hospital location selection should consider access to resources, patients, infrastructure, services, and regulatory requirements.
The report identifies raw-material supply, markets, power and fuel, water supply, climate, transportation, waste disposal, labour availability, regulatory laws, taxes, site characteristics, community factors, and flood and fire control as important considerations. Availability of services and projected rates should also be assessed. A suitable site should support efficient hospital operations while providing appropriate access routes, utilities, environmental safeguards, and infrastructure for patient care.
Telemedicine and digital technologies can expand access to healthcare services and support more scalable delivery models.
The report highlights accelerated adoption of digital technologies, including telemedicine, as an important factor in the development of Indian healthcare. The COVID-19 pandemic further increased momentum for telemedicine and home healthcare while encouraging start-ups to develop low-cost and scalable solutions. Digital health initiatives can support communication, remote consultations, healthcare access, and more efficient delivery of selected services, particularly where conventional healthcare infrastructure is limited.
India offers investment opportunities across hospitals, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, diagnostics, healthcare technology, and related services.
The report particularly identifies opportunities from private hospital expansion into Tier 2 and Tier 3 locations, domestic pharmaceutical manufacturing, contract manufacturing and research, over-the-counter drugs, vaccines, medical devices, diagnostic and pathology centres, and miniaturised diagnostics. Ayurveda, Yoga, wellness tourism, telemedicine, and home healthcare are also highlighted as areas with growth potential. Investment decisions should consider local demand, infrastructure, regulatory requirements, operating costs, and the specific healthcare services proposed.
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