Detailed Project Report on integrated unit of dairy farming, milk collection & processing, fish farming, poultry farming & hatchery

INTEGRATED UNIT OF DAIRY FARMING, MILK COLLECTION & PROCESSING, FISH FARMING,
POULTRY FARMING & HATCHERY
[CODE NO.3489]  


There is a great demand of Dairy products, Packed Milk in Pouches, Fish and Eggs (Poultry Product) in India. An integrated unit to setup this plant shall be a profitable unit to set-up.

In India dairying has been practiced as a rural cottage industry since the remote past. Semi commercial dairying started with the establishment of military dairy farms and cooperative milk  unions  throughout the country  towards the  end of  the Nineteenth century. However market milk technology may be considered to have commenced in 1950, with the functioning of the Central Dairy of Aarey milk colony, and milk product technology in 1956 with the establishment of AMUL Dairy, Anand.

The importance of milk in human diet especially for children and expectant and nursing matters is vital. To meet the demand of the increasing population milk production in India has to be increased upto about 64 million tones.  It is neither possible nor desirable to increase the cattle and buffalo population to achieve this target. This can only be achieved  by stepping up milk production of our bovine population by cross breeding of cows and use of improved cows and buffaloes.

Unlike rich countries like the U.K. and the U.S. dairying in India is a subsidiary occupation of almost all the farmers. More than 60 percent of the families involved in dairying belong to the small or marginal farmers or even agricultural laborers. Thus  the  dairy  cattle or buffalo rearing has  vast  scope  for improving  economic and in turn, the nutritional status of such people  mainly  coming from rural area. This will also help in achieving the balance between economic development of urban and rural population.

The development and maintenance of a superior dairy herd can be a source of considerable pride and satisfaction. Success in dairy farming, like any professional achievement, does not come easily. It requires the very best of anyone’s ability to properly manage, feed, and breed a good herd of cows.  The job discussions which follow present important factors involved in making a start in dairying.

1.    Making certain that you like Dairy farming.
2.    Developing patience and an even Temperament,
3.    Practicing Regularity.
4.    Keeping up with New Development in Dairying.
5.    Growing into Dairying.
6.    Contribution your part to the industry.

Consider carefully the various aspects of your chosen occupation. The successful management of a dairy farm requires the development of many skills as well as an unlimited will to succeed.   Learn everything you can about dairying before hand. One of the best ways is to learn as much as possible from your father if he is or has been a dairyman.

In the seventies fishermen started concentrating on catching prawns more commonly known as `shrimps' due to high profitable return on the same on account of their export value. Brackish water prawn farming started in a big way during 91-94 especially in the coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Many small units continued to do farming and adopting extensive prawn farming systems. The shrimp farming has now been regulated with the establishment of Aquaculture Authority of India as per directions of Supreme Court for issuing licenses and overall supervision. It is commonly said that after Green and White Revolution in India, it is time for Blue Revolution to exploit the huge potential in fisheries sector. Shrimps are called the "Pinkish Gold" of the sea because of its universal appeal, unique taste, high unit value and increasing demand in the world market.



COST ESTIMATION

Plant  Capacity                                        :       INTEGRATED UNIT                              
land & Building  (40 Acres)                   :      Rs. 102.00 Cr
Plant & Machinery                                   :     Rs. 6.60  Cr
Working Capital for 2 Months                :    Rs. 14.69 Cr
Total Capital Investment                        :    Rs. 129.00 Cr
Rate of Return                                          :       19%
Break Even Point                                      :    53%


INTRODUCTION    
MURRAH BUFFALO    
CHARACTERISTICS    
HUSBANDRY    
AVAILABILITY FOR PURCHASE    
INDIAN STANDARDS    
STANDARDS OF DIFFERENT MILKS IN INDIA    
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION    
COMPOSITION OF MILK    
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MILK OF DIFFERENT SPECIES    
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MILK OF INDIAN BREEDS    
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MILK OF FOREIGN BREEDS OF COW    
THE DETAILED COMPOSITION OF MILK IS GIVEN IN TABLE 1.13    
SOME PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MILK    
BACTERIOLOGICAL STANDARDS OF RAW MILK    
PROPERTIES OF MILK    
QUALITY CONTROL TESTS FOR MILK AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE    
CATTLE FEED:-    
SOME MORE FORMULATIONS ARE AS FOLLOWS: -    
MARKET SURVEY OF DAIRY FARMING AND MILK PROCESSING    
INDIAN DAIRY INDUSTRY    
LOOKING BEYOND THE HORIZON OPPORTUNITIES    
MANUFACTURERS AND EXPORTERS    
OF DAIRY/MILK PRODUCTS    
SUPPLIERS OF CATTLES/DAIRY FARMERS    
MARKET POSITION OF FISH FARMING IN INDIA    
EXPORT PRODUCTION THROUGH AQUACULTURE:    
TABLE – 1: STATE WISE DETAILS OF TIGER SHRIMP FARMING 2015-16    
STATE-WISE AREA UTILIZED AND PRODUCTION FROM TIGER SHRIMP FARMS
STATE WISE PRODUCTION DETAILS OF L.VANNAMEI IN 2015-16    59
STATE-WISE AREA UTILIZED AND PRODUCTION FROM L VANNAMEI FARMS    
COMPARISON OF TOTAL SHRIMP & SCAMPI PRODUCTION FROM AQUACULTURE IN 2014-15 AND 2015-16    
STATE-WISE CULTURE PRODUCTION OF NEW EXPORTABLE SPECIES
   DURING 2015-16    
INDIAN POULTRY AND ITS FUTURE PROSPECTS    
OVERVIEW OF INDIAN POULTRY INDUSTRY    
LAYERS    
BROILERS    
BACKYARD / FAMILY PRODUCTION    
EXPORT TRENDS    
MAIN MARKET PLAYERS    
THE KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN THE INDIAN POULTRY MARKET ARE AS FOLLOWS.    
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES    
A) LOW PRODUCTIVITY    
B) LACK OF STORAGE, COLD CHAIN AND TRANSPORT    
C) SUPPLY OF QUALITY FEED    
D) QUALITY STANDARDS FOR FARM MANAGEMENT    
E) LACK OF PROCESSING FACILITIES    
USE OF MILK    
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF DAIRY FARMING    
AND MILK PROCESSING    
THE DETAILED PROCESS IS GIVEN HERE WITH:-    
MILKING BUFFALOES    
COOLING & STORING MILK    
FILTERATION:    
HOMOGENIZATION:    
CLARIFICATION:    
PASTEURIZATION:-    
REFRIGERATION OR FREEZING SYSTEM    
TESTING:-    
PACKING:-    
PROCESS FLOW SHEET DIAGRAM FOR THE MANUFACTURE
   OF HOMOGENIZED & PASTEURIZED MILK    
DIFFERENT TYPES OF AQUACULTURE    
FRESHWATER AQUACULTURE    
BRACKISH WATER AQUACULTURE    
MARICULTURE    
RECIRCULATION AQUACULTURE    
RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS (RAS)    
WHAT ARE WATER RECIRCULATION AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS?    
BENEFITS OF WATER RECIRCULATION AQUACULTURE SYSTEM DESIGNS    
LOW WATER REQUIREMENTS    
CONTROL OF WATER TEMPERATURE    
PROTECTION FROM THE ELEMENTS AND POTENTIAL PREDATORS    
CONTROL OF WATER QUALITY    
RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS (RAS) TECHNOLOGY    
THE RECIRCULATION SYSTEM, STEP BY STEP    96
DRUM FILTER    
MECHANICAL FILTRATION    
FUNCTION OF THE DRUMFILTER:    
MICROSCREEN FILTRATION HAS THE FOLLOWING ADVANTAGES:    
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT    
THE EFFICIENCY OF BIOFILTRATION DEPENDS PRIMARILY ON:    
TWO MAJOR FACTORS AFFECT THE PH IN THE WATER RECIRCULATION
   SYSTEM:    
RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY REQUIREMENTS OF RECIRCULATING
  SYSTEMS-    
DEGASSING, AERATION, AND STRIPPING    
OXYGENATION    
ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT    
OZONE    
PH REGULATION    
WATER TEMPERATURE REGULATION    
PUMPS    
EMERGENCY SYSTEM    
CALCULATION, ANALYSIS AND DESIGN IN FISH FARMING TANKS    
BIOFILTER SIZING    
THE REQUIRED BIO FILTER SURFACE AREA, BSA CAN BE CALCULATED
   A FOLLOWS;    
WATER FLOW RATE    
PUMP HYDRAULIC POWER    
ADAVANTAGE & DISADVANTAGE OF RAS    
ADVANTAGES OF RECIRCULATION AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS    
DISADVANTAGES OF RECIRCULATION AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS    
COMMERCIAL AQUACULTURE: SOLUTIONS & TROUBLESHOOTING    
BIOLOGY AND LIFE CYCLES OF PRAWNS    
THE BASIC PRAWN    
COLOUR CHANGES    
MOULTING    
FOOD AND FEEDING    
REPRODUCTION    
LIFE CYCLES AND AGE    
CONVERSION OF ADULT PRAWN INTO KG (MACROBRACHIUM ROSENBERGII)    
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION    
AUTOMATIC ROTARY DRUM FILTER    
PROTEIN SKIMMER    
UV FILTER    
OZONE GENERATOR    
AQUACULTURE CENTRIFUGAL WATER PUMP    
PRAWN FARMING (POND)    
SITE SELECTION    
SOIL QUALITY    
WATER QUALITY    
POND CONSTRUCTION    
WATER SUPPLY AND DRAINAGE    
FARM MANAGEMENT    
SHRIMP FARMING IN COASTAL AREA    
SITE SELECTION:-    
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF PRAWN FARM:    
GENERAL EARTH WORK    
THE ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF A PRAWN FARM ARE :-    
PONDS    
GATES    
DRAIN CANALS    
POND PREPARATION    
SELECTIVE STOCKING:    
FOOD AND FEEDING    
HARVESTING:    
USE OF CHEMICALS AND DRUGS IN AQUACULTURE    
BENEFITS OF POULTRY FARMING    
METHOD OF POULTRY FARMING    
LAYER POULTRY FARMING    
BROILER POULTRY FARMING    
PROCESSING STEPS IN HATCHERY    
DETAILS OF INCUBATION AND HATCHING    
HATCHERY DESIGN    
HATCHERY CONSTRUCTION    
HATCHERY ROOMS/ STRUCTURES    
SHOWER ROOM    
HATCHING EGGS RECEIVING COUNTER    
FUMIGATION ROOM    
EGG HOLDING (EGG-COOLER) ROOM    
PRE INCUBATION WARMING ROOM    
SETTER ROOM    
EGG CANDLING (DARK) ROOM    
HATCHER ROOM    
CHICK HOLDING ROOM    
WASH ROOM    
CLEAN ROOM    
DETAILS OF HATCHERY OPERATION    
ADVANTAGES    
1) SECURING HATCHING EGGS    
2) TRAYING HATCH EGGS    
3) FUMIGATION OF HATCHING EGGS    
4) COLD STORAGE    
5) WARM EGGS PRIOR TO SETTING    
6) LOADING OF EGGS    
7) CANDLING    
8) TRANSFER OF EGGS    
9) PULLING THE HATCH    
10) HARDENING THE CHICKS    
11) GRADING THE CHICKS    
12) SEXING THE CHICKS    
13) VACCINATION    
14) CHICK DELIVERY    
15) WASHING AND CLEANING    
16) DISPOSAL OF WASTE    
PRINCIPLES OF INCUBATION    
THEY ARE:    
1. TEMPERATURE    
2. HUMIDITY    
3. VENTILATION    
4. POSITION OF EGGS    
5. TURNING OF EGGS    
PROCESS PARAMETER IN HATCHERY INCUBATION PARAMETERS    
1. INCUBATION TIME: INCUBATION TEMPERATURE, AGE AND SIZE OF EGGS    
2. HUMIDITY (AIR RELATIVE HUMIDITY) – WEIGHT LOSS    
3. VENTILATION    
4. EGG POSITION AND TURNING    
TRANSFER AND HATCHING    
1. TRANSFER ON HATCHER BASKETS
2. EGG CANDLING    
3. TEMPERATURE, HUMIDITY, VENTILATION    
4. SPREAD OF HATCH: IMPACT ON CHICK QUALITY    
BROILER FARMING PROCESS    
HOUSING & HEATING    
USING THE RADIENT HEAT METHOD    
USING THE WARM-AIR DUCTITYPE METHOD OF HEATING    
RAISING CHICKENS IN BATTERIES MAINTAINING PROPER TEMPERATURE    
TEMPERATURE    
RATE OF PRODUCTION OF EGGS    
HEAT LOSS IN BALANCE WITH HEAT PRODUCTION    
LIGHTING FOR BROILERS    
SELECTION OF COCKERELS TO CARONIZE    
HOUSES AND EQUIPMENT:    
FLOORS    
ROOFS    
WATERING DEVICES:    
CARE OF THE HOUSE:    
POULTRY FEED    
DAIRY CONSULTANTS    
COMPLETE PLANT & MACHINERY SUPPLIERS FOR DAIRY PRODUCTS    
LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS    
POUCH PACKAGING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF FISH SEEDS    
SUPPLIERS OF FISH FARMING EQUIPMENTS    
SUPPLIERS OF POULTRY EQUIPMENTS    
WEIGHING BALANCES    
SUPPLIERS OF POULTRY & HATCHERY RAW MATERIALS    
SUPPLIERS OF DAIRY FARMING RAW MATERIALS    
CATTLE FEED    
                          
        
APPENDIX – A:

 1.      COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS      
 2.      LAND & BUILDING                                      
 3.      PLANT AND MACHINERY                                  
 4.      FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT                             
 5.      RAW MATERIAL                                         
 6.      SALARY AND WAGES                                     
 7.      UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS                              
 8.      TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL                                
 9.      COST OF PRODUCTION                                   
10.      PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS                               
11.      BREAK EVEN POINT                                     
12.      RESOURCES OF FINANCE                           
13.      INTEREST CHART                                       
14.      DEPRECIATION CHART                                   
15.      CASH FLOW STATEMENT                                   
16.      PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET