Complete Technology Hand Book on Air Freshener, Perfumes, Attar, Flavors, Deodorant, Body Mist, Fragrances, Spray and Essential Oil with Detailed Manufacturing Process with Formulations

Complete Technology Hand Book on Air Freshener, Perfumes, Attar, Flavors, Deodorant, Body Mist, Fragrances, Spray and Essential Oil with Detailed Manufacturing Process with Formulations

This comprehensive handbook delves into the world of fragrance and perfume manufacturing. It comprises multiple chapters, each offering a unique perspective on the industry. The book begins with an introduction, discussing the imprecise terminology and different fragrance notes. It explores the uses of scents, how fragrances can attract and influence, and concludes with a final verdict. This handbook is an olfactory odyssey, a journey that spans from the inception of an idea to the final spritz of a magnificent fragrance. It covers an array of topics, delving deep into the intricate world of perfumery, essential oils, and aromatic creations. Our book provides you with invaluable insights into the delicate art of crafting scents, the technology behind it, and the business aspects that make it all possible.

The book provides valuable insights for aspiring entrepreneurs interested in starting a perfume business. It outlines the steps to kickstart your venture, from learning the art of perfume making to setting prices and selling your products through various channels. Also focuses on the essentials of starting a perfume business, emphasizing factors like cost, brand identity, packaging, and the time frame for the entire process. This book delves into the classification of perfumes, discussing aromatic sources, raw materials, and the manufacturing process. It also touches on the psychology of perfumes and how they can be chosen for different personalities, and also provides a detailed overview of the perfume manufacturing process, including the ingredients used and the various extraction methods like solvent extraction and steam distillation.

For those interested in international trade, the book covers the formalities and processes required for exporting perfumes. This includes obtaining necessary registrations, conducting market research, setting prices, finding buyers, and handling documentation and shipment.

The book explores specific aspects of the perfume industry, such as packaging, quality control, ingredients, technology interventions, and various extraction methods. It also delves into related products like air fresheners, deodorants, body mists, and soaps. The book is a valuable resource for entrepreneurs, manufacturers, and enthusiasts looking to delve into the world of perfumery and fragrance production. This handbook presents a comprehensive guide to help you understand and navigate the intricate world of fragrance manufacturing, making it a valuable resource for those entering the perfume industry or expanding their knowledge in this domain.

Chapter 1

Introduction 

• Imprecise terminology
• Solvent types
• Applying fragrances 
• Fragrance notes 
• Uses 
• The Scent 
• The Perfume Attracts 
• Final Verdict 

Chapter 2

How to Start a Perfume Business? 

• Steps to Start Perfume Making Business
• Learn the Skills of Making Perfume
• Invent New Scents 
• Arrange Supplies for Perfume Making 
• Fix Pricing 
• How to Sell Perfumes? 
• Contents-cum-Index Purchase the Bottles 
• Create Your Brand 
• Finalize Your Packaging 
• Assemble the Perfume 
• Set Up a Website 
• Set Your Price 
• Decide Which Retailers to Target 
• Contract with a Mass Producer 
• Market the Perfume Line 
• Recruit Friends to Generate Buzz 

Chapter 3

Everything Need to Start a Perfume Business

• Cost 
• Understanding your brand’s values and vision 
• Developing & Manufacturing your perfume 
• Choosing the perfect bottle 
• For orders requiring 10,000+ bottles 
• Personalized packaging
• Logistics taken care of 
• Develop your perfume brand identity 
• Visual branding 
• Logo design 
• Typography
• Fig. A classic, typewriter slab serif creates a masculine look for this brand. 
• Color palette 
• Imagery 
• Label design 
• Box design 
• How long does this entire process take? 

Chapter 4

Classification of Perfumes 

• Aromatics sources 
• Plant sources 
• Citrus tree blossom 
• Resins in perfumery include myrrh 
• Animal sources 
• Other natural sources 
• Synthetic sources 
• Perfume Compositions 
• Raw Materials 
• The Manufacturing 
• Process 
• The Perfume Psychology 
• Perfumes with super powers
• Do you have a nose for things? 
• How do we choose perfumes for others? 
• What your perfume is telling about your personality 
• The Future 

Chapter 5

How to Make Perfume? 

• The Perfume Manufacturing Process 
• Ingredients Used to Make Perfume 
• Common Natural Ingredients 
• Common Synthetic Ingredients 
• Extraction Methods 
• Solvent Extraction 
• Step 1: What You Need 
• Step 2: Preparing Bottles 
• Step 3: Add the Alcohol 
• Step 4: A Note About Scents 
• Families: 
• Brand name perfume/cologne 
• For example: 
• Aromatherapy 
• Men’s Cologne 
• The Future of the Perfume Industry 

Chapter 6

How to Export Perfume? 

• Registration Formalities for Exports: 
• Opening Bank Account 
• Obtaining Importer-Exporter Code Number (IEC No.) 
• Obtaining Permanent Account Number 
• Registration with GST 
• Registration with Export Promotion Council (EPC) 
• Registration with Export Credit and Guarantee Corporation of India (ECGC) 
• Registration with other Authorities 
• Issuing Authorities 
• Selection of Product 
• Selection of Markets
• Understanding international market research 
• Stage 1. Screen potential markets 
• Stage 2. Assess target markets 
• Stage 3. Draw conclusions 
• Tip 
• Types of market research
• Online resources 
• Building your export marketing plan
• Spotlight 
• Setting prices 
• Market demand 
• Pricing strategies 
• Pricing checklist 
• Finding Buyers
• Use online directories and search engines 
• Build a website with multiple country versions 
• Use social media to connect with foreign buyers 
• Contact the Chamber of Commerce 
• How to Find the Best Market for Your Export Product 
• Pricing/Costing
• Determining Export Pricing 
• Export Costing 
• Negotiation with Buyers 
• Know the Potential of the Buyer 
• What is Important for the Buyer 
• Know the Outcome you want 
• Define the Limit of the Potential Agreement 
• Understand your Strength and Weakness 
• Negotiate with Facts and Logic 
• Work out different Scenarios 
• Have an Exit Strategy 
• Covering Risks through ECGC 
• Processing an Export Order 
• Confirmation of Order 
• Appointment of Clearing & Forwarding Agents 
• Goods to Port of Shipment 
• Port Formalities and Customs Clearance 
• Dispatch of Documents by Forwarding Agent to the Exporter: 
• Certificate of Origin 
• Dispatch of Shipment Advice to the Importer: 
• Submission of Documents to Bank: 
• Claiming Export Incentives 
• Documentation Required For Perfume Export 
• Proforma Invoice 
• Commercial Invoice 
• Packing List 
• Certificates of Origin 
• Certificate of Free Sale 
• Shipper’s Letter of Instruction 
• Inland Bill of Lading 
• Ocean Bill of Lading 
• Straight Bill of Lading 
• Negotiable Bill of Lading 
• Air Waybill 
• Dangerous Goods Forms 
• Bank Draft 
• Document for Perfume Export 

Chapter 7

Packaging of Perfumes 

• Popular Perfume Packaging Design Trends
• Perfume Labeling Best Practices 
• Perfume Bottle Labeling Equipment 
• Packaging information: Primary or secondary packaging? 
• Fonts and lettering 
• Packaging Perfume Safely 

Chapter 8

Quality Control in the Perfume Industry 

• Spectrophotometers Measure Essential Oil Quality 
• The Value of Versatility and Flexibility 
• Perfume Color Matters 

Chapter 9

Perfume Ingredients and Sources 

• The Aromatic Sources Used In Perfume Manufacture
• Plant Sources Used in Perfume Manufacturing 
• Bark 
• Flowers and Blossoms 
• Resins 
• Leaves and Twigs 
• Fruits 
• Roots, Rhizomes and Bulbs 
• Seeds 
• Woods 
• Animal Sources Used In Perfume Manufacturing 
• Ambergis 
• Civet Musk 
• Castoreum 
• Hyraceum 
• Musk 
• Synthetic Sources Used In Perfume Manufacturing 
• The Fragrance Compounds in Perfumery 
• Perfume Longevity And Fragrance Compounds 

Chapter 10

Perfume Technology Interventions 

• Extraction of Base Ingredients
• Fig.: Techniques for Extraction of Base Ingredients 
• Improved Field Distillation Units 
• Relevance for FFDC, Kannuj 
• Sample Field Distillation Unit 
• Super Critical Fluid Extraction (SCFE) 
• Relevance for FFDC, Kannuj 
• Rotary Extractors 
• Rotary Extractors used in extraction of Herbal Plants 
• Ultrasonic Extraction 
• Sample Ultrasonic Extractors 
• Sample Ultrasonic Extractor 
• Sample Ultrasonic Extractor 
• Microwave Extraction Technologies 
• Microwave Assisted Hydro-Distillation 
• Microwave extraction prototype 
• Solvent Free Microwave Extraction (SFME) 
• Blending of Essential Oils/Creation of Flavor/Fragrances 
• Artificial Intelligence Powered Fragrance Creation 
• Automation of Blending Process 
• Technology Adoption 
• Extraction/Isolation 
• Creation of Fragrances

Chapter 11

Perfume Enfleurage

• Cold enfleurage 
• Ingredients
• Equipment 
• Instructions 
• Hot enfleurage
• Ingredients 
• Equipment 
• Instructions 
• Disadvantages of the enfleurage technique
• The enfleurage technique today
• The enfleurage and the base notes 

Chapter 12

Essential Oils Distillation 

• Production of essential oils 
• Steam Distillation Process 
• Flow diagram of Steam Distillation Process 
• Solvent Extraction 
• Flow diagram of Solvent Extraction Process 
• CO2 Extraction 
• The CO2 Extraction Process 
• Maceration 
• Maceration Process 
• Maceration Process 

Chapter 13

Perfume Sofact Extraction 

• What is supercritical CO2 gas?
• Other uses of the sofact or extraction by C02 
• The raw material is treated with respect 
• Environmentally friendly technique 
• A new way of extracting odorous molecules 
• State-of-the-art technology in all areas 
• The twelve principles of green chemistry 

Chapter 14

Volatile Solvent Extraction 

• Raw materials on the perfumer’s organ
• Raw materials treated with volatile solvents 

Chapter 15

Aerosol Perfume Spray

Introduction 

Technical Support for Aerosol Perfume Spray Filling 

Aerosol Perfume Spray Filling Solutions 

Small Automatic Aerosol Filling Machine for Aerosol Perfume Spray Production

Automatic Aerosol Filling Machine for Aerosol Perfume Spray Production 

Chapter 16

Aerosols Perfume 

• Why do aerosols feel cold? 
• Propellants 
• Valve 
• Types of Aerosols 
• Atmospheric Aerosols
• Diagram of the life cycle of aerosol 
• Primary Aerosols 
• Secondary Aerosols 
• Organic Aerosols 
• Pharmaceutical Aerosols 
• Aerosols systems 
• Inhalation Aerosols 
• Nasal Aerosols 
• Uses of Aerosols 
• General Use of Aerosols 
• Beauty & Cosmetics 
• Home 
• Food & Beverage 
• Health Care & Medical 
• How Aerosol are Cans Made? 
• How Are Aluminum Aerosol Can Made? 
• Valve and Dip Tube 
• Types of Valves 
• Bag on Valve 
• Female Valve 
• Metered Dose 
• 360° (Up/Down Valve) 
• 20mm Valve
• Lighter Refill Valve 
• Actuator or Button 
• Cap
• Active Ingredient 
• Propellant 
• How Do Aerosol Cans Work?
• Components of Aerosol Cans 
• Product Flow through the Valve 
• Non-Propellant Aerosol Can 
• Non-Aerosol Can (Spray Pump Can) 
• Non-aerosol can (spray pump can) 
• Can (Aluminum Aerosol Can & Aerosol Tin Can) 
• Aerosol Can Shapes 
• Straight-wall CANS 
• Necked-in Cans 

Chapter 17

Antiperspirant/Deodorant Stick 

• Raw Materials 
• Active ingredients 
• Gelling agents 
• Other ingredients 
• Manufacturing Process 
• Batching 
• Filling 
• Finishing operations 
• Quality Control 
• Safety testing 
• Efficacy testing 
• Byproducts/Waste

Chapter 18

Body Mist 

• Use 
• Fragrance layering 
• Refershing Your Wardrobe 
• Fragrance 
• Water, alcohol, and oil concentration 
• Longevity 
• Hydration and Safety on Skin 
• Price 

Chapter 19

Air Freshener 

• Design 
• An electrical plug-in air freshener 
• Raw Materials 
• The Manufacturing Process 
• Fragrance pack construction 
• Heater construction 
• Final assembly and packaging 
• Quality Control

Chapter 20

Deodorant 

• Classification 
• Deodorant 
• Deodorant antiperspirant 
• Product formulations and formats 
• Formulations 
• Methenamine-based antiperspirant for treatment of excessive sweating 
• Formats 

Chapter 21

Production of Deodorant 

• Deodorant manufacture 
• Key Steps in the Manufacturing Process of Deodorant 
• The Deodorant Batching Process 
• The Deodorant Filling Process
• The Final Finishing Operations 

Chapter 22

Deodorant, Air Freshener, Body Spray Production 

• Product description 
• Suitable for all typical aerosol products 
• Key Benefits: 
• Technical Data 
• Technical Parameter 
• Main Features
• Liquid filling, Valve supplying & sealing machine 
• Sealing & Gas filling machine 
• Automatic weighting machine 
• Automatic water bath leak tester 
• Automatic spray nozzle presser 
• Automatic cap presser 

Chapter 23

How to Start a Fragrance Business: Everything You Need To Know 

• Introduction
• Recognize the Market 
• Business Plan for Perfume Manufacturing 
• Give Your Company a Name.
• Make Your Perfume Manufacturing Company Legal 
• Maintain proper accounting records
• Gather Perfume-Making Materials 
• Establish a pricing strategy 
• What is the Best Way to Sell Perfumes?
• Market the Perfume Line 
• Cosmetic License Registration 
• Fees for Cosmetic License 
• Craft a business plan 
• Identify your target audience 
• Identify Advertising Factors 

Chapter 24

Fragrances

• What Is The Difference Between Fragrance, Perfume, Toilette and Cologne?
• The Life Cycle of Fragrances
• Linear vs Non Linear Fragrances
• Both have their purposes
• Designer or Niche 
• Pricing 
• How to Select and Buy the Right Perfume 
• How to test fragrances: 196
• Rules for Perfume Application 
• The Average Lifespan of Perfume 

Chapter 25

Specifications in the Flavour and Fragrance Industry 

• Quality Assurance 
• Quality control 
• Fragrance Quality 
• Quality of natural ingredient 
• Quality of synthetic ingredient 
• Chemical Analysis 
• Organoleptic Analysis 
• Odour evaluations 
• Flavour evaluations 
• Instrumental Methods of Analysis 

Chapter 26

Fragrance Extraction

• Organic solvent extraction 
• Supercritical fluid extraction 
• Ethanol extraction 
• CO2 Extraction 
• Expression (Cold-Press Extraction) 
• Distillation 
• Steam distillation 
• Dry/destructive distillation 
• Fractionation distillation 
• Expression 
• Enfleurage 

Chapter 27

Head Spaces or Nature Print 

• Raw materials on the perfumer’s organ 
• What is a Headspace?
• How does Headspace work? 
• What are the advantages of Head Space?
• Discovery of new raw materials
• The possibility of analyzing original atmospheres
• The Jungle Essence extraction process

Chapter 28

When does Perfume Actually Expire? 

• Does Perfume Expire?
• What Determines How Long Perfume Can Last?
• How Long Does Perfume Last?
• How to Tell if a Perfume Has Gone Bad? 
• How Long Can a Perfume Last if Unopened? 
• How to Extend the Perfume Expiration Date? 
• Is Using an Expired Perfume Safe? 
• What to Do With an Expired Perfume? 
• Key Takeaways 

Chapter 29

The Production of Natural Perfumes 

• The perfume in the plant 
• Expression 
• Maceration/Solvent extraction 
• Ecuelle a Piquer 
• Distillation 
• Expression 
• Enfleurage 
• Supercritical CO2 
• Volatile Solvents 

Chapter 30

Soap Perfumery 

• The above illustrations show the kettle process of making soap
• The Manufacturing
• Process 
• The Kettle Process 
• Boiling 
• Salting 
• Strong change
• Pitching 
• The Continuous Process
• Splitting 
• Mixing 
• Cooling and finishing 
• Milling 
• Byproducts 
• Shaving Soap 
• Shaving soaps or Shaving sticks 
• Shaving Creams 
• Lather Shaving Cream 
• Oils and fats
• Alkalis 
• Glycerin 
• Electrolytes 
• Perfume and other additives 
• Manufacture of shaving cream 
• Aerosol shaving foams 
• Brushless shaving creams 
• Transparent Soaps 
• Super-Fatted Toilet Soaps
• Shaving soaps
• Shaving Cream 
• Raw Materials
• Transparent Soaps 
• Translucent soap base
• Transparent soap
• Raw materials required for different types of soap
• Superfatted soap enriched with honey 
• Superfatted soap enriched with shea butter or cocoa butter 
• Superfatted soap enriched with shea butter and green clay
• Superfatted soap enriched with Moabi butter, aloe vera and white clay 
• Olive oil soap 
• The Milling Process 
• Soap stretching
• Soap lamination
• Soap Roll mill
• Roll Mill for soap manufacturing 
• Three Roll Mill
• Rolls
• Structural Strength & Rigidity 
• Hydraulics 
• Scraper and Flaking Rolls (if present) 
• Cooling 
• Power Distribution 
• Control Panel 
• Maintenance 
• Perfumes 
• No. 1185 
• No. 1186 
• Soap compounds 
• Acacia Soap, no. 1187 
• Acacia Soap, no. 1188 
• Almond 
• Almond Soap, no. 1189 
• Almond Soap, no. 1190 
• Amber 
• Amber Soap. no. 1191 
• Amber Soap, no. 1192 
• Buttermilk, no. 1193 
• Buttermilk, no. 1194 
• Bouquet, no. 1195 
• Bouquet, no. 1196 
• Brown Windsor 
• Brown Windsor, no. 1197 
• Brown Windsor, no. 1198 
• Cedar wood, no. 1199 
• Cedar, no. 1200 
• Carnation 
• Carnation Soap, no. 1201 
• Carnation Soap. no. 1202 
• Chypre
• Chypre Soap. no. 1203 
• Chypre Soap. no. 1204 
• Odour classification 
• Curd, no. 1205 
• Curd, no. 1206 
• Cologne 
• Cologne Soap, no. 1207
• Odour classification
• Cologne Soap. no. 1208 
• Cyclamen
• Cyclamen Soap, no. 1209 
• Cyclamen Soap, no. 1210 
• Fougre 
• Fern Soap, no. 1211 
• Fern Soap, no. 1212 
• Glycerine and Cucumber, no. 1213 
• Glycerine and Cucumber, no. 1214 
• Heliotrope 
• Heliotrope Soap, no. 1215 
• Heliotrope Soap, no. 1216 
• Herb, no. 1217 
• Herb, no. 1218 
• Honey, no. 1219 
• Honey, no. 1220 
• Hyacinth 
• Hyacinth Soap, no. 1221 
• Hyacinth Soap, no. 1222 
• Jasmin 
• Jasmin Soap, no. 1223 
• Jasmin Soap, no. 1224
• Lavender 
• Lavender Soap, no. 1225
• Lavender Soap, no. 1226 
• Lilac 
• Lilac Soap, no. 1227 
• Lilac Soap, no. 1228 
• Lily 
• Lily Soap, no. 1229 
• Lily Soap, no. 1230 
• May Blossom, no. 1231 
• May Blossom, no. 1232 
• Musk, no. 1233
• Narcissus
• Narcissus Soap, no. 1235 
• Narcissus Soap, no. 1236 
• Opoponax 
• Opoponax Soap, no. 1237 
• Opoponax Soap, no. 1238 
• Palm and Olive Oils, no. 1239 
• Palm and Olive Oils, no. 1240
• Pine Bouquet, no. 1241 
• Pine Bouquet, no. 1242
• Rose
• Rose Soap, no. 1243
• Rose Soap, no. 1244
• Santal Soap, no. 1245 
• Santal Soap, no. 1246 
• Shaving Stick, no. 1247 
• Shaving Stick, no. 1248 
• Sweet Pea
• Sweet Pea Soap, no. 1249
• Sweet Pea Soap, no. 1250 
• Transparent, no. 1251 
• Transparent, no. 1252 
• Tretle, no. 1253 
• Trefle, no. 1254 
• Verbena 
• Verbena Soap, no. 1255 
• Verbena Soap, no. 1256 
• Violet 
• Violet Soap, no. 1257 
• Violet Soap, no. 1258 
• Antiseptic and medicated soaps 
• No. 1259 
• No. 1260 

Chapter 31

Formulation of Perfumes 

• Acacia
• Acetic Acid, Tincture
• Alpestrine, Perfume 
• Amber, Base 
• Amber, Concrete (Fixative) 
• Amber, Liquid (Chypre Basis)
• Ambergris, Perfume Imitation No. 1 
• Ambergris, Perfume Imitation No. 2 
• Ambergris, Tincture 
• Bergammonia, Disinfectant 
• Bergamot, Essence (Natural) No. 1 
• Bergamot, Essence (Natural) No. 2 
• Bouquet, No. 1 (For Soap) 
• Bouquet, No. 2 (For Soap) 
• Bouvardia
• Calamus, Imitation No. 1
• Calamus, Imitation No. 2 
• Camphor, Tincture 
• Cananga (For Soap) 
• Capsicum 
• Carnation, Imitation No. 1 
• Carnation, Imitation No. 2 
• Carnation (For Soap) 
• Carnation, Pink (Perfume) 
• Castor, Tincture No. 1 
• Castor, Tincture No. 2 
• Cedrela, "Wood Type"
• Citronella (For Soap) 
• Coconut, Extract (Natural)
• Coconut, Paste 
• Cologne 
• Color Base Standard Formula No. 1 
• Color Base Standard Formula No. 2 
• Color Mixture 
• Colors (Natural Dyes) 
• Cover Odor, Perfume No. 1 
• Cover Odor, Perfume No. 2 
• Cover Odor, Perfume No. 3 
• Cyclamen, Base (Synthetic) 
• Cyclamen (For Soap) 
• Deodorant for Cream 
• Deodorant for Vessels 
• Deodorant for Water 
• Deodorants (Masking Agent)
• Deodorants (Masking Agent) For Heavy Odors 
• Deodorants (Masking Agent) Grassy Odors
• Diacetyl, Tincture 
• Eau De Cologne 
• Eau De Cologne (For Soap) 
• Eglantine (Wild Rose) 
• Esters, General Base
• Fenugreek, Tincture
• Fern (For Soap) 
• Floral Fragrance (For Soap) 
• Floral, Imitation No. 1 
• Floral, Imitation No. 2 
• Fougere 
• Fougere, Base (Fern) 
• Frangipani, Imitation No.1 (Acutifolia, Alba, Rubra) 
• Frangipani, Imitation No. 2 
• Frangipani, Imitation No. 3 
• Frangipani, Imitation No. 4 
• Freshener, Perfume 
• Gardenia, Base 
• Geranium
• Geranium, Imitation (For Soap) 
• Geranium, Synthetic 
• Gingergrass (For Soap) 
• Girofle, Imitation No. 1 
• Girofle, Imitation No. 2 
• Halo, Sea Salt Odor
• Hawthorn 
• Hawthorn (For Soap) 
• Heliotrope (For Soap) 
• Herbal Base "Gold Water" 
• HIP, Extract (Natural) 
• HIP, Imitation No. 1 
• Honey, Synthetic (For Perfume)
• Honeysuckle 
• Hyacinth 
• Ionone 
• Iris 
• Iris, Synthetic 
• Jasmine (For Brilliantine) 
• Jasmine "Grandiflora"
• Jasmine, Imitation No. 1 
• Jasmine, Imitation No. 2 
• Jasmine, Imitation No. 3 (For Soap) 
• Jasmine, Infusion
• Jasmine, Synthetic No. 1
• Jasmine, Synthetic No. 2
• Jasmine, Synthetic No. 3 
• Jasmine, Synthetic No. 4 
• Jasmine, Synthetic No. 5 
• Jasmine, Synthetic No. 6 
• Jonquil (Daffodil), Imitation
• Jonquil (Daffodil), Synthetic 
• Lavender, Essence (Natural) 
• Lavender, Imitation No. 1 
• Lavender Imitation No. 2 
• Lavender, Imitation No. 3 
• Lavender, Imitation No. 4 
• Lavender, Imitation No. 5 
• Lavender, Imitation No. 6 
• Lavender, Imitation No. 7 
• Lavender, Imitation No. 8 
• Lavender, Imitation No. 9 
• Lavender, Imitation No. 10 
• Lavender, Imitation No. 11 
• Lavender, Imitation No. 12 (For Soap) 
• Lavender, Sweet 
• Leather
• Lilac, Imitation No. 1
• Lilac, Imitation No. 2
• Lilac, Imitation No. 3
• Lilac, Imitation No. 4 
• Lilac, Imitation No. 5 
• Lilac, Imitation No. 6 
• Lilac, Imitation No. 7 
• Lilac, Imitation No. 8 
• Lilac, Imitation No. 9 (For Soap) 
• Lilac, Synthetic No. 1 (For Soap) 
• Lilac, Synthetic No. 2 (For Soap)
• Lily, Base 
• Magnolia 
• Mignonette (Reseda) 
• Mimosa, Imitation 
• Mimosa, Synthetic 
• Moss 
• Muguet (Lily of the Valley), Imitation No. 1 
• Muguet (Lily of the Valley), Imitation No. 2 
• Muguet (Lily of the Valley), Imitation No., 3 (For Soap) 
• Muguet (Lily of the Valley), Synthetic No. 1 
• Muguet (Lily of the Valley), Synthetic No. 2 
• Musk 
• Musk, Imitation No. 1 (For Powder) 
• Musk, Imitation No. 2 (For Soap) 
• Narcissus, Imitation No. 1 (For Powder) 
• Narcissus, Imitation No. 2 (For Cologne)
• Narcissus, Imitation No. 3 (For Cologne) 
• Narcissus, Imitation No. 4 "Poeticus" (For Cologne) 
• Narcissus, Imitation No. 5 (For Soap) 
• Narcissus, Synthetic No. 1 
• Narcissus, Synthetic No. 2 
• Narcissus, Synthetic No. 3 
• Narcissus, Synthetic No. 4 
• Neroli, Imitation No. 1 
• Neroli, Imitation No. 2 
• Neroli, Imitation No. 3 
• Neroli, Imitation No. 4 (For Soap) 
• Nerolin (B-naphthyl methyl ether or B-naphthyl ethyl ether) 
• Deodorizing Perfume 
• New Mown Hay (Foin Coupe) Imitation No. 1 
• New Mown Hay (Foin Coupe) Imitation No. 2 
• New Mown Hay (Foin Coupe) Imitation No. 3 
• Opoponax, Imitation No. 1 
• Opoponax, Imitation No. 2 
• Opoponax, Imitation No. 3 
• Opoponax, Imitation No. 4 (For Soap) 
• Orange Blossom, Bouquet (For Soap) 
• Orange Flower, Imitation No. 1 
• Orange Flower, Imitation No. 2 
• Orange Flower, Imitation No. 3 
• Orange Flower, Synthetic No. 4 
• Orchid, Imitation
• Orris Root, Extract (Natural) 
• Orris Root, Florentine
• Orris Root, Synthetic 
• Patchouli, Imitation No. 1 (For Soap) 
• Patchouli, Imitation No. 2 (For Toilet Powder)
• Pine, Bouquet (For Soap)
• Pine, Imitation No. 1 
• Pine, Imitation No. 2 
• Pine Needle 
• Pine Needle, Siberian, Imitation No. 1 
• Pine Needle, Siberian, Imitation No. 2 
• Pine Needle, Siberian, Imitation No. 3
• Rose, Bulgarian Type 
• Rose, For Cream 
• Rose, For Face Powder No. 1 
• Rose, For Face Powder No. 2
• Rose, Imitation No. 1 
• Rose, Imitation No. 2 
• Rose, Imitation No. 3 
• Rose, Imitation No. 4
• Rose, Imitation No. 5 (For Cosmetic Cream)
• Rose, Imitation No. 6 (For Soap) 
• Rose, Imitation No. 7
• Rose, Imitation No. 8 
• Rose, Imitation No. 9 (For Perfume) 
• Rose, Imitation No. 10 
• Rose, Imitation No. 11 
• Rose, Imitation No. 12 
• Rose, Imitation, No. 13 
• Rose, Imitation No. 14 
• Rose, Imitation No. 15 
• Rose, Imitation No. 16 
• Rose, Imitation No. 17
• Rose, Imitation No. 18 
• Rose, Imitation No. 19 
• Rose, Imitation No. 20 
• Rose, Macedone 
• Rose, Moss 
• Rose, Oil, Synthetic 
• Rose, Oriental 
• Rose Otto 
• Rose, Synthetic No.1 (General Base for Rose Odor) 
• Rose, Synthetic No. 2 
• Rose, Synthetic No. 3
• Rose, Synthetic No. 4 (Milk-Like Compound) 
• Rose, White
• Sandalwood "Santal," (For Soap) 
• Sassafras, For Soap No. 1 
• Sassafras, For Soap No. 2 
• Sebacic Acid, Stabilizer for Perfume 
• Soap, Perfume No. 1
• Soap, Perfume No. 2 
• Soap, Perfume No. 3 
• Soap, Perfume No. 4 
• Soap, Perfume, No. 5
• Sweet Pea, Blossom
• Syringa, Imitation No. 1
• Syringa, Imitation No. 2
• Tobacco for Snuff 
• Tobacco Perfumes, General Basic Material No. 1 
• Tobacco Perfumes, General Basic Material No. 2
• Tobacco, Strong Odor
• Trefle (Clover, Trefoil) (For Soap)
• Tuberrose, Imitation (For Soap)
• Tuberose, Synthetic
• Uny Cologne, Perfume Base
• Vaporous Perfume, Imitation No., 1
• Vaporous Perfume, Imitation No. 2
• Vaporous Perfume, Imitation No. 3
• Violet, For Face Powder
• Violet, Imitation No. 1
• Violet, Imitation No. 2
• Violet, Imitation No. 3
• Violet, Imitation No. 4 (For Soap) 
• Violet, Imitation No. 5 (For Soap)
• Violet, Imitation No. 6
• Violet Leaf 
• Violet, Synthetic
• Wallflower
• Wintergreen, Imitation (For Soap) 
• Stir. Filter. Ylang Ylang, Imitation No. 1 
• Ylang Ylang, Imitation No. 2 
• Ylang Ylang, Imitation No. 3 
• Ylang Ylang, Imitation No. 4 
• Ylang Ylang, Imitation No. 5
• Ylang Ylang, Synthetic No. 1
• Ylang Ylang, Synthetic No. 2

Chapter 32

Flower Perfumes with Formulations

• Rose
• Rose Extender 1
• Jasmin
• Jasmonone No. 4a
• Orange flower and neroli
• Violet
• Acacia
• Broom
• Carnation
• Cyclamen
• Fougere (Fern) 
• Gardenia 
• Hawthorn 
• Heliotrope 
• Honeysuckle
• Hyacinth 
• Iris 
• Lilac
• Lily-of-the-valley 
• Linden (Lime Blossom) 
• Magnolia 
• Mignonette (Reseda) 
• Mimosa 
• Narcissus 
• Nardo 
• New mown hay 
• Nicotiana 
• Opopanax
• Orchid (Orchidee)
• Pansy 
• Peony 
• Phlox
• Stock 
• Sweet pea
• Syringa (Philadelphus) 
• Trefle (clover) 
• Tuberose 
• Verbena 
• Wallflower 
• Wistaria 
• Ylang-ylang

Chapter 33

Manufacture of Natural Perfumes with Formulations 

• The perfume in the plant 
• The separation of natural odoriferous materials 
• Distillation 
• Expression 
• Extraction 
• Enfleurage
• Strength of alcohol 
• Absolutes with synthetics 
• Extraction with liquid CO2 
• Extraction with butane
• Production seasons 
• Yields per 100 kilos

Chapter 34

Sophisticated or Fantasy Perfumes

• Aldehyde blend for rose 1
• Bouvardia 50 
• Carnation 20 extra 
• Carnation 50 extra 
• Chypre 
• Cuir 50 
• Cyclamen 10 
• Dianthus 10 
• Accord N° 207607 Floral rose (Firmenich) 
• Accord N° 207744 Floral rose (Firmenich) 
• Accord N° 207662 Floral rose (Firmenich) 
• Accord N° 208698 Floral rose (Firmenich) 
• Accord N° 207564 Floral rose woody (Firmenich) 
• Fragrance composition 
• Hyacinth 20 
• Lemon fragrance no. 1
• Lemon fragrance no. 2
• Miel 10
• Orchid 10 
• Accord N° 208696 Rose (Firmenich) 
• Accord N° 207808 Rose (Firmenich) 
• Accord Number 1240 - Dewey Rose (IFF) 
• Rose 20 
• Rose 50 
• Rose 90 
• Rose composition 
• Rose extender 1 
• Rose F (perfume) 
• Rose floral 
• Rose formulation 
• Rose H (perfume) 
• Accord N° 207626 Rose jasmin (Firmenich) 
• Rose M S (perfume) 
• Rose no. 1 (extended) 
• Rose no. 2 (extended) 
• Rose no. 3 (extended) 
• Rose note 
• Rose odor for use in deodorants and antiperspirants 
• Rose perfume 
• Rose rouge (perfume) 
• Rose type 
• Rose w 
• Accord N° 208605 Rose woody (Firmenich) 
• Tabac 10 
• Tabac 20 

Chapter 35

ISO Standards 

• ISO 22715 
• ISO 22716 Cosmetic Standard
• International Standards for cosmetics. 
• WG 6 GMP - Highlights 
• Definitions: Natural & Natural Derived
• Definitions Organic & Organic Derived 
• Summary ISO: 16128 Part 1 & 2 

Chapter 36

BIS Specifications

• BIS Standards for Cosmetics: Presence of Heavy Metals
• Standards Related To the Colouring Agent 
• How to Get Registered Under BIS? 
• What Are the BIS Norms For? The Use of Dyes and Pigments in Cosmetics? 
• What Is the Service Tenure of A BIS Certification? 
• Maximum Authorized Concentration of Chemical in Finished Cosmetic Products (As Per IS 4707-2 (2009) 

Chapter 37

Factory Layout and Process Flow Chart and Diagrams 

• Factory Layout Design? 
• Value Stream Mapping 
• Spaghetti Diagram 
• Plant Layout Flow 
• Layout and process flow chart 
• Perfume making Process 

Chapter 38

Plant Economics of Aerosol - Deodorant 

• Introduction 
• Antiperspirants Vs Deodorants 
• Manufacturing Process 
• Formulation of deodorant perfume spray 
• Formulation and Process of Perfumes 
• Formulation of Deodarant Spray (Non Alcoholic) 
• Plant Economics 
• Land & Building 
• Plant & Machinery 
• Process Flow Diagram 
• Dispatch for Marketing 
• Fixed Capital 
• Working Capital Requirement/Month 
• Total Capital Investment 
• Turn Over/Annum 

Chapter 39

Plant Economics of Agarbatti Synthetic Perfumery Compounds and Agarbatti Compounds like Champa, Mogra, Sandal Wood and Loban 

• Introduction 
• Manufacturing process of agarbatti perfumery compound 
• Formulation of agarbatti Compounding (powder) 
• Formulation of Benzoin (Incense) 
• Formulation of Flora Agarbatti 
• Manufacturing flow diagram of perfumery compound for agarbatti
• Solid coarse ingredients
• Manufacturing process of flora agarbatti 
• Formulation of dammey agarbatti
• Manufacturing process of dommey agarbatti
• Process flow diagram of flora agarbatti
• Process flow diagram of demmey agarbatti 
• Plant Economics
• Working capital requirement/month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

Chapter 40

Plant Economics of Essence/Flavour used in Pan Masala 

• Introduction
• Formulations
• Formulation of Tobacco Flavors 
• Tobacco Flavor Enhances 
• Formulation of flavours used in tobacco
• Process flow diagram for the manufacture of different flavours
• Plant Economics 
• Total Capital Investment 

Chapter 41

Plant Economics of Essential Oil Extraction Plant (Steam Distillation, Solvent Extraction, Super Critical Fluid Extraction) 

• Introduction 
• Major Raw Materials Used in Extraction of Essential Oil 
• Pharamacological Properties of Essential Oils 
• Chemical constituents of essential oils
• Eucalyptus Oil Extraction Process
• Extraction of Ginger Oil 
• Manufacturing process of turmeric oil by steam distillation
• Process Flow Diagram of Turmeric Oil Using Steam Distillation
• Manufacturing Process of Curcumin and Turmeric Oil
• Details of Solvent Extraction Method
• Manufacturing Flow Diagram
• Plant Economics
• Land & Building

Chapter 42

Plant Economics of Herbal Extract and Essential Oil

• Introduction
• Types of Extract (Herbal)
• Manufacturing process of herbal extract
• Process flow diagram of herbal extract
• Extraction details of bacopa monneiera extract
• Plant Economics
• Land & Building
• Plant & Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Working Capital Requirement/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

Chapter 43

Plant Economics of Industrial Fragrance and Flavour used in Detergents, Cosmetics, Juices, Ice Cream

• Introduction
• Formulations of various flavours
• Manufacturing Process
• Formulation of synthetic perfumes
• Plant Economics
• Plant & Machinery
• Process flow diagram for the manufacture of different flavours
• Fixed Capital
• Working Capital Requirement/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

Chapter 44

Plant Economics of Perfume Manufacturing Unit

• Introduction
• Process of manufacture
• Process of Manufacture
• Process flow diagram for rose perfume
• Process flow diagram for lavender perfume
• Process flow diagram for lilly perfume
• PPlant Economics
• Plant & Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Working capital requirement/month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

Chapter 45

Plant Economics of Scent and Perfume

• Introduction
• Process of Manufacture
• Extraction Process
• Extraction Volatile Solvent
• Extraction of Jasmine Oil
• How to Distill Roses
• How to Extract Lavender Oil
• Plant Economics
• Land & Building