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HAND BOOK OF ELECTROPLATING ANODIZING & SURFACE FINISHING TECHNOLOGY
Principles of Electroplating
- The Electro Chemical Series
- Electrodeposition
- Electrochemical Terms
- Using a Copper Anode
- Using an Inert Anode
- Ionic Dissociation
- Butters
- pH of a Solution
- Complex or Double Salts
- Rate of Deposition
- Faraday's Laws
- Relation Between the Faraday & Mass of Metal Deposited
- Current Efficienty
- Anode Efficiency
- Current Density
- Calculation of Plating Times
- Average & Minimum Thickness Values
- Specification requirements
- Polarisation
- Cell Voltage
- Anodes
- Insoluble Anodes
- Auxiliary & Internal Anodes
- Bi-Polar Electrodes
- Process Chart
Technology of Cleaning Pickling & Dipping
- Preliminary Cleaning & Degreasing Solvent Cleaning
- Common Solvents used in Metal Cleaning with Comparisons
- Aqueous Neutral Detergent Pre-Cleaners
- Mersol Soak Cleaner
- Solution Composition
- Solution Preparation
- Operating Conditions
- Operating Procedure
- Ultrasonic Cleaning
- Alkaline Cleaners
- Hot Alkaline Cleaners
- Classification of Metal Cleaners
- Electrolytic Cleaning
- Equipment for Hot Alkaline Cleaners
- Oil Separation Units
- Barrel Cleaning
- Activax Cleaners
- Equipment
- Solution Concentration & Operating Conditions
- Solution Preparation
- Cleaning of Zinc Alloy Die Castings
- Barrel Cleaning
- Solution Maintenance
- Solution Concentration & Operating Conditions
- Solution Preparation
- Cleaning of Zinc Base Alloy Die Castings
- Cleaner 45
- Equipment
- solution preparation
- Solution Concentration & Operating Conditions
- Solution Maintenance
- Multiklense
- Anozyn
- 10-55 Cleaner
- Operating Conditions
- Emphax
- Equipment
- Operating Conditions
- Zonax Metal Cleaner
- Anodax Metal Cleaner
- Kelco Cleaner
- Solution Composition
- Operating Conditions & Procedure
- Maintenance of Metal Cleaners
- Additions of Metal Cleaner
- Pickling & Dipping
- Choice of Pickling or Dipping Solution
- Zonax Dry Acid Salt
- Equipment
- Solution Concentration & Operating Conditions
- Sulphuric Acid Pickling
- Solution Composition
- Operating Conditions
- Solution Maintenance
- Hydrochloric Acid Pickling
- Solution Composition
- Operating Procedure
- Skalene Pickle for Iron & Steel
- Alkaline Deruster Salts
- Addition Uses of Alkaline Deruster Salts
- Equipment
- Cyanide Free Solution for Rust Removal
- Solution Composition
- Treatment of High Tensile Steels
- Spray Suppression
- Effluent Treatment
- Hydrofluoric Acid Pickling
- Pickling of Magnesium Alloys
- Pickling of Stainless Steel
- Pickle Aid
- Bright Dipping of Copper Alloys
- Aqua Fortis Bright Dipping Acid
- Bright Dipping Procedure
- Chromic Acid Dip for Brass Copper & Its Alloys
- Nitric Pree Bright Dip C22924 for Copper & Its Alloys
- Barrel Pickling
- Cyanide Containing Cleaners
- Anodic Sulphuric Acid Etching or Iron & Steel
- Acid Etching of Steel & Iron Before Heavy Deposition
- Plating on Aluminium & Its Alloys
- Standard Process Sequence for Electroplating on Aluminium & Its Alloys
- Modification to the Standard Process
- Dips & Rinses
- Rinsing or Swilling
- Scouring
Electrolytic & Chemical Processes for the Polishing of Metals
- Electropolishing Solutions
- Aluminium & Aluminium Alloys
- Aluminium Electropolishing Solution
- Electropolishing of Mechanically polished Aluminium Process
- Stainless Steel
- Process Sequence
- Copper, brass & Nickel Silver
- Process Sequence
- Chemical Pokishing of Aluminium
- Typical Operating Conditions
- Procedure
Nickel Plating
- Properties of Nickel
- Decorative Finishes
- Preparation of Nickel Plating Solutions
- Purified Nickel Base Solution & Brighteners
- Preparation of Nickel Solutions from Nickel Salts
- Preparation of Nickel Solution from Individual Chemical & Brighteners
- Purification of a New Solution
- Acidity pH Control
- Correction of Possible Operating Faults in Surfol Nickel Solution
- Black Nickel
- Nigrax Black Nickel Plating Solution
- Solution Composition
- Operating Procedure
- Preparation of Lettered Name Plates
- Dull Nickel Plating solutions
- Preparation of Dull Nickel Plating Solution
- Albo Nickel Solution
- Nickel Plating Procedure
- Immersion Processes for Zinc Base Die Castings
Chromium Plating
- Preparation of Chromium Plating Solution
- Decorative Chromium Plating Solutions
- Typical Operating Conditions for Chromium Plating Solutions
- Zonax Bright Chrome Solution
- Analytical Standards
- Chromium Plating Procedure
- Plating Procedure
- Processes After Plating
Hard Chromium Plating
- Typical Operating Conditions for Hard Chromium Plating Solutions
- Hard Chrome Solution
- Plating Procedure
- Treatment Prior to Hard Chromium Plating
- Plating Conditions
- Treatment After Deposition
- Heat Treatment of Steels After Plating
- Finishing Hard Chromium Deposits
- Grinding of Hard Chromium Deposits
Copper Plating
- Properties of Copper
- Decorative Applications
- Functional Applications
- Copper Plating Solutions
- Copper Solutions
- Solution Composition
- Operating Conditions
- Cyanide Copper Solutions
- Special Techniques Used in Printing Applications
- Building up Copper
- Cylinders
- Skin Deposits
- Cast Iron & Steel Cylinders
- Aluminium Cylinders
Electroforming
- Applications of Electroforming
- Materials for Electroforming
- Nickel Solutions
- Nickel/Cobalt Alloy solutions
- Copper Plating Solutions
- Sodium High Sulphate Nickel Solution
- Operating Techniques
- Mandrels for Electroforms
- Permanent Mandrels
- Electroformed Nickel
- Expendable Mandrels
Prass Plating
- Decorative Brass Plating
- Zonax Brass Solution for Decorative & General Plating
- Plating Procedure
- Barrel Brass Plating
Silver Plating
- Properties of Silver
- Applications
- Plating Solutions
- Rates of Deposition & Specification Requirements
- Thickness of Deposit
- solution Composition
- Solution Preparation
- Operating Conditions
- Barrel Silver Plating & Zonax Silver Solution
- Analytical Standards
- Preparation of Articles for Silver Plating
- Silver Strikes
- Alternative Procedure Using Nickel Undercoat
- Silvering By Immersion
Gold Plating (Gilding)
- Properties of Gold
- Application of Gold Plating
- Rates of Deposition & Specification Requirements
- Rates of Deposition of Gold Solution in Minutes
- Gold Deposits & Solutions
- Ultra Pure Gold Deposits
- General Gold Plating Procedure
- Traditional Gold Plating Practice (Gilding)
- Stripping Gold Deposits
- Electrolytic Process for Stripping Flux & Oxide from Gold
Cadmium Plating
- Properties of Cadmium
- Applications & Corrosion Resistance
- Cadmium Deposits on Non Ferrous Metals
- Cadmium Plating Solutions
- Cadmium Plating Salts
- Zonax Cadmium Plating Solution
- Operating Conditions
- Cadmium Solution for Barrel Plating
- Analytical Standards
- Kadamax High Speed Bright Cadmium Plating Solution
- Equipment
- Solution Composition
- Operating Conditions
- Cadmium Plating Procedure
- Treatment After Cadmium Plating
- Chromic Acid Dip
- Stripping Cadmium Deposits
- Correction of Paults in Cadmium Plating
Zinc Plating
- Properties of Zinc
- Applications & Corrosion Resistance
- Specification Requirements & Rates of Deposition
- Thickness Requirements for Zinc Deposits
- Determination of Thickness of Zinc Deposit
- Rate of Deposition
- Zinc Plating Equipment
- Zinc Plating Solutions
- Cyanide Zinc Plating Solutions
- Cyanide Zinc Plating Procedure
- Cleaning & Preparation of Work
- Treatment After Zinc Plating
- Bright Zinc Plating
- Dilute Nitric Acid Bright Dip
Tin & Tin Alloy Plating
- Properties of Tin
- Applications
- Thin Plating Solutions
- Rates of Deposition & Specification Requirements
- Rates of Deposition
- Deposit Specifications
- Alkaline Stannate Tin Plating Processes
- Zonax Stannic Plating Solution
- Tin Alloy Plating
- Tin Lead Alloy Plating
- Equipment
- Solution Composition
- Operating Conditions
- Rate of Deposition
- Solution Maintenance
- Special Techniques used in Printing Applications
- Tin Zinc Alloy Plating
- Equipment
- Solution Composition
- Operating Conditions
- Rate of Deposition
- Solution Maintenance
- Special Techniques used in Printing Applications
- Tin zinc Alloy Plating
- Equipment
- Solution composition & Preparation
- Operating Conditions
- Solution Maintenance
- Chemical Passivation of Tin Zinc Deposit
- Tin Nickel Alloy Plating
- Tin Copper Alloy Plating
- Bronze Plating Solution
- Equipment
- Solution composition
- Operating Conditions
- Rate of Deposition
- Solution Maintenance
- Analytical Standards
Plating for Electronics
- Printed Circuits
- Print & Etch Circuits
- Specialist Processes for Printed Circuit Production
- Etching
- Finishing
- Plated Through Hole Circuits
- Additive Circuity
- Gold Plating of Edge Connectors
- 65 Copper Etchant for Printed Circuit
- Equipment
- Solution Composition
- Operating Conditions
- Solution Maintenance
- Analysis of 65 Copper Etchant
- Copper Recovery
- P.D. Activator for Printed Circuits
- Solution Composition
- Cuprasol PTH Copper Plating Process
- PTH Tin/Lead Plating Solution
- Dekote Pb/Sn 1
The Plating of Plastics & Other Non Metallic Materials
- Plating on Plastics
- Applications & Advantages
- Properties of Plated Plastics
- Moulding for Plating on Plastics
- Simplas Process
- Process Sequence
- Equipment
- Swilling or Rinsing
- Cleaning
- Pre Etch
- Hot Alkaline Cleaner
- Etching
- Etch Composition for ABS Type Polymers
- Etch Composition:for PP Polymers
- Solution Preparation
- Analytical Standards
- Neutralising
- solution Composition
- Acceleration
- Niplas Electroless Nickel
- Equipment
- Solution Composition
- Operating Conditions
- Electroplating on Electroless Nickel Plated Surfaces
- Barrel Plating on Plastics
- Corrections of Faults in the Simplas Process
- Silvering
- Spray Silvering
- solution Composition
- Operating Procedure
- Sensitiser
- Immersion Silvering
- Electroplating on Silvered Surfaces
- Special Techniques Used in Printing Applications
- Metallising with Copper Bronze Powder
- Preparation
- Metallising
- Electroplating
- Polishing with Powered Graphite
- Vacuum Evaporation & Electrical Sputtering
Anodic Oxidation of Aluminium
- Surface Treatment of Magnesium
- Anodizing Characteristics of Aluminium
- Alloy Types
- Applications of Anodising
- Architectural Anodizing
- Hard Anodising
- Specification Requirements
- Anodic Oxidation Processes
- Properties of Anodic Films
- Anodising Equipment
- Electrical Equipment
- Spray Suppression
- Sulphuric Acid Anodising Solutions
- Solution Composition
- Solution Preparation
- Operating Conditions
- Analytical Standards
- Sulphuric Acid/Oxalic Acid Anodising Solution
- Chromic Acid Process
- 10% Chromic Acid Process
- Anodising Procedure
- Pretreatment Processes
- Typical Anodising Sequences
- Architectural Anodizing
- Hard Anodising
- Semi Hard Anodising
- The Dyeing of Aluminium
- Printed & Multi Coloured Anodising
- Nickel/Cobalt Acetate Solution
- Stripping Anodic Coatings
- Tests for Anodic Films
- Faults in Anodizing
- The Surface Treatment of Magnesium
- M.E.L.Fluoride Anodising Process
- Equipment
- Treatment After Anodising
- Acid Chromate Solution
- Equipment
- Operating Procedure
- Chrome Manganese Solution
- Solution Composition
- The RAE Solution for the Chromate Treatment of Magnesium
- Process Sequence
- Plated Finishes on Magnesium
Phosphating Processes
- Applications
- Types of Phosphate Coating
- Surfaces to Which Phosphate Coatings May be Applied
- Preparation of Surfaces for Phosphating
- Specifications
- Treatment of High Tensile Steels
- Post Phosphating Treatments
- Equipment for Phosphating
- Immersion Phosphating Plant
- Spray Phosphating Equipment
- Phosphating Processes
- Light Weight Iron Phosphate Processes
- Heavy Zinc Phosphate Processes
- Calcium Modified Zinc Phosphate Processes
- Light Weight Zinc Phosphate Processes
- Manganese Phosphate Processes
- Phosphating Process Sequences
- Pre Treatment Processes
- Alkaline Cleaners
- Spray Phosphating
- Pickling & Derusting
- Immersion Rack or Barrel Phosphating
- Post Phosphating Treatments
- Sealing Treatments
- Descalers & Rust Removers
- Oils & Lubricants
- Aluminium Pre-Treatment
- General Phosphating Information
- Effluent Treatment
Manufacturers & Suppliers of Machinery & Equipments
Suppliers of Electroplating Chemicals & Materials
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